Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ansoo Lee, Hyunah Choo, Byungsun Jeon
Summary: Autism spectrum disorder is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by repetitive behaviors and difficulties with social interaction and communication. Existing drugs can alleviate some symptoms, but not the core symptoms. Serotonin receptors have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for ASD treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kazuyuki Takata, Hiroyuki Kimura, Daijiro Yanagisawa, Koki Harada, Kaneyasu Nishimura, Yoshihisa Kitamura, Shun Shimohama, Ikuo Tooyama
Summary: Research has found that in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD), there is a decrease in choline signaling, including nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs). Currently, there is limited understanding of AD pathophysiology, making it difficult to suppress the progression of the disease. Non-invasive diagnostic methods that can assess disease progression before the onset of symptoms are crucial, and incorporating the concept of neurotheranostics may be valuable for diagnosis and treatment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia Pasquini, Chiara Contri, Stefania Merighi, Stefania Gessi, Pier Andrea Borea, Katia Varani, Fabrizio Vincenzi
Summary: Adenosine plays an important role in regulating CNS activity, and its receptors are promising therapeutic targets for neuropsychiatric disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Kate F. Byrne, Ajay Pal, James F. Curtin, John C. Stephens, Gemma K. Kinsella
Summary: The focus of the review is on G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) targets, with chemokine, cannabinoid, and dopamine receptors showing promise. Further research is needed on potential targets such as MC4R, adhesion receptors, LPA, and Smo receptors to develop new drug-screening strategies for safe and effective GBM therapies.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Conor Hennessy, Declan P. McKernan
Summary: PRRs play a central role in inflammation following microbial infection by recognizing molecular patterns, and targeting them may offer a potential therapeutic approach for chronic inflammatory diseases and infections.
Article
Immunology
Koichi Yuki, Sophia Koutsogiannaki
Summary: Understanding host immunological responses is crucial in developing appropriate therapeutic approaches for different types of sepsis. Pattern recognition receptors play a key role in bacterial, fungal, and viral sepsis, and have therapeutic potential.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anil Mathew Tharappel, Zhong Li, Hongmin Li
Summary: Multidrug-resistant pathogens have become a significant concern, and there is an urgent need for new antifungal and anti-bacterial drug targets. Inteins, which are not present in human genes, are attractive drug targets for developing antifungals and antibiotics. In addition, inteins have various other applications such as protein activation, gene delivery, selective microbial killing, and studying infectious viruses.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrew A. Bolinger, Andrew Frazier, Jun-Ho La, John A. Allen, Jia Zhou
Summary: G protein-coupled receptor 37 (GPR37) is an orphan receptor that is highly expressed in the central nervous system and has been implicated in various neurological conditions. Its cellular signaling mechanisms and endogenous receptor ligands are still unknown, but it shows promise as a new therapeutic target.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Ruth M. Urbantat, Peter Vajkoczy, Susan Brandenburg
Summary: Chemokine signaling plays a crucial role in glioblastoma, potentially serving as therapeutic targets for new treatment regimens. Further research and clinical studies are needed to explore the efficacy of these novel chemokine-targeting therapies.
Review
Cell Biology
Akin Cayir
Summary: The field of epitranscriptome, focusing on posttranscriptional modifications to RNAs, has shown substantial evidence for the role of RNA modifications in diseases and their potential in therapy. Over 170 types of RNA modifications have been identified, along with regulatory genes associated with critical biological processes and diseases. Current research supports the idea of RNA modifications emerging as therapeutic targets.
WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Milad Moloudizargari, Mohammad Hossein Asghari, Ajay Goel
Summary: The passage discusses the three main therapeutic uses of extracellular vesicles (EVs): as drug targets, as drugs themselves, and as drug carriers. It emphasizes the need for a comprehensive understanding of EVs' biology and function for their effective therapeutic applications, while exploring various strategies for their use in therapy.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tatana Majerova, Jan Konvalinka
Summary: Viral protease inhibitors are crucial in the treatment of chronic viral diseases, as they reduce drug resistance and potential side effects, and various protease inhibitors are routinely used in clinical practice.
MOLECULAR ASPECTS OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Xiangyu Ma, Jiamin Guo, Yaoyang Fu, Cangsong Shen, Pei Jiang, Yuan Zhang, Lei Zhang, Yafeng Yu, Jiangang Fan, Renjie Chai
Summary: The prevalence of hearing loss-related diseases caused by different factors is increasing worldwide. New treatment measures and techniques are urgently needed to improve the therapeutic effect. Recent studies have shown that GPCRs may play a role in hearing loss and can be potential targets for therapy. This review summarizes the functions of 53 GPCRs in the cochlea and their relationships with hearing loss, and discusses the advances in new techniques and future directions for GPCR-based drug development and gene therapy.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Shihan N. Khan, Patrick Han, Rabib Chaudhury, Sean Bickerton, Jung Seok Lee, Brenda Calderon, Amanda Pellowe, Anjelica Gonzalez, Tarek Fahmy
Summary: By modulating the binding between nanoparticles and cell surface receptors, differential suppression of primary B cell activation can be achieved.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Uxia Regueiro, Maite Lopez-Lopez, Ruben Varela-Fernandez, Tomas Sobrino, Elio Diez-Feijoo, Isabel Lema
Summary: Keratoconus (KC) is a corneal disorder closely related to dysregulation of Lactoferrin (LTF) and overexpression of Toll-like Receptors 2 (TLR2). This study explores the association between these two biomarkers, providing insights into KC pathophysiology and potential therapeutic approaches. The study quantified LTF concentrations in serum and tear samples from KC patients and controls, and conducted correlation analysis with immunoinflammatory mediators and KC-associated tomographic parameters. In vitro experiments using cell cultures were also conducted to investigate the impact of LTF treatment on TLR2 expression and functionality. The results showed decreased LTF levels in KC patients compared to controls, indicating a strong correlation with TLR2 overexpression, inflammatory mediator upregulation, and KC severity. In stimulated cell cultures, TLR2 expression was reduced after LTF treatment, along with decreased secretion of SEAP and IL-8. Overall, the dysregulation of LTF and TLR2 in the ocular surface of KC patients contributes to KC severity by maintaining a chronic immune-inflammatory state, suggesting the potential of LTF as a therapeutic approach for KC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
