Article
Neurosciences
Liliana Maria Pinho-Correia, Andreas Prokop
Summary: Axons are the long cellular processes of neurons that are crucial for the wiring of our nervous system. The maintenance of axons relies on microtubule bundles, and the mechanisms underlying their formation and regulation in axons are poorly understood.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Sudhriti Ghosh Dastidar, Deepak Nair
Summary: Continued mRNA translation and protein production are crucial for neuronal functions. Protein synthesis in neurons is spatially heterogeneous and influenced by factors such as injury, guidance cues, developmental cues, neuromodulators, and synaptic activity. The role of ribosomes in the variability of protein expression in neurons remains unclear despite previous studies on translation factors and the identity of translated mRNAs.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fugui Niu, Pengfei Che, Zhuoxuan Yang, Jian Zhang, Lixin Yang, Mengru Zhuang, Xijun Ou, Sheng-Jian Ji
Summary: YTHDF1 and YTHDF2 play important roles in regulating mammalian neurogenesis through mediating m(6)A modification, and they are involved in the regulation of cortical and retinal neurogenesis.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erin M. Schuman
Summary: This paper describes how Calcium-calmodulin protein kinase 2, an important synaptic molecule, is concentrated at synapses and how its local synthesis is crucial for memory in fruit flies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
E. L. Spaulding, T. J. Hines, P. Bais, A. L. D. Tadenev, R. Schneider, D. Jewett, B. Pattavina, S. L. Pratt, K. H. Morelli, M. G. Stum, D. P. Hill, C. Gobet, M. Pipis, M. M. Reilly, M. J. Jennings, R. Horvath, Y. Bai, M. E. Shy, B. Alvarez-Castelao, E. M. Schuman, L. P. Bogdanik, E. Storkebaum, R. W. Burgess
Summary: Dominant mutations in ubiquitously expressed tRNA synthetase genes lead to peripheral neuropathy through activating the integrated stress response via GCN2 kinase. Inhibiting GCN2 or the ISR may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for CMT.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emily A. Scarborough, Keita Uchida, Maria Vogel, Noa Erlitzki, Meghana Iyer, Sai Aung Phyo, Alexey Bogush, Izhak Kehat, Benjamin L. Prosser
Summary: Cardiac remodeling is triggered by hypertension, exercise, and pregnancy, and mainly occurs through hypertrophy of individual cardiomyocytes. Microtubules play a crucial role in cardiac growth by controlling the spatiotemporal translation machinery and distributing mRNA and ribosomes to specific locations within cardiomyocytes during hypertrophic stimulation. Disruption of the microtubule network leads to mislocalized protein synthesis, degradation of new proteins, and inhibition of growth, highlighting the importance of properly localized translation for cardiac hypertrophy.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luke Campagnola, Stephanie C. Seeman, Thomas Chartrand, Lisa Kim, Alex Hoggarth, Clare Gamlin, Shinya Ito, Jessica Trinh, Pasha Davoudian, Cristina Radaelli, Mean-Hwan Kim, Travis Hage, Thomas Braun, Lauren Alfiler, Julia Andrade, Phillip Bohn, Rachel Dalley, Alex Henry, Sara Kebede, Mukora Alice, David Sandman, Grace Williams, Rachael Larsen, Corinne Teeter, Tanya L. Daigle, Kyla Berry, Nadia Dotson, Rachel Enstrom, Melissa Gorham, Madie Hupp, Samuel Dingman Lee, Kiet Ngo, Philip R. Nicovich, Lydia Potekhina, Shea Ransford, Amanda Gary, Jeff Goldy, Delissa McMillen, Trangthanh Pham, Michael Tieu, La'Akea Siverts, Miranda Walker, Colin Farrell, Martin Schroedter, Cliff Slaughterbeck, Charles Cobb, Richard Ellenbogen, Ryder P. Gwinn, C. Dirk Keene, Andrew L. Ko, Jeffrey G. Ojemann, Daniel L. Silbergeld, Daniel Carey, Tamara Casper, Kirsten Crichton, Michael Clark, Nick Dee, Lauren Ellingwood, Jessica Gloe, Matthew Kroll, Josef Sulc, Herman Tung, Katherine Wadhwani, Krissy Brouner, Tom Egdorf, Michelle Maxwell, Medea McGraw, Christina Alice Pom, Augustin Ruiz, Jasmine Bomben, David Feng, Nika Hejazinia, Shu Shi, Aaron Szafer, Wayne Wakeman, John Phillips, Amy Bernard, Luke Esposito, Florence D. D'Orazi, Susan Sunkin, Kimberly Smith, Bosiljka Tasic, Anton Arkhipov, Staci Sorensen, Ed Lein, Christof Koch, Gabe Murphy, Hongkui Zeng, Tim Jarsky
Summary: Through the application of a synaptic physiology analysis platform and dataset, we have revealed principles that link cell type to synaptic properties and intralaminar circuit organization. Excitatory and inhibitory synapse dynamics differ between cell subclasses, and synaptic properties are heterogeneous in most subclass-to-subclass connections. Excitatory-to-excitatory synaptic dynamics in the human cortex are distinct from those in the mouse cortex and vary across different layers.
Article
Neurosciences
Carlos Puentes-Mestril, James Delorme, Lijing Wang, Marcus Donnelly, Donald Popke, Sha Jiang, Sara J. Aton
Summary: Sleep and sleep deprivation have differential effects on gene transcription and protein translation in the mammalian forebrain, with stronger impacts observed in the neocortex compared to the hippocampus. These effects are cell type-specific and brain region-specific, indicating heterogeneous alterations in synapse strength, excitatory-inhibitory balance, and cellular timekeeping.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Francesca Schonsberg, Yasser Roudi, Alessandro Treves
Summary: Threshold linear unit associative networks with Hebbian learning can approach and even surpass the Gardner storage limit, largely through sparsification of retrieved patterns. Our results suggest that one-shot self-organized Hebbian learning can be as efficient as nonlocal learning rules like back propagation in achieving optimal capacity.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Beilei Zhang, Yue Gao, Rui Yang, Zhijun Ouyang, Hongwei Yu, Han Wang, Xiangyang Shi, Mingwu Shen
Summary: Unobtrusive metastasis and invasion are the major causes of cancer patient death, and the lack of specificity and abrupt release of anticancer drugs applied to primary tumors cause serious side effects in cancer management. Therefore, the development of controlled local drug delivery systems that can effectively treat primary tumors and inhibit tumor metastasis is crucial for improved cancer therapeutics.
ADVANCED FIBER MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jason Z. Kim, Zhixin Lu, Erfan Nozari, George J. Pappas, Danielle S. Bassett
Summary: Computational systems are designed to store and manipulate information, while neurobiological systems adapt to perform similar functions without explicit engineering. Recent research has shown that recurrent neural networks (RNNs) can learn to modify complex information representations using examples and control signals, allowing for continuous interpolation and extrapolation of these representations far beyond the training data. Furthermore, RNNs can infer bifurcation structures and chaos routes, as well as extrapolate non-dynamical trajectories.
NATURE MACHINE INTELLIGENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chao Sun, Andreas Nold, Claudia M. Fusco, Vidhya Rangaraju, Tatjana Tchumatchenko, Mike Heilemann, Erin M. Schuman
Summary: Neurons localize mRNAs and ribosomes in dendrites and axons for local protein synthesis to supply synapses. Study shows that ribosomes and nascent proteins positively correlate with synapse density and the amount of locally synthesized protein relates to spontaneous Ca2+ activity at synapses. Local and global plasticity result in a multifold increase in synaptic nascent protein with substantial heterogeneity between neighboring synapses.
Article
Neurosciences
Ali Cillov, Andreas Stumpner
Summary: This article describes a new method and the first fluorescent dye for individually staining insect neurons, which greatly improved understanding of the neuronal basis of sensory processes such as hearing. The article focuses on the local auditory elements in the bush cricket species Ancistrura nigrovittata, discussing their morphology, sensory processing, and hypothesizing about their functions and evolutionary connections in ensiferan insects.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thomas A. Longden, Amreen Mughal, Grant W. Hennig, Osama F. Harraz, Bo Shui, Frank K. Lee, Jane C. Lee, Shaun Reining, Michael Kotlikoff, Gabriele M. Konig, Evi Kostenis, David Hill-Eubanks, Mark T. Nelson
Summary: The study reveals that brain capillary endothelial cells control blood flow through a series of Ca2+ events, driven by neuronal activity and Ca2+ entry through TRPV4 channels. This provides a mechanism for high-resolution control of blood flow to small clusters of neurons.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nicla Romano, Bruna Di Giacomo, Veronica Nobile, Antonella Borreca, Daniela Willems, Francesca Tilesi, Elisabetta Catalani, Manasi Agrawal, Kristy Welshhans, Sara Ricciardi, Davide Cervia, Marcello Ceci
Summary: This study reveals a mechanism by which FMRP regulates the localization of translational machinery and its translation activity of specific mRNAs by interacting with RACK1. These findings provide new insights into the altered development in Fragile X syndrome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
