Journal
CHINESE JOURNAL OF OCEANOLOGY AND LIMNOLOGY
Volume 31, Issue 5, Pages 1045-1054Publisher
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s00343-013-2321-x
Keywords
Saccharina japonica Aresch; phlorotannins; microwave-assisted extraction (MAE); orthogonal array design (OAD); human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell; Folin-Ciocalteu assay (FC)
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [51203028]
- Rural Science and Technology Correspondent and Technology Service System Construction Projects, Guangdong Province [2010A020507001-91]
- Science and Technology Project of Panyu District, Guangzhou City [2010-12-08]
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The use of a microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) method for the extraction of phlorotannins from Saccharina japonica Aresch (S. japonica) has been evaluated with particular emphasis on the influential parameters, including the ethanol concentration, solid/liquid ratio, extraction time, extraction temperature, and microwave power. The MAE procedure was optimized using single-factor design and orthogonal array design (OAD). The content of total phlorotannins in S. japonica was determined using a Folin-Ciocalteu (FC) assay. A maximum total phlorotannin content of 0.644 mg of phloroglucinol equivalent per gram of dry weight plant (mg PGE/g DW) was obtained using the optimized model, which included an ethanol concentration of 55%, solid/liquid ratio of 1:8, extraction time of 25 min, irradiation power of 400 W, and temperature of 60A degrees C. Under similar conditions, the application of a conventional extraction method led to a lower phlorotannin yield of 0.585 mg PGE/g WD. These results demonstrated that the MAE approach provided better results for the extraction of phlorotannins from S. japonica and was a promising technique for the extraction of phenolic compounds from S. japonica and other materials. In addition, screening tests for the inhibitory activity showed that the phlorotannin-containing extracts significantly inhibited the growth of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) by inducing their apoptosis. The morphological changes that occurred during cell apoptosis were characterized using Hoechst33258 staining.
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