Review
Oncology
Francisca Diniz, Pedro Coelho, Henrique O. Duarte, Bruno Sarmento, Celso A. Reis, Joana Gomes
Summary: Alterations in glycosylation are commonly observed in cancer cells. Strategies targeting cancer-associated glycans, such as monoclonal antibodies, antibody-drug conjugates, and nanoparticles, have the potential to improve drug delivery to tumor cells and enhance therapeutic efficacy. Nanoparticles can also be used for drug delivery in cancer therapy, including encapsulating vaccines and targeting glycoproteins or glycan-binding proteins. These strategies have significant potential for personalized treatment approaches in the pharmaceutical and clinical sectors.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Haseeb Ahsan, Salman Ul Islam, Muhammad Bilal Ahmed, Young Sup Lee
Summary: Cancer is a complex disease that can be prevented or suppressed through chemoprevention. Targeting molecules such as Nrf2, STAT3, and Src, which are involved in various pathways of cancer, can reduce oxidative stress and inflammation and stop cancer initiation and progression.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrycja Burzynska, Marlena Jodlowska, Agata Zerka, Jan Czujkowski, Ewa Jaskiewicz
Summary: A good understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in human host infection is crucial for the development of successful malaria treatments. Oligosaccharides are believed to play a significant role in the binding of Plasmodium parasites to red blood cells at different stages of host infection. Specific carbohydrate drugs and heparin-like molecules show promise as potential malaria treatments.
Review
Cell Biology
Franziska Krautter, Asif J. Iqbal
Summary: The recruitment of leukocytes is a complex process involving interactions between proteins expressed by the endothelium and circulating leukocytes. Recent research has expanded our understanding of these interactions, identifying novel lectins and regulatory pathways. Targeting glycans and glycan-binding proteins could offer new therapeutic strategies for modulating leukocyte recruitment and transmigration during inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guillermo A. Videla-Richardson, Olivia Morris-Hanon, Nicolas I. Torres, Myrian I. Esquivel, Mariana B. Vera, Luisina B. Ripari, Diego O. Croci, Gustavo E. Sevlever, Gabriel A. Rabinovich
Summary: Despite recent advances in diagnosis and treatment, glioblastoma (GBM) remains a challenging brain tumor to treat. This article discusses the role of galectins, a family of glycan-binding proteins, in GBM progression. Galectins play a crucial role in tumor cell proliferation, migration, vascularization, and immune response, and have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for GBM treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eun-Ryeong Hahm, Su-Hyeong Kim, Krishna B. Singh, Shivendra Singh
Summary: The study revealed that Withaferin A (WA) may prevent breast cancer by downregulating genes associated with cellular senescence, upregulating p21, affecting cellular response to stress, and decreasing glycolysis-related proteins. Additionally, NRF2 knockout cells were found to be more resistant to WA-induced apoptosis, suggesting a potential mechanism for WA's chemopreventive efficacy in breast cancer.
MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Ester Molina, Linda Hong, IIana Chefetz
Summary: LKB1 and AMPK alpha play crucial roles in cancer development by sensing and regulating energy requirements in tumor cells. In addition to these, there are multiple AMPK-like downstream targets of LKB1 involved in various cellular processes such as cell cycle progression, cell polarity, metabolism, and mitotic regulation.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Yun-Yi Chen, Jiao-Jiao Liang, Deng-Liang Wang, Jie-Biao Chen, Jin-Ping Cao, Yue Wang, Chong-De Sun
Summary: This article comprehensively reviews the anticancer efficacy and specific mechanisms of nobiletin and discusses the challenges and opportunities in its chemoprevention properties.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Anna Blsakova, Filip Kveton, Lenka Lorencova, Ola Blixt, Alica Vikartovska, Peter Kasak, Jan Tkac
Summary: This study presents the development of a novel SUspension Magnetic-Bead-based Assay (SUMBA) for the detection of antibodies against aberrant glycans (AGA) as potential cancer biomarkers. The SUMBA method was extensively optimised to achieve ultrasensitive detection of AGA with high recovery rates in serum samples.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomasz Gebarowski, Benita Wiatrak, Izabela Jeskowiak-Kossakowska, Magdalena Grajzer, Anna Prescha
Summary: This study evaluated the potential of genetically modified flaxseed oils in preventing colorectal cancer. The results showed that flaxseed oil B exhibited the strongest anti-proliferative properties, and M and B oils enhanced accumulation of Rhodamine 123 and increased colorectal cancer cell apoptosis. M oil had the highest levels of p53 protein. These transgenic oils showed utility as adjuvants in colorectal cancer treatment, specifically targeting the colon.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kuei-Yen Tsai, Yu-Jia Chang, Chien-Yu Huang, G. M. Shazzad Hossain Prince, Hsin-An Chen, Precious Takondwa Makondi, Ying-Rou Shen, Po-Li Wei
Summary: This study found that heavily fucosylated glycans (HFGs) are overexpressed in colorectal cancer tissues compared to normal tissues. Treatment with anti-HFG monoclonal antibody showed cytotoxic effects in colorectal cancer cells and inhibited tumor growth in a xenograft mouse model. HFGs could be a potential therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Yasuyuki Matsumoto, Tongzhong Ju
Summary: Glycosylation is a pivotal post-translational modification that plays important roles in various biological processes. In cancers, altered glycosylation known as TACAs has been found to facilitate tumor formation, progression, and metastasis. Recent studies also reveal novel roles of TACAs in modulating the tumor microenvironment. TACAs can serve as potential tumor biomarkers, glycoimmune checkpoints, and therapeutics. This review summarizes the established and promising immunotherapy-targeting TACAs, including monoclonal antibody therapy, CART therapy, and vaccination.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Cynthia L. Chow, Thomas Havighurst, Taja Lozar, Todd D. Jones, KyungMann Kim, Howard H. Bailey
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of long-term DFMO use on hearing thresholds and found an increase in hearing thresholds, especially in the lower frequency range, in subjects taking DFMO. This highlights the importance of closely monitoring hearing thresholds in individuals treated with DFMO.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xizhe Zhang, Chunyu Pan, Xinru Wei, Meng Yu, Shuangjie Liu, Jun An, Jieping Yang, Baojun Wei, Wenjun Hao, Yang Yao, Yuyan Zhu, Weixiong Zhang
Summary: The study focused on cancerous cells and genes that maintained abnormal cell growth, known as cancer-keeper genes (CKGs). Intervening CKGs can rectify aberrant cell growth, making them potential cancer therapeutic targets. In bladder cancer, all genes on the cell-cycle and p53 pathways were identified as CKGs, highlighting their importance in cancer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Inka Brockhausen, Jacob Melamed
Summary: Mucins in tumor cells exhibit abnormal glycosylation, and researchers are using these cancer-associated glycans and mucins as targets for anti-cancer immunotherapies. Various approaches have been developed to produce anti-tumor antibodies and vaccines, with limited success in extending survival seen in clinical trials. Future therapies need to consider the individual-specific epitope expression of cancer mucins for lasting anti-tumor responses.
GLYCOCONJUGATE JOURNAL
(2021)