Journal
CHINESE PHYSICS B
Volume 21, Issue 10, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1674-1056/21/10/108507
Keywords
white organic light-emitting diode; top-emitting; electron blocking layer; high efficiency; colour stability
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology, China [2009CB930600]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [60907047, 61274065, 60977024]
- Chinese Ministry of Education [104246, 707032]
- Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education Institutions, China [20093223120003, 20093223110003]
- Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province
- Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province, China [BK2009423, SJ209003, 10KJB510013, 11KJD510003]
- Fok Ying-Tong Education Foundation, China [111051]
- Qing Lan Program of Jiangsu Province
- Pandeng Project of Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China [NY210015, NY211069, NY210040]
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In this paper, we report on the fabrication of a top-emitting electrophosphorescent p-i-n white organic light-emitting diode on the basis of a low-reflectivity Sm/Ag semi-transparent cathode together with a thickness-optimized ZnS out-coupling layer. With a 24-nm out-coupling layer, the reflectivity of the cathode is reduced to 8% at 492 nm and the mean reflectivity is 24% in the visible area. By introducing an efficient electron blocking layer tris(1-phenylpyrazolato,N,C2')iridium(III) (Ir(ppz)3) to confine the exciton recombination area, the current efficiency and the colour stability of the device are effectively improved. A white emission with the Ir(ppz)(3) layer exhibits a maximum current efficiency of 9.8 cd/A at 8 V, and the Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity coordinates are almost constant during a large voltage change of 6 V-11 V. There is almost no viewing angular dependence in the spectrum when the viewing angle is no more than 45 degrees, with a CIEx,y coordinate variation of only (+/- 0.0025, +/- 0.0008). Even at a large viewing angle (75 degrees), the CIEx,y coordinate change is as small as (+/- 0.0087, +/- 0.0013).
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