Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Bernd Kaina
Summary: This review discusses the mechanisms of genotoxic methylating agents in the therapy of malignant gliomas, including apoptosis, necroptosis, drug-induced senescence, and autophagy. It also explores the resistance mechanisms of glioblastoma to alkylating agents and alternative therapies for overcoming chemoresistance.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Henry S. Friedman, Michael D. Prados, Patrick Y. Wen, Tom Mikkelsen, David Schiff, Lauren E. Abrey, W. K. Alfred Yung, Nina Paleologos, Martin K. Nicholas, Randy Jensen, James Vredenburgh, Jane Huang, Maoxia Zheng, Timothy Cloughesy
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of bevacizumab, alone or in combination with irinotecan, in recurrent glioblastoma patients. The results showed that bevacizumab, either alone or in combination, was well tolerated and active in treating recurrent glioblastoma.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Riccardo Serra, Antonella Mangraviti, Noah L. Gorelick, Tovi Shapira-Furman, Safwan Alomari, Arba Cecia, Namrata Darjee, Henry Brem, Yakir Rottenberg, Abraham J. Domb, Betty Tyler
Summary: This study tested a novel polymeric matrix that gradually releases ACF at the tumor bed while combining it with TMZ and XRT. The combination therapy of ACF, TMZ, and XRT reduced cell viability and induced apoptosis in glioma cells. The release of ACF was measured in vitro and in vivo, and the efficacy was established in an in vivo gliosarcoma model, showing improved median survival and long-term survival.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Stephen Ahn, Young Kim, Ja Shin, Jae-Sung Park, Changyoung Yoo, Youn Lee, Yong-Kil Hong, Sin-Soo Jeun, Seung Yang
Summary: Modified procarbazine and lomustine chemotherapy is a viable alternative for recurrent glioma with reduced toxicity and comparable clinical efficacy.
Article
Oncology
Rachel J. Keogh, Razia Aslam, Maeve A. Hennessy, Zac Coyne, Bryan T. Hennessy, Oscar S. Breathnach, Liam Grogan, Patrick G. Morris
Summary: This retrospective study at a National Neuro-Oncology center investigated the tolerability of PCV chemotherapy in routine clinical practice and found that few patients could complete all 6 cycles of treatment with common hematological toxicities observed. It may be preferable to adjust chemotherapy doses from the start or consider alternative treatment, especially in older patients with LGG.
Review
Oncology
Tamar R. Berger, Patrick Y. Wen, Melanie Lang-Orsini, Ugonma N. Chukwueke
Summary: The fifth edition of the Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System published by the World Health Organization in 2021 represents a significant improvement in the classification of brain tumors, incorporating molecular pathogenesis and histopathology to provide more accurate guidance on prognosis and therapy. This revision, particularly for gliomas, separates adult and pediatric tumors based on molecular differences and prognosis, consolidates adult-type diffuse gliomas into 3 types, and emphasizes the importance of IDH mutation status in tumor classification.
Review
Oncology
Tamar R. Berger, Patrick Y. Wen, Melanie Lang-Orsini, Ugonma N. Chukwueke
Summary: The 2021 World Health Organization central nervous system tumor classification is a major advance toward improving the diagnosis of brain tumors, providing more accurate guidance on prognosis and therapy selection, and facilitating the development of more effective treatments through enrollment of homogeneous patient populations in clinical trials.
Review
Oncology
Yifan Ma, Yue Wang, Chen Nie, Yongzhong Lin
Summary: Through a comprehensive meta-analysis, this study found that targeted therapy combined with radiotherapy and chemotherapy can improve the survival rate and progression-free survival of glioma patients to some extent.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiuhong Wei, Bolian Xiao, Liying Wang, Lanlan Zang, Fengyuan Che
Summary: The development of new therapeutic targets for glioma treatment focusing on histone modification-related proteins provides novel insights for current clinical glioma treatment. However, limitations exist in current clinical therapies and future research should focus on potential advances in disease prognosis areas.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Przemyslaw Wielgat, Natalia Wawrusiewicz-Kurylonek, Robert Czarnomysy, Karol Rogowski, Krzysztof Bielawski, Halina Car
Summary: Paired Siglecs play a role in immune homeostasis and potentially pathogenesis. Dexamethasone and temozolomide may modulate immune responses in gliomas, affecting their therapeutic efficacy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Xiaoguang Qiu, Yidong Chen, Zhaoshi Bao, Li Chen, Tao Jiang
Summary: In patients with IDH-wt/TERTp-mut grade II/III gliomas, the combination of radiotherapy and temozolomide followed by adjuvant temozolomide resulted in significantly longer overall survival compared to radiotherapy alone. Female sex was identified as a significant favorable prognostic factor.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ruben Michael Ceballos, Carson Len Stacy
Summary: A challenge in virology is quantifying relative virulence between viruses with different replication dynamics, and a new metric introduced in this study has proven to be more accurate in assessing V-R.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Maximilian J. Mair, Marjolein Geurts, Martin J. van den Bent, Anna S. Berghoff
Summary: WHO grade II-III gliomas are rare primary brain tumors with longer median survival compared to grade IV glioblastoma. Treatment involves maximal safe resection and adjuvant therapies, with challenges in conducting clinical trials due to rarity and long follow-up times. The 2016 WHO Classification introduced a molecular diagnostic framework for more homogenous subgroups. Available evidence for adjuvant treatment was generated pre-molecular era, emphasizing the need for further research in this field.
CANCER TREATMENT REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Shiao Tong, Yu Hong, Yang Xu, Qian Sun, Liguo Ye, Jiayang Cai, Zhang Ye, Qianxue Chen, Daofeng Tian
Summary: This study investigated the role of TFR2 in promoting ferroptosis and enhancing sensitivity to the chemotherapy drug TMZ in gliomas, providing new insights into potential treatment strategies for glioma patients.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Rachel S. Goodman, Seungyeon Jung, Jessica Quintos, Douglas B. Johnson
Summary: This case series suggests that nivolumab and temozolomide may be a promising option in the setting of advanced melanoma refractory to standard treatments and warrants further investigation in larger series.
Article
Oncology
Anders S. Vittrup, Kari Tanderup, Soren M. Bentzen, Nina B. K. Jensen, Sofia Spampinato, Lars U. Fokdal, Jacob C. Lindegaard, Alina Sturdza, Maximilian Schmid, Barbara Segedin, Ina M. Juergenliemk-Schulz, Kjersti Bruheim, Umesh Mahantshetty, Christine Haie-Meder, Bhavana Rai, Rachel Cooper, Elzbieta Van der Steen-Banasik, Marit Sundset, Fleur Huang, Remi A. Nout, Elena Villafranca, Erik Van Limbergen, Bradley R. Pieters, Li Tee Tan, Ludy C. H. W. Lutgens, Peter Hoskin, Richard Potter, Kathrin Kirchheiner
Summary: This report describes the persistence of late substantial treatment-related patient-reported symptoms in survivors of locally advanced cervical cancer. A subgroup of patients with persistent symptoms was identified, emphasizing the importance of distinguishing between transient and persisting symptoms in the aftercare of LACC survivors. The majority of LAPERS events occurred in patients without corresponding severe physician-assessed morbidity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Sofia Spampinato, Lars U. Fokdal, Richard Poetter, Christine Haie-Meder, Jacob C. Lindegaard, Maximilian P. Schmid, Alina Sturdza, Ina M. Jurgenliemk-Schulz, Umesh Mahantshetty, Barbara Segedin, Kjersti Bruheim, Peter Hoskin, Bhavana Rai, Fleur Huang, Rachel Cooper, Elzbieta van der Steen-Banasik, Erik Van Limbergen, Marit Sundset, Henrike Westerveld, Remi A. Nout, Nina B. K. Jensen, Christian Kirisits, Kathrin Kirchheiner, Kari Tanderup
Summary: The study on locally advanced cervical cancer patients revealed that baseline morbidity and overweight/obesity are risk factors for urinary frequency and incontinence. Additionally, elderly patients are more prone to incontinence, while patients receiving conformal-radiotherapy are more likely to experience frequency.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Sofia Spampinato, Lars U. Fokdal, Richard Poetter, Christine Haie-Meder, Jacob C. Lindegaard, Maximilian P. Schmid, Alina Sturdza, Ina M. Jurgenliemk-Schulz, Umesh Mahantshetty, Barbara Segedin, Kjersti Bruheim, Peter Hoskin, Bhavana Rai, Fleur Huang, Rachel Cooper, Elzbieta van der Steen-Banasik, Erik Van Limbergen, Marit Sundset, Henrike Westerveld, Remi A. Nout, Nina B. K. Jensen, Christian Kirisits, Kathrin Kirchheiner, Kari Tanderup
Summary: This study aimed to identify patient- and treatment-related risk factors for complications in locally advanced cervical cancer patients receiving radiotherapy and IGABT. The results showed that baseline urinary morbidity and overweight/obesity were significant risk factors for most endpoints, and a dose-effect was established with bladder D-2cm3 for fistula, bleeding, and cystitis.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Letter
Oncology
Sofia Spampinato, Lars U. Fokdal, Richard Poetter, Christine Haie-Meder, Jacob C. Lindegaard, Maximilian P. Schmid, Alina Sturdza, Ina M. Jurgenliemk-Schulz, Umesh Mahantshetty, Barbara Segedin, Kjersti Bruheim, Peter Hoskin, Bhavana Rai, Fleur Huang, Rachel Cooper, Elzbieta van der Steen-banasik, Erik Van Limbergen, Marit Sundset, Henrike Westerveld, Remi A. Nout, Nina B. K. Jensen, Christian Kirisits, Kathrin Kirchheiner, Kari Tanderup
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Supriya Chopra, Akshay Mangaj, Alisha Sharma, Li Tee Tan, Alina Sturdza, Ina Jurgenliemk-Schulz, Kathy Han, Fleur Huang, Maximilian P. Schmid, Lars Fokdal, Cyrus Chargari, Tamara Diendorfer, Kari Tanderup, Richard Potter, Remi A. Nout
Summary: This study investigated the current management of oligo-metastatic and oligo-recurrent cervical cancer within EMBRACE research group participating sites. Results showed that while contemporary practice varies, a significant proportion of centers consider the use of high dose radiation, highlighting the need for joint clinical protocols and prospective studies in this area.
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Stephanie Smet, Sofia Spampinato, Richard Poetter, Ina M. Juergenliemk-Schulz, Remi A. Nout, Cyrus Chargari, Umesh Mahantshetty, Alina Sturdza, Barbara Segedin, Kjersti Bruheim, Peter Hoskin, Bhavana Rai, Fleur Huang, Rachel Cooper, Elzbieta Van der Steen-Banasik, Marit Sundset, Erik Van Limbergen, Li Tee Tan, Ludy C. H. W. Lutgens, Elena Villafranca, Bradley R. Pieters, Kari Tanderup, Kathrin Kirchheiner
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate risk factors for late persistent fatigue in patients with advanced cervical cancer. The results showed that baseline fatigue, age, obesity, and radiation dose and volume were associated with late persistent fatigue.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jacob Christian Lindegaard, Primoz Petric, Maximilian Paul Schmid, Nicole Nesvacil, Christine Haie-Meder, Lars Ulrik Fokdal, Alina Emiliana Sturdza, Peter Hoskin, Umesh Mahantshetty, Barbara Segedin, Kjersti Bruheim, Fleur Huang, Bhavana Rai, Rachel Cooper, Elzbieta van der Steen-Banasik, Erik Van Limbergen, Bradley Rumwell Pieters, Li-Tee Tan, Remi A. Nout, Astrid Agatha Catharina De Leeuw, Kathrin Kirchheiner, Sofia Spampinato, Ina Juergenliemk-Schulz, Kari Tanderup, Christian Kirisits, Richard Poetter
Summary: The study validated a simple scoring system (TS) in a multicenter setting, which has the capability to predict local control and survival in locally advanced cervical cancer treated with chemoradiation and MRI-guided brachytherapy. TS regression during initial chemoradiation was found to be significant in predicting outcomes related to BT technique, dose-volume histogram parameters, local control, survival, and morbidity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Aswin Abraham, Karan Paul Sanghera, Farshid Gheisari, Stella Koumna, Terence Riauka, Sunita Ghosh, Heather Warkentin, Zsolt Gabos, Susan Chafe, Keith Tankel, Fleur Huang, Siham Sabri, David Ian Paterson, Bassam Abdulkarim, Kurian Joseph
Summary: Myocardial perfusion defects after breast radiation therapy correlate with the volume of irradiated left ventricle. However, changes in perfusion are not associated with late cardiac events, while LV dose-volumes are correlated with late cardiac events.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Braden Chow, Brad Warkentin, Kareena Nanda, Sunita Ghosh, Fleur Huang, Armin M. Gamper, Geetha Menon
Summary: This article presents an in vitro experimental study that aims to quantify the radiobiological parameters in brachytherapy dose prescriptions. The results show differences between the conventionally selected and experimentally determined values for the alpha/beta ratio and halftime of repair.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Judith C. Hugh, Lacey S. J. Haddon, John Maringa Githaka, Gilbert Bigras, Xiuying Hu, Brittney Madden, John Hanson, Zsolt Gabos, Nadia V. Giannakopoulos, Fleur Huang, Mary M. Hitt, Kirk J. McManus, David Olson, Kelly Dabbs, John R. Mackey
Summary: Estrogen is known to promote the growth of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancers. However, hormone replacement therapy with estrogen-only has been shown to reduce the incidence and mortality of low grade, ER+, HER2- breast cancer. A clinical trial conducted on post-menopausal women showed that estradiol treatment decreased proliferation and altered gene expression in low-grade, ER+, HER2- breast cancer. The study also identified the involvement of the DREAM pathway in estrogen-induced cell cycle arrest.
Article
Biology
Braden Chow, Brad Warkentin, Malcolm McEwen, Fleur Huang, Kareena Nanda, Armin M. Gamper, Geetha Menon
Summary: Clonogenic assays are widely used to measure cell clonogenic survival and quantify a cell line's radiosensitivity. This study quantified uncertainties associated with clonogenic assays using a Cs-137 irradiator and a brachytherapy after-loader in vitro radiation delivery apparatus (BAIRDA). The results showed that the clonogenic assay is subject to uncertainties that affect the determination of the surviving fraction, and dose delivery uncertainties were also identified. The study highlights the importance of understanding and reducing uncertainties in experimental analysis.
RADIATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Alborz Jooya, Kota Talla, Randy Wei, Fleur Huang, Kristopher Dennis, Marc Gaudet
Summary: This study reviewed the evidence for the utilization and efficacy of brachytherapy in palliating cancer symptoms. Despite limited high-level evidence, brachytherapy had a positive effect on symptom palliation across various tumor types. Common symptom indications included dysphagia, dyspnea, pain, and bleeding.
Article
Pathology
Emily F. Thompson, Jutta Huvila, Amy Jamieson, Samuel Leung, Amy Lum, Saul Offman, Alice Lytwyn, Mona Lisa Sur, Lynn Hoang, Julie Irving, Nicholas van der Westhuizen, Chantale Morin, Cyrille Bicamumpaka, Nazilla Azordegan, Francois Gougeon, Kaoutar Ennour-Idrissi, Janine Senz, Melissa K. McConechy, Rosalia Aguirre-Hernandez, Victoria Lui, Carolyn Kuo, Cassidy Bell, Taylor Salisbury, James Lawson, Ellen He, Shanzhao Wang, Derek Chiu, Sarah Kean, Vanessa Samouelian, Shannon Salvador, Walter Gotlieb, Limor Helpman, Stephanie Scott, Christoph Wohlmuth, Danielle Vicus, Marie Plante, Aline Talhouk, David Huntsman, Carlos Parra-Herran, Mary Kinloch, Katherine Grondin, C. Blake Gilks, Jessica N. McAlpine
Summary: We evaluated the diagnostic pathology practice for endometrial cancer in Canada in 2016 and explored how molecular classification could impact patient management. The study revealed significant variation in the use of immunohistochemistry (IHC) for MMR and p53 proteins, highlighting the need for improvement and standardization of biomarker reporting. Molecular subtype was found to be associated with clinical outcomes, indicating the potential therapeutic implications of molecular subtyping in endometrial cancer.
Article
Oncology
Maximilian C. Schmid, Jacob Lindegaard, Umesh Mahantshetty, Kari Tanderup, Ina Jurgenliemk-Schulz, Christine U. Haie-Meder, Lars Fokdal, Alina Sturdza, Peter Hoskin, Barbara Segedin, Kjersti Bruheim, Fleur Huang, Bhavana Rai, Rachel Cooper, Elzbieta van der Steen-Banasik, Erik R. Van Limbergen, Bradley Pieters, Primoz Petric, Dariga Ramazanova, Robin Ristl, Sadhana Kannan, Rohini Hawaldar, Stefan Ecker, Kathrin Kirchheiner, Li Tee Tan, Remi Nout, Nicole Nesvacil, Astrid de Leeuw, Richard Poetter, Christian Kirisits
Summary: This study reports the clinical and treatment characteristics, remission and failure patterns, and risk factors for local failure (LF) in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer. The study demonstrates the safety and validity of MR-IGABT and provides evidence for dose prescription and new risk factors for LF.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Richard Potter, Kari Tanderup, Maximilian Paul Schmid, Ina Jurgenliemk-Schulz, Christine Haie-Meder, Lars Ulrik Fokdal, Alina Emiliana Sturdza, Peter Hoskin, Umesh Mahantshetty, Barbara Segedin, Kjersti Bruheim, Fleur Huang, Bhavana Rai, Rachel Cooper, Elzbieta Van der Steen-Banasik, Erik Van Limbergen, Bradley Rumwell Pieters, Li-Tee Tan, Remi Abubakar Nout, Astrid Agatha Catharina De Leeuw, Robin Ristl, Primoz Petric, Nicole Nesvacil, Kathrin Kirchheiner, Christian Kirisits, Jacob Christian Lindegaard
Summary: The EMBRACE-I study demonstrated that chemoradiotherapy and MRI-guided adaptive brachytherapy resulted in effective and stable long-term local control in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer, with limited severe morbidity.