Review
Plant Sciences
Kondakindi Venkateswar Reddy, Nalam Renuka Satya Sree, Pabbati Ranjit, Naga Raju Maddela, Vivek Kumar, Priyanka Jha, Ram Prasad, Matteo Radice
Summary: Helicobacter pylori is a Class I human carcinogen that causes gastric, peptic duodenal ulcers and other gastrointestinal disorders. Current triple therapy for H. pylori has limited success due to multidrug resistance. This review highlights the potential of essential oils and herbal extracts as alternative therapeutic strategies against H. pylori, with more than twenty compounds identified as having antimicrobial activity.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hyun Jun Woo, Ji Yeong Yang, Pyeongjae Lee, Jong-Bae Kim, Sa-Hyun Kim
Summary: The natural compound zerumbone extracted from Zingiber zerumbet Smith was found to inhibit the urease activity of H. pylori by forming dimers, trimers, or tetramers, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for treating H. pylori infections in humans.
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiaojing Yin, Yongkang Lai, Yiqi Du, Tinglin Zhang, Jie Gao, Zhaoshen Li
Summary: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a pathogen that causes gastrointestinal diseases, including gastric adenocarcinoma. Antibiotic treatments, such as bismuth quadruple therapy, are currently effective but overuse of antibiotics has led to increasing resistance. Metal-based nanoparticles, with their unique properties, have shown potential as antibiotic-free antibacterial strategies. This article reviews recent advances in the design, mechanisms, and applications of metal-based nanoparticles for eradicating H. pylori.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Peter Malfertheiner, M. Constanza Camargo, Emad El-Omar, Jyh-Ming Liou, Richard Peek, Christian Schulz, Stella I. Smith, Sebastian Suerbaum
Summary: Helicobacter pylori infection causes chronic gastritis and can lead to severe gastroduodenal pathologies, including peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. This Primer summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and management of this infection, and discusses patient quality of life and open research questions.
NATURE REVIEWS DISEASE PRIMERS
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Tanshi Mehrotra, T. Barani Devi, Shakti Kumar, Daizee Talukdar, Sonali Porey Karmakar, Akansha Kothidar, Jyoti Verma, Shashi Kumari, Sneha Mary Alexander, R. J. Retnakumar, Krishnadas Devadas, Animesh Ray, Ankur Mutreja, G. Balakrish Nair, Santanu Chattopadhyay, Bhabatosh Das
Summary: Indian strains of Helicobacter pylori exhibit genome plasticity and heterogeneity, with targeted modifications being the primary mechanism of antibiotic resistance. The findings of this study will enhance understanding of drug-resistant H. pylori emergence and aid in advancing clinical treatment guidance.
Review
Microbiology
Ichiro Imoto, Taro Yasuma, Corina N. D'Alessandro-Gabazza, Satoko Oka, Moriharu Misaki, Noriyuki Horiki, Esteban C. Gabazza
Summary: Helicobacter pylori is the main causative agent of gastroduodenal diseases, and its eradication has become challenging due to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. Lactoferrin, an iron-binding protein, has shown antimicrobial properties and its concentrations increase during H. pylori infection. Although lactoferrin alone cannot eradicate H. pylori, recent studies have explored the potential of oral lactoferrin supplementation as a part of eradication therapy.
Article
Immunology
Chia-Jung Kuo, Cheng-Han Lee, Ming-Ling Chang, Cheng-Yu Lin, Wey-Ran Lin, Ming-Yao Su, Cheng-Hsun Chiu, Chi-Nan Tseng, Yu-Shan Wu, Cheng-Tang Chiu, Chih-Ho Lai
Summary: The study showed a high antimicrobial resistance rate among patients with refractory Helicobacter pylori, especially for clarithromycin and levofloxacin dual resistance.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ji Yeong Yang, Jong-Bae Kim, Pyeongjae Lee, Sa-Hyun Kim
Summary: Evodiamine inhibits the growth of H. pylori by downregulating gene expressions related to replication and transcription machineries of the bacteria. Moreover, evodiamine also suppresses urease expression, leading to reduced translocation of CagA and VacA proteins into AGS cells. Additionally, evodiamine inhibits the activation of signaling proteins induced by H. pylori infection, contributing to reduction of IL-8 production in AGS cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Antonella Battisti, Paola Morici, Antonella Sgarbossa
Summary: Bacterial biofilms create a strong barrier against drugs and the host immune system; Helicobacter pylori's biofilm makes it resistant to antibiotics; Antimicrobial PhotoDynamic Therapy could be an effective strategy against bacterial infections.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mashiko Setshedi, Stella I. Smith
Summary: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is highly prevalent worldwide, especially in Africa with rates over 70%. The challenge lies in managing this condition due to increasing antimicrobial resistance rates to recommended therapies. Particularly in Africa, where eradication seems impossible, lack of infrastructure and resources hinder antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Unregulated antibiotic use in certain parts of Africa is likely to contribute to the rise of antimicrobial resistance. This article aims to address these challenges by proposing achievable goals to curb infection spread and antimicrobial resistance specifically in Africa.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jonathon P. Schubert, Richard J. Woodman, Arduino A. Mangoni, Christopher K. Rayner, Morgyn S. Warner, Ian C. Roberts-Thomson, Samuel P. Costello, Robert Bryant
Summary: Our study demonstrates the heterogeneous geospatial distribution of H. pylori positivity and antibiotic resistance, as well as its interaction with migrant status. Geographic location and migrant status are important factors to consider for H. pylori eradication therapy.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Reka Borka Balas, Lorena Elena Melit, Cristina Oana Marginean
Summary: The aim of this review was to analyze the differences in pediatric Helicobacter pylori (Hp) antimicrobial-resistance trends between continents and countries. Asian pediatric patients showed the highest resistance to metronidazole (>50%), possibly due to its wide use for parasitic infections. In addition to increased resistance to metronidazole, different Asian countries also had high rates of resistance to clarithromycin, indicating that ciprofloxacin-based eradication therapy and bismuth-based quadruple therapy might be optimal choices for Hp eradication in Asian pediatric population. The evidence for America was limited, but there was an increasing resistance to clarithromycin (up to 79.6%), although not all studies agreed on this. Pediatric patients from Africa presented the highest resistance rate to metronidazole (91%), with contradictory results for amoxicillin. However, quinolones showed the lowest resistance rates in most African studies. Among European children, metronidazole and clarithromycin exhibited the most frequent resistance (up to 59% and 45%), with a predominance for clarithromycin compared to other continents. The differences in antibiotic use among continents and countries worldwide contribute to the discrepancies in Hp antimicrobial-resistance patterns, emphasizing the importance of global judicious antibiotic use to control increasing resistance rates.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Junichi Kobayashi, Masatomo Kawakubo, Chifumi Fujii, Nobuhiko Arisaka, Masaki Miyashita, Yoshiko Sato, Hitomi Komura, Hisanori Matoba, Jun Nakayama
Summary: The study demonstrates the antibacterial activity of the cholesterol analog cholestenone against Helicobacter pylori, inhibiting its growth and potentially serving as an oral medicine for eradicating the bacteria in mice.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Kartika Afrida Fauzia, Hafeza Aftab, Evariste Tshibangu-Kabamba, Ricky Indra Alfaray, Batsaikhan Saruuljavkhlan, Alain Cimuanga-Mukanya, Takashi Matsumoto, Phawinee Subsomwong, Junko Akada, Muhammad Miftahussurur, Yoshio Yamaoka
Summary: Current management of gastric inflammation involves eradication of Helicobacter pylori, but antibiotic resistance has decreased the effectiveness of common antibiotics. This study evaluated mutations in genes related to antimicrobial resistance in clinical isolates from Bangladeshi subjects. Clarithromycin and levofloxacin resistance were high, with specific mutations associated with resistance. Metronidazole resistance was exceptionally high, with multiple mutations in the rdxA gene. These findings highlight the importance of gene mutations in antibiotic resistance mechanisms in H. pylori.
Article
Microbiology
Ankan Choudhury, Patrick S. Ortiz, Mikaeel Young, Md. Toslim Mahmud, Ryan T. Stoffel, K. Leigh Greathouse, Christopher M. Kearney
Summary: Selective antimicrobial peptides (gAMPs) fused with lactococcus lactis were developed to target and eliminate Helicobacter pylori. These gAMP probiotics showed no toxicity against H. pylori and reduced toxicity against off-target bacteria. When tested in mice, they effectively eliminated H. pylori in 5 days and protected against reinfection.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
G. M. Hamad, T. H. Taha, A. Alshehri, N. M. El-Deeb
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION
(2017)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Gamal M. Hamad, Eman Zahran, Elsayed E. Hafez
JOURNAL OF FOOD SAFETY
(2017)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Gamal M. Hamad, Tarek H. Taha, Elsayed E. Hafez, Safwat H. Ali, Sobhy A. El Sohaimy
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
(2018)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Eman Ahmed, Ashraf Zeitoun, Gamal Hamad, Mohamed A. M. Zeitoun, Ahmed Taha, Sameh A. Korma, Tuba Esatbeyoglu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of natural lignocellulosic-based adsorbents on the physicochemical properties and quality of fried oils. The results showed that sugarcane bagasse was the most effective adsorbent in enhancing the properties of used sunflower oil. The findings suggest that natural lignocellulosic biomasses, especially sugarcane bagasse, can be used as sustainable and cheap adsorbents to improve oil quality.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gamal Hamad, Marwa A. Saad, Dalia Talat, Sabria Hassan, Ola M. A. K. Shalabi, Abeer M. Salama, Sarah Abou-Alella, Tuba Esatbeyoglu, Taha Mehany
Summary: The study investigated the degradation efficiency of various natural organic acid extracts, quadri-mix fruit acid extract, and probiotics against mycolic acids (MAs), and found that the mixed fruit extract quadri-mix combined with L. acidophilus showed the highest MA degradation percentage after 48 hours, making it a promising biocontrol candidate.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Gamal M. M. Hamad, Hussein S. Abo El-Makarem, Marwa G. G. Allam, Osama S. S. El Okle, Marwa I. I. El-Toukhy, Taha Mehany, Yasser El-Halmouch, Mukhtar M. F. Abushaala, Mohamed S. S. Saad, Sameh A. A. Korma, Salam A. A. Ibrahim, Elsayed E. E. Hafez, Amr Amer, Eman Ali
Summary: The aim of this research was to investigate the ability of bentonite to adsorb and/or eliminate aflatoxin M-1 (AFM(1)) from different types of raw milk. The study found that goat milk had the highest AFM(1) value compared to other milks. The adsorption of AFM(1) by bentonite was found to be concentration-dependent and reached maximum levels after 12 hours. Bentonite HAFR 3 exhibited the highest adsorption efficiency and resulted in the lowest residual levels of AFM(1) in both phosphate buffer saline and milk. Furthermore, the use of bentonite led to changes in the nutritional characteristics of milk.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Gamal Hamad, Amr Amer, Ghada Kirrella, Taha Mehany, Reham A. Elfayoumy, Rasha Elsabagh, Eman M. Elghazaly, Tuba Esatbeyoglu, Ahmed Taha, Ahmed Zeitoun
Summary: This study evaluated the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in chicken fillets and investigated the effectiveness of lyophilized seaweed extracts in inhibiting its growth. Among the seaweed extracts tested, Halimeda opuntia (HO) showed significant antibacterial activity against S. aureus. HO extract also exhibited antioxidant properties and had a higher safety threshold for consumption. Furthermore, the study demonstrated that the addition of HO extract effectively reduced S. aureus count in chicken fillets and improved sensory attributes of the meat.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Gamal Hamad, Elsayed E. Hafez, Sherien E. Sobhy, Taha Mehany, Reham A. Elfayoumy, Eman M. Elghazaly, Michael Eskander, Rasha G. Tawfik, Saleh M. Hussein, Leonel Pereira
Summary: This study aimed to detect and control Clostridium botulinum in Egyptian fish products using natural leaf extracts of Citrus limon, Citrus sinensis, and Citrus unshiu, as well as investigating the application of C. limon in tuna. The antibacterial activity of C. limon leaf extract was also assessed. Results showed variations in the distribution of positive C. botulinum in fish samples from different governorates. All three Citrus extracts exhibited antimicrobial properties, with C. limon being the most effective. The C. limon leaf extract demonstrated high antioxidant and anti-Clostridium powers, suggesting its potential as a natural preservative in fishery products.
Article
Biology
Mahmoud Moustafa, Tarek Taha, Mohamed Elnouby, Nehal El-Deeb, Gamal Hamad, M. A. Abu-Saied, Sulaiman Alrumman