Article
Oncology
Xiaoyan Feng, Miaomiao Meng, Hongwen Li, Yuyang Gao, Wenting Song, Ruiqing Di, Zhaoming Li, Xudong Zhang, Mingzhi Zhang
Summary: Natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is an incurable aggressive T-cell lymphoma closely correlated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. T-cell dysfunction and accumulation of inhibitory cell components were observed in NKTCL patients, including higher frequencies of inhibitory T regulatory cells (Tregs) and myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), altered T-cell distribution, higher expression levels of multiple surface inhibitory receptors (IRs) in T cells, reduced T-cell proliferation and interferon-gamma production, lower number of EBV-specific cytotoxic cells with upregulated IRs and decreased effector cytokine secretion. Additionally, NKTCL cells induced T-cell exhaustion phenotypes, generation of Tregs and MDSCs in normal PBMCs.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tobias Lanz, R. Camille Brewer, Peggy P. Ho, Jae-Seung Moon, Kevin M. Jude, Daniel Fernandez, Ricardo A. Fernandes, Alejandro M. Gomez, Gabriel-Stefan Nadj, Christopher M. Bartley, Ryan D. Schubert, Isobel A. Hawes, Sara E. Vazquez, Manasi Iyer, J. Bradley Zuchero, Bianca Teegen, Jeffrey E. Dunn, Christopher B. Lock, Lucas B. Kipp, Victoria C. Cotham, Beatrix M. Ueberheide, Blake T. Aftab, Mark S. Anderson, Joseph L. DeRisi, Michael R. Wilson, Rachael J. M. Bashford-Rogers, Michael Platten, K. Christopher Garcia, Lawrence Steinman, William H. Robinson
Summary: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease where autoreactive lymphocytes attack the central nervous system. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection has been linked to MS, with molecular mimicry between EBV nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA1) and central nervous system protein GlialCAM. EBNA1 immunization exacerbates disease in MS mouse models and anti-EBNA1 and anti-GlialCAM antibodies are prevalent in MS patients, providing a mechanistic link between MS and EBV and guiding the development of new MS therapies.
Review
Oncology
Ivonne A. Montes-Mojarro, Falko Fend, Leticia Quintanilla-Martinez
Summary: ENKTCL is an aggressive lymphoma associated with EBV infection, characterized by activation of the JAK-STAT pathway and mutations in genes like BCOR, DDX3X and TP53. Differences in EBV strains and LMP1 variants among populations provide insights into the pathogenesis and genetics of ENKTCL. The genetic landscape of ENKTCL highlights mechanisms of lymphomagenesis and potential therapeutic targets.
Review
Oncology
Zanelli Magda, Paola Parente, Francesca Sanguedolce, Maurizio Zizzo, Andrea Palicelli, Alessandra Bisagni, Illuminato Carosi, Domenico Trombetta, Luca Mastracci, Linda Ricci, Saverio Pancetti, Giovanni Martino, Giuseppe Broggi, Rosario Caltabiano, Alberto Cavazza, Stefano Ascani
Summary: Intravascular NK/T-cell lymphoma is a rare lymphoma with unique clinical, pathological, and molecular features, posing challenges in diagnosis and treatment. EBV infection is closely associated with the aggressive behavior of the disease, and immune checkpoint inhibitors may offer promising therapeutic results.
Article
Biology
Wesley Soo I. Hoo, Kaylie Higa, Alison A. McCormick
Summary: This study successfully developed a mouse B cell line expressing latent membrane protein 1 and demonstrated that vaccination protected mice against B cell tumors expressing latent membrane protein 1. This research provides a potential for studying vaccine immunotherapy in cancer patients.
Article
Oncology
Yanxia He, Yan Gao, Liqin Ping, Haixia He, Cheng Huang, Bing Bai, Xiaoxiao Wang, Zhiming Li, Qingqing Cai, Yuhua Huang, Xueyi Pan, Wenbin Zeng, Yanan Liu, Huiqiang Huang
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and toxicity of anti-PD-1 antibody-based treatment in patients with NK/T-LAHS. The results showed that the combination of anti-PD-1 antibody and chemotherapy improved the overall response rate and was well tolerated.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Shiyu Huang, Tomoharu Yasuda
Summary: The Epstein-Barr virus is common in humans and can lead to lymphoproliferative diseases which may develop into lymphoma. The immune system plays a role in monitoring EBV+ B cells to prevent tumor formation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Won Seog Kim, Yasuhiro Oki, Seok Jin Kim, Sang Eun Yoon, Kirit M. Ardeshna, Yi Lin, Jia Ruan, Pierluigi Porcu, Jonathan E. Brammer, Eric D. Jacobsen, Dok Hyun Yoon, Cheolwon Suh, Felipe Suarez, John Radford, Lihua E. Budde, Jin Seok Kim, Emmanuel Bachy, Hun Ju Lee, Catherine M. Bollard, Arnaud Jaccard, Hye Jin Kang, Shannon Inman, Maryann Murray, Katherin E. Combs, Daniel Y. Lee, Ranjana Advani, Kurt C. Gunter, Cliona M. Rooney, Helen E. Heslop
Summary: The study conducted a phase II clinical trial of autologous EBV-specific T cell treatment (baltaleucel-T) in advanced, relapsed ENKTL patients. The results showed that this treatment demonstrated single-agent activity and improved survival outcomes in some patients.
ANNALS OF HEMATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Eric Tse, Christopher P. Fox, Alexander Glover, Sang Eun Yoon, Won Seog Kim, Yok-Lam Kwong
Summary: NK/T-cell lymphomas predominantly arise from NK-cells and are commonly infected with Epstein Barr virus (EBV). They are rare lymphomas more prevalent in Asian and Central/South American populations. The diagnosis is established through histological and immunohistochemical examination, along with the presence of EBV in the tumor cells. Staging and plasma EBV DNA quantification are crucial for determining management and prognosis. Treatment options vary based on disease stage, with chemotherapy and radiotherapy being effective for early-stage disease and asparaginase-containing regimens and stem cell transplantation considered for advanced-stage disease. Salvage chemotherapy is largely ineffective for relapsed/refractory disease, and novel therapeutic approaches are being explored.
SEMINARS IN HEMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Han-Na Kim, Dae Sik Kim, Min Ji Jeon, Eun Sang Yu, Chul-Won Choi, Young Hyeh Ko
Summary: This case report describes a rare occurrence of excessive Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive B cells in a patient with peripheral T cell lymphoma masquerading as nasopharyngeal extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma. The B cell population expanded after chemotherapy, forming EBV-positive diffuse large B cell lymphoma.
Article
Oncology
Tharcisse Mpunga, Gary M. Clifford, Elizabeth A. Morgan, Danny A. Jr Jr Milner, Catherine de Martel, Cyprien Munyanshongore, Gaspard Muvugabigwi, Jean-Damien Combes
Summary: The study found that the prevalence of EBV in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) diagnosed in the Butaro Cancer Center of Excellence in Rwanda is 54%, with detection in all classical subtypes. In non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), the EBV prevalence is 9%, with Burkitt lymphoma in B-cell NHL having the highest detection rate of EBV.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seifegebriel Teshome, Elshafa Hassan Ahmed, Kidist Zealiyas, Abdulaziz Abubeker, Fisihatsion Tadesse, Christoph Weigel, Robert A. Baiocchi, Tamrat Abebe
Summary: This study investigated the genetic variation of EBV in lymphoma patients in Ethiopia. The results showed a higher distribution of EBV genotype 1 in these patients, and a significant association between age groups and EBV genotypes was observed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
John C. Reneau, Polina Shindiapina, Zachary Braunstein, Youssef Youssef, Miguel Ruiz, Saira Farid, Walter Hanel, Jonathan E. Brammer
Summary: Extranodal natural killer/T(NK/T)-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that usually presents with a nasal mass. Limited disease is treated with chemotherapy and radiation, while advanced stage disease is treated with L-asparaginase containing chemotherapy regimens. Modern radiation therapy techniques and the use of L-asparaginase in chemotherapy have improved outcomes, but relapse and relapse-related deaths remain frequent. Novel therapies have been evaluated for the treatment of this disease.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Paola Chabay
Summary: EBV+ DLBCL, NOS is a new category with varying incidence rates among different populations, influencing tumor microenvironment and patient survival. EBV can alter genetic composition of tumor cells and affect recruitment of immune cells.
Article
Microbiology
Francesco Baccianti, Charlene Masson, Susanne Delecluse, Zhe Li, Remy Poirey, Henri-Jacques Delecluse
Summary: EBV efficiently infects and transforms B lymphocytes by activating viral gene expression and manipulating cellular pathways to limit the immune response, according to this study. The viral particle components sequentially activate proinflammatory B lymphocyte signaling pathways, leading to viral gene expression and cytokine release. However, infection also triggers the expression of ZFP36L1, a stress protein that limits the cytokine response. This study highlights the complex interactions between EBV and host cells during infection and transformation.