Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
N. K. Morgan, G. A. Gomes, J. C. Kim
Summary: This study indicates that both stimbiotic and the combination of xylanase and beta-glucanase help mitigate the antinutritive effects of non-starch polysaccharides in wheat-barley based diets, resulting in improved broiler performance. However, supplementation with stimbiotic shows a comparatively greater positive effect on non-starch polysaccharides hydrolysis and short-chain fatty acid production.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
M. S. F. Oliveira, C. D. Espinosa, L. Blavi, M. Mortada, F. N. Almeida, H. H. Stein
Summary: This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of adding an enzyme premix containing xylanase and glucanase to the diets of growing pigs. The results showed that the addition of enzymes improved the digestibility of energy and digestible energy in the diets, regardless of the grain source or the inclusion of co-products. However, the addition of enzymes had no effect on the digestibility of total dietary fiber. The inclusion of co-products decreased the average daily gain and gain to feed ratio in the pigs. Overall, the enzyme mixture used in this experiment has the potential to improve the digestibility of energy in pig diets.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Basheer Nusairat, Jeng-Jie Wang
Summary: Xylanase enzymes are used in poultry feed to reduce feed cost, improve performance, and maintain gut health. This study found that supplementation of xylanase in broiler diets can improve live performance, reduce intestinal lesion scores, and decrease Clostridium perfringens excretion in litter samples. The highest reduction in C. perfringens CFU/g was observed in broilers fed NC + 15 treatment.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. R. Vinyard, A. Ravelo, E. Sarmikasoglou, H. F. Monteiro, J. A. Arce-Cordero, M. L. Johnson, B. C. Agustinho, R. R. Lobo, M. G. Yungmann, A. H. R. Winter, L. M. Gilbertsen, M. N. Mills, M. Soltis, L. G. Ghizzi, J. O. Gusmao, L. F. Ferraretto, A. P. Faciola
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of adding amylolytic or fibrolytic enzymes to the diet of high-producing dairy cows on in vitro ruminal fermentation. The results showed that these enzymes did not significantly improve ruminal fermentation.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jian Wang, Heng Cao, Chengling Bao, Yajing Liu, Bing Dong, Chunlin Wang, Zhenda Shang, Yunhe Cao, Suozhu Liu
Summary: Xylanase has been shown to improve growth performance of broilers fed wheat- or corn-based diets by degrading arabinoxylans. Comparing effects of xylanase on cecal microbiota of broilers fed corn- or wheat-based diets revealed that xylanase supplementation primarily influenced bacterial community clustering based on cereal grains rather than the enzyme itself. Xylanase supplementation to wheat-based diets increased beneficial bacteria and decreased harmful bacteria, while in corn-based diets, it mainly inhibited potentially pathogenic bacteria and only slightly affected the abundance of beneficial bacteria, possibly due to lower content of arabinoxylans in corn compared to wheat.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jian Wang, Sujie Liu, Jiayu Ma, Xiangshu Piao
Summary: Xylanase supplementation can improve growth performance and intestinal health of broilers, especially showing more pronounced effects in young broilers. Additionally, xylanase has positive effects on intestinal morphology and immune function of broilers, while alleviating excess bacterial fermentation.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Defu Tang, Baolong Du, Xuan Wang, Fang Nian, Zhaoguo Shi
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of supplementation with amylase or amylase + xylanase in newly harvested maize-based diets on broiler nutrient metabolism and performance. The results showed that amylase supplementation improved broiler growth performance at 1-21 days of age, while amylase + xylanase supplementation increased apparent metabolizable energy and growth performance at 22-42 days of age. The findings suggest that amylase + xylanase supplementation is an effective method to improve the nutritional value of newly harvested maize for broilers.
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Marcos Elias Duarte, Chris Sparks, Sung Woo Kim
Summary: This study found that gradually increasing dietary beta-glucanase levels in pig feed can modulate the jejunal mucosa-associated microbiota by increasing the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria. Additionally, this modulation can help improve the apparent ileal digestibility of crude protein and increase the apparent total tract digestibility of gross energy in the diet, while reducing systemic inflammation in pigs.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. G. Anderson, P. L. Utterback, C. M. Parsons
Summary: The precision-fed rooster assay was used to evaluate the effects of carbohydrase enzymes on the true metabolizable energy of poultry feed. The results showed that the addition of carbohydrase enzymes significantly increased the metabolizable energy of the feed.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Brad Gorenz, Vanessa Iseri, Jon Rubach, Ryan N. Dilger
Summary: This study examined the effects of graded supplementation of a thermostable xylanase on the growth performance of broiler chickens. The results showed that the addition of xylanase improved growth performance, reduced digesta viscosity, and increased the energy content of the diets.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Abiodun Bello, Rafael Duran Gimenez-Rico, Saad Gilani, Bart C. Hillen, Kyle M. Venter, Peter Plumstead, Yueming Dersjant-Lit
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of applying an energy and nutrient matrix with a novel consensus bacterial 6-phytase variant and xylanase-b-glucanase to a wheat-corn-soybean meal-based diet on growth performance, bone mineralization, carcass weights, feed costs, and carbon footprint. The results showed that the addition improved growth performance and bone mineralization, while reducing feed costs and carbon footprint.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Eunjoo Kim, Amy F. Moss, Natalie K. Morgan, Kosar Gharib-Naseri, Peter Ader, Mingan Choct
Summary: The present study investigated the effect of supplementing fibre-degrading enzymes on the severity of subclinical necrotic enteritis (NE) in broiler chickens offered wheat- or maize-based diets. The findings showed that adding fibre-degrading enzymes can alleviate the negative impact of NE on growth performance in birds, and the type of diet and enzyme supplementation affect growth performance and digesta viscosity in the birds.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Xingbo Liu, Kun Xing, Ran Ning, Sergi Carne, Xingqiang Wu, Wei Nie
Summary: The experiments showed that enzyme supplementation improved the digestibility of calcium and ileal digestibility of total amino acids in broiler chickens. Additionally, enzyme inclusion increased the digestibility of crude protein, gross energy, raffinose, and stachyose, improved average daily gain, and reduced chyme viscosity in the jejunum. These results support the positive effects of enzyme supplementation on nutrients digestibility and growth performance in broiler chickens.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Carlos B. Rabello, Manuel J. Costa, Wedson C. L. Nogueira, Jose Guilherme Barbosa, Juan Carlos Rios-Alva, Craig L. Wyatt, Tara W. York, Martina P. Serrano, Edgar Orlando Oviedo-Rondon
Summary: This experiment evaluated the interactive effects of xylanase, amino acid density, and additional fat on the growth performance, energy utilization, and digestibility of broilers. The results showed that different combinations of additives may have significant effects on broiler growth, but dietary amino acid density and additional fat did not markedly influence the response to xylanase in maize-based diets.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Peter Chrystal, Shiva Greenhalgh, Bernard McInerney, Leon R. McQuade, Yeasmin Akter, Juliano Cesar de Paula Dorigam, Peter H. Selle, Sonia Yun Liu
Summary: The hypothesis that maize-based diets are more conducive to crude protein reductions than wheat-based diets was unequivocally established in the study. Providing 165 g/kg CP maize-based diets to broiler chickens led to more acceptable growth performance compared to 222 g/kg CP counterparts, with significant advantages in weight gain and feed intake. On the other hand, 165 g/kg CP ground wheat-based diets supported highly unsatisfactory growth performances compared to wheat-based diets.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Tom Dale, Michael R. Bedford, Gregory A. Tucker, John M. Brameld, Tim Parr
Summary: This study found that fibrolytic enzymes have some specificity for certain cereals in terms of the degradation products and generation of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) and monosaccharides. Optimizing enzyme combinations based on cereal types may help maximize feed efficiency in livestock.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Tom Dale, Michael R. Bedford, Julie King, Gregory A. Tucker, John M. Brameld, Tim Parr
Summary: This study investigated the efficacy of different enzyme-wheat variety combinations and found that fibrolytic enzymes have different effects on various wheat varieties. These findings suggest the possibility of optimizing the combination of wheat variety and enzyme in animal feeds to improve feed efficiency in livestock.
ANIMAL FEED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
L. S. David, M. R. Abdollahi, M. R. Bedford, V. Ravindran
Summary: An experiment was conducted to determine the digestible calcium and phosphorus requirements of broiler chickens. The results showed that a combination of 3.5 g/kg digestible phosphorus and 3.0-3.5 g/kg digestible calcium resulted in optimal weight gain and tibia ash. This study provides important guidance for the nutrition and formulation of diets for broiler chickens.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ashraf Alkhtib, Philippe Wilson, Mike R. Bedford, Helen Nell Masey O'Neill, Emily Burton
Summary: This systematic review investigates the relevance of existing life cycle analysis (LCA) and environmental assessment studies in informing sustainable poultry meat production strategies. A Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) was conducted on articles published from 2000 to 2020, covering LCA studies on meat poultry strains, poultry manure emission, and environmental assessments of plant-based feed ingredients. The review found that there is a lack of reliable in vivo data to support the use of existing studies for guiding nutritional strategies and poultry meat production.
Article
Immunology
Anisha M. Thanki, Steven Hooton, Natasha Whenham, Michael G. Salter, Mike R. Bedford, Helen V. Masey O'Neill, Martha R. J. Clokie
Summary: This study showed that adding a phage cocktail to chicken feed effectively reduced Salmonella colonization in chickens, with the optimal dose of phage being 10(5) PFU/day. By the end of the study, no Salmonella was detected in the group that received phage at this dose. Phage treatment also improved the growth performance of challenged birds.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Clay J. Maynard, Craig W. Maynard, Garrett J. Mullenix, Alison Ramser, Elizabeth S. Greene, Mike R. Bedford, Sami Dridi
Summary: This study investigated the effect of heat stress and exogenous phytase supplementation on growth performance, muscle myopathy incidence, and meat quality in broilers. Heat stress significantly affected body temperature, feed intake, body weight, water intake, blood parameters, and meat quality. Exogenous phytase supplementation improved growth performance and reduced muscle myopathy incidence under normal temperature conditions, but increased muscle myopathy incidence under heat stress conditions.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Laura Shiromi David, M. Naveed Anwar, M. Reza Abdollahi, Michael R. Bedford, Velmurugu Ravindran
Summary: Calcium is crucial for poultry nutrition, but the current concern is the oversupply of calcium rather than a deficiency. Recent changes in feed formulas have prompted closer examination of digestible calcium, as it is interrelated with phosphorus absorption and utilization. Data on the digestibility of calcium and phosphorus in feed ingredients have been determined, and preliminary data on the requirements for different growth stages of broilers have become available. This review focuses on these recent advances in calcium nutrition, as well as homeostatic control mechanisms, different calcium sources, and factors influencing calcium digestibility in poultry.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
H. K. Zanu, M. Iddrisu, B. G. Fosu, H. K. Ketemepi, M. R. Bedford
Summary: High phytic acid and fine oyster shell particle size improve growth performance of broilers, while low phytic acid and coarse oyster shell particle size promote bone health.
BRITISH POULTRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Colleen R. Sprigg, Philip T. A. Leftwich, Emily Burton, Dawn Scholey, Michael R. Bedford, Charles A. Brearley
Summary: Inert digestibility index markers like titanium dioxide are commonly used in poultry feeding trials. However, the use of titanium dioxide in cell biology for enrichment of inositol phosphates suggests that its use as an inert marker may not be as inert as assumed. Our experiment showed no significant difference in the effect of phytase inclusion in the presence or absence of titanium dioxide, indicating that its inclusion in feed does not interfere with the recovery of inositol phosphates from digesta samples.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. Simic, G. Gonzalez-Ortiz, S. C. Mansbridge, S. P. Rose, M. R. Bedford, D. Yovchev, V. R. Pirgozliev
Summary: A study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary fiber, xylanase, xylooligosaccharides, and their combination on chicken growth performance and nutrient utilization. The results showed that the combination of xylanase and xylooligosaccharides improved feed conversion efficiency and weight gain, while the inclusion of dietary fiber had negative effects on nutrient utilization. Additionally, the addition of dietary fiber increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acids in the cecum.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Mohammad Houshyar, Ali Asghar Saki, Mohammad Yousef Alikhani, Michael Richard Bedford, Meysam Soleimani, Farideh Kamarehei
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of a laboratory 3-phytase and a commercial 6-phytase, alone and in combination, on broilers. The addition of Lab-Phy increased the phosphorus and calcium content in the tibia, while Com-Phy alone and in combination with Lab-Phy further increased the phosphorus and calcium content. The expression of NaPi-IIb in the duodenum was influenced by the reduction of nonphytate phosphorus and the addition of phytase. Broilers fed the negative control diet had the lowest body weight, villi characteristics, Newcastle disease antibody titer, and nutrient digestibility. Supplementation with phytases improved growth performance, intestinal characteristics, immune response, and nutrient digestibility in broilers receiving the negative control diet.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
I. M. Whiting, V. Pirgozliev, M. R. Bedford
Summary: The present study aimed to determine the xylan fractions of 10 wheat cultivars and their response to treatment by the same commercial xylanase enzyme preparation. Information obtained was used to select 5 wheats for a feeding experiment to predict the feeding value based on the rate of xylan release. Treatment with the same enzyme resulted in varying levels of hydrolysis, and the addition of xylanase improved weight gain and feed conversion ratio.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Edwin T. Moran, Michael R. Bedford
Summary: Endogenous protein leaving the ileum largely consists of accrued mucins from the upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that had resisted digestion. The amounts released rely on their mucosal generation during enteral feeding which vary with age as well as diet. These digestion resistant proteins of endogenous origin continue to be unavailable in the large intestine, whereas those of dietary origin provide amino acids that largely support the existing microbial population while denying limited amounts for absorption.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
An Bautil, Michael R. Bedford, Johan Buyse, Christophe M. Courtin
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of reduced-particle size wheat bran and endoxylanases as feed additives in stimulating arabinoxylan hydrolysis and fermentation in young broilers. The results showed that the addition of endoxylanase increased arabinoxylan solubilization and fermentation. Adding reduced-particle size wheat bran improved the utilization of wheat arabinoxylan. However, at 28 days, the addition of reduced-particle size wheat bran reduced body weight gain but increased butyric acid concentrations.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Namalika D. Karunaratne, Henry L. Classen, Andrew G. van Kessel, Michael R. Bedford, Nancy P. Ames, Rex W. Newkirk
Summary: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of diet medication and beta-glucanase on digesta soluble beta-glucan depolymerization, carbohydrate fermentation, and performance of coccidiosis-vaccinated broiler chickens. The results showed that beta-glucanase reduced the molecular weight of beta-glucan, decreased ileal viscosity, and reduced the concentration of short-chain fatty acids, while diet medication had minimal effects on carbohydrate fermentation.