Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nauf Bou Antoun, Athina-Myrto Chioni
Summary: Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Drug resistance, whether intrinsic or acquired, plays a crucial role in cancer relapse. Various factors and signaling pathways are involved in the development of drug resistance, and a deeper understanding of these mechanisms is necessary to improve cancer treatment outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Karim H. Saba, Valeria Difilippo, Michal Kovac, Louise Cornmark, Linda Magnusson, Jenny Nilsson, Hilda van den Bos, Diana C. J. Spierings, Mahtab Bidgoli, Tord Jonson, Vaiyapuri P. Sumathi, Otte Brosjoe, Johan Staaf, Floris Foijer, Emelie Styring, Michaela Nathrath, Daniel Baumhoer, Karolin H. Nord
Summary: TP53 is a frequently mutated gene in human cancer. In the study of osteosarcoma, a primary bone malignancy, it was found that TP53 structural variants commonly result in loss of coding parts of the gene while simultaneously preserving and relocating the promoter region. The transferred TP53 promoter region is fused to genes previously implicated in cancer development, and paradoxically, these upregulated genes are significantly associated with the TP53 signalling pathway itself.
JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Juanjuan Luo, Pei Liu, Chunjiao Lu, Wanping Bian, Dongsheng Su, Chenchen Zhu, Shaolin Xie, Yihang Pan, Ningning Li, Wei Cui, De-Sheng Pei, Xiaojun Yang
Summary: The molecular pathogenesis of glioblastoma is critical for human gliomagenesis, with RTK/Ras/PI3K, RB, and TP53 pathways playing key roles. Using transgenic zebrafish with single or multiple gene deletions, researchers induced gliomagenesis and found that nf1 mutation alone had low efficiency, but combined deletions of nf1;tp53 and rb1;tp53 resulted in higher tumor incidences with advanced histology. Bioinformatics analysis revealed alterations in critical pathways like RTK/Ras/PI3K, cell cycle, and focal adhesion, highlighting their importance in gliomagenesis initiation and development. Tumors in zebrafish models showed significant similarities to human gliomas, and temozolomide treatment effectively suppressed gliomagenesis, mimicking responses seen in clinical glioma treatment. This study provides a potential tool for genetically studying gliomagenesis and screening targeted anti-tumor compounds for glioma treatment.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Juanjuan Luo, Pei Liu, Chunjiao Lu, Wanping Bian, Dongsheng Su, Chenchen Zhu, Shaolin Xie, Yihang Pan, Ningning Li, Wei Cui, De-Sheng Pei, Xiaojun Yang
Summary: The research indicates that combined deletions of nf1, tp53, and rb1 genes in zebrafish greatly promote gliomagenesis, with these glioma models showing relevance to temozolomide treatment.
Article
Hematology
Mehrnoosh Tashakori, Tapan Kadia, Sanam Loghavi, Naval Daver, Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna, Sherry Pierce, Dawen Sui, Peng Wei, Farnoosh Khodakarami, Zhenya Tang, Mark Routbort, Carol A. Bivins, Elias J. Jabbour, L. Jeffrey Medeiros, Kapil Bhalla, Hagop M. Kantarjian, Farhad Ravandi, Joseph D. Khoury
Summary: Mutant TP53 is a risk factor in AML, but there is limited analysis of TP53 alterations in AML patients. Our study analyzed TP53 mutational status, copy number, and protein expression in AML patients and identified different hotspots and novel pathogenic variants involving TP53 splice sites. We found TP53 CN loss in TP53-mutated AML cases and copy neutral loss of heterozygosity in AML patients with intact TP53 CN. We also demonstrated that mutant p53 protein expression patterns can provide a readout that integrates TP53 mutation and allelic states in AML patients, regardless of TP53 CN status. Additionally, genomic analysis of comutations in TP53-mutant AML showed mutations in genes involved in epigenetic regulation, RAS/MAPK signaling, and RNA splicing. This study provides insights for risk stratification of AML patients based on integrated molecular and protein-level TP53 analyses.
Article
Hematology
Ayalew Tefferi, Farah Fleti, Onyee Chan, Najla H. Al Ali, Aref Al-Kali, Kebede H. Begna, James M. Foran, Talha Badar, Nandita Khera, Mithun Shah, Devendra Hiwase, Eric Padron, David A. Sallman, Animesh Pardanani, Daniel A. Arber, Attilio Orazi, Kaaren K. Reichard, Rong He, Rhett P. Ketterling, Naseema Gangat, Rami Komrokji
Summary: In MDS patients with del(5q), therapy-related setting and TP53 variant allele frequency >=22% were identified as independent risk factors for survival. This information may inform treatment decision-making in MDS-del(5q).
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shui Liu, Shuai Geng, Ning Shi, Lili Zhang, Wenxin Xue, Yiwen Li, Kai Jiang
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the impact of single gene mutation status of KRAS, EGFR, and TP53 on the therapeutic effect of ICIs in cancer patients. The results showed that single gene mutation of KRAS, EGFR, or TP53 could significantly improve the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients receiving ICIs, but the degree of improvement varied.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Zedong Jiang, Gaoming Liao, Yiran Yang, Yujia Lan, Liwen Xu, Min Yan, Yao Zhou, Jiali Zhu, Wei Liu, Jing Bai, Yun Xiao, Xia Li
Summary: In cancer cells, mutational processes lead to various somatic mutations, with some processes causing frequent mutations in cancer genes, while others result in non-driver mutations. Additionally, specific mutations are induced by certain mutational processes, leading to dysregulation of cancer signaling pathways. The APOBEC mutational process also disrupts DNA repair pathways.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aida Dama, Chiara Baggio, Carlotta Boscaro, Mattia Albiero, Andrea Cignarella
Summary: Estrogen receptor activity plays a crucial role in mediating various physiological processes in the cardiovascular system. Gender and hormonal factors have significant impacts on endothelial biology, particularly in cardiometabolic risk post-menopause. Additionally, estrogen pathways regulate angiogenesis through complex mechanisms and influence other cell types like monocytes and macrophages, offering potential therapeutic solutions for cardiovascular diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Deepa Sharma, Gregory J. Czarnota
Summary: Sphingolipids play critical roles in determining cell fate, with ceramides promoting cell death and sphingosine promoting cell survival and angiogenesis. Vascular-targeted therapies can increase ceramide levels in endothelial cells, leading to apoptosis and tumor cure. On the other hand, blocking ceramide generation can reverse this process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Genevieve A. Secker, Natasha L. Harvey
Summary: The importance of lymphatic vessels in human diseases, the initiation of lymphatic vascular development during embryogenesis, and the role of VEGF/VEGFR signaling in driving the construction of lymphatic vessels were discussed in this review.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Flore-Anne Pain, Guillaume Beinse, Henri Azais, Marie Auvray-Kuentz, Louis-Marie Garcin, Nicolas Delanoy, Enrica Bentivegna, Louise Benoit, Huyen-Thu Nguyen-Xuan, Helene Blons, Emmanuelle Fabiano, Marie-Aude L. E. Frere Belda, Anne-Sophie Bats, Meriem Koual
Summary: This study retrospectively investigated the patterns of recurrence and prognosis of patients with recurrent TP53 mutated endometrial carcinoma. The results showed that TP53 mutated patients had the worst recurrence free survival and overall survival, with a higher risk of recurrence during the first three years and a higher incidence of peritoneal recurrence. These findings suggest that TP53 status could be useful in defining follow-up strategies.
Article
Cell Biology
Feng Zhang, Wenhui Zhong, Honghao Li, Kaijun Huang, Min Yu, Yubin Liu
Summary: TP53 mutation is a critical driver mutation in pancreatic cancer, and a prognostic TP53-associated signature based on differentially expressed genes has been developed and validated in multiple patient cohorts. Patients in the low-risk group of the signature have better prognosis and lower immune activity, while those in the high-risk group show poor survival and enhanced response to certain chemotherapeutic agents. Overall, the TP53-associated signature is a novel prognostic biomarker and predictive indicator of pancreatic cancer.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Abigayle B. Simon, Cassandra C. Derella, Marsha Blackburn, Jeffrey Thomas, Lawrence C. Layman, Matthew S. Nicholson, Jennifer Waller, Ahmed Elmarakby, Karim M. Saad, Ryan A. Harris
Summary: The study found that women with type 1 diabetes have higher levels of estradiol in the late follicular phase, leading to increased oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. The use of oral contraceptive pills appears to benefit endothelial function in patients with type 1 diabetes.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Juan Feng, Yang Lan, Feng Liu, Ye Yuan, Jia Ge, Sen Wei, Hu Luo, Jianjun Li, Tao Luo, Xiuwu Bian
Summary: The genomic instability/homologous recombination deficiency (GI/HRD) score has prognostic value in lung adenocarcinoma, particularly when combined with TP53 status, but is not applicable for all types of lung cancer.
NPJ PRECISION ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Arash Kia, Prem Timsina, Himanshu N. Joshi, Eyal Klang, Rohit R. Gupta, Robert M. Freeman, David L. Reich, Max S. Tomlinson, Joel T. Dudley, Roopa Kohli-Seth, Madhu Mazumdar, Matthew A. Levin
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Editorial Material
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ksenia Gorbenko, Himanshu Joshi, Serena Zhan
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Prathamesh Parchure, Himanshu Joshi, Kavita Dharmarajan, Robert Freeman, David L. Reich, Madhu Mazumdar, Prem Timsina, Arash Kia
Summary: This study developed and validated a model for predicting near-term in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients using a machine learning algorithm. The model utilized time-series inpatient data including vital signs, laboratory data, and ECG results. The results showed that the model had good performance and could reliably predict near-term mortality. Implementing such a model in hospitals can improve care and align clinical decisions with prognosis for critically ill COVID-19 patients.
BMJ SUPPORTIVE & PALLIATIVE CARE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Himanshu Joshi, Sylvia Lin, Kezhen Fei, Anne S. Renteria, Hannah Jacobs, Madhu Mazumdar, Sundar Jagannath, Nina A. Bickell
Summary: The study found disparities and unplanned interruptions in the treatment of multiple myeloma patients, which were associated with age, race, ethnicity, and insurance type. Underuse and interruptions in treatment may affect patient survival rates, suggesting a need to address these issues.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Himanshu Joshi
JCO ONCOLOGY PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Alberto Martini, Menggang Yu, Daniele Raggi, Himanshu Joshi, Giuseppe Fallara, Francesco Montorsi, Andrea Necchi, Matthew D. Galsky
Summary: This study integrated the results of two studies exploring the effect of adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibition (aCPI) in high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial cancer through a network meta-analysis approach. The results showed that patients receiving aCPI had better disease-free survival. Additionally, simulation results found that informative censoring could potentially impact the results in the observation arm, with fewer patients being censored at random potentially leading to unobserved improvements in disease-free survival.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Elaine Cha, Noah J. Mathis, Himanshu Joshi, Sonam Sharma, Melissa Zinovoy, Meng Ru, Oren Cahlon, Erin F. Gillespie, Deborah C. Marshall
Summary: This study aimed to identify predictors of patient experience scores in radiation therapy. The results showed that improving waiting times can lead to higher patient experience scores, while physician gender was not associated with patient experience outcomes. However, further research is needed to understand the effects of physician gender on patient experience scores.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
George Mellgard, Vaibhav G. Patrel, Xiaobo Zhong, Himanshu Joshi, Qian Qin, Bo Wang, Anish Parikh, Tomi Jun, Parissa Alerasool, Philip Garcia, Mahalya Gogerly-Moragoda, Amanda Leiter, Emily J. Gallagher, William K. Oh, Matthew D. Galsky, Che-Kai Tsao
Summary: This study found that concurrent use of beta-blockade medication (BB) can enhance the clinical activity and overall survival of patients receiving immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy for advanced solid tumors, particularly in patients with urothelial carcinoma.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Melanie Besculides, Madhu Mazumdar, Sydney Phlegar, Robert Freeman, Sara Wilson, Himanshu Joshi, Arash Kia, Ksenia Gorbenko
Summary: This study evaluates the implementation of a machine learning-based clinical decision support system (CDSS) that predicts hospital patients at high risk for malnutrition and identifies best implementation practices applicable to this and other ML-based CDSS. The findings suggest that continuous involvement of stakeholders is vital to ensure buy-in and qualitative research is important in identifying potential bias of ML tools and ensuring health equity. Ongoing collaboration among CDSS developers, data scientists, and clinical providers may help refine CDSS for optimal use and improve CDSS acceptability in the clinical context.
JMIR FORMATIVE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Adriana M. Pedraza, Sneha Parekh, Himanshu Joshi, Ralph Grauer, Vinayak Wagaskar, Laura Zuluaga, Raghav Gupta, Flora Barthe, Jordan Nasri, Krunal Pandav, Dhruti Patel, Michael A. Gorin, Mani Menon, Ashutosh K. Tewari
Summary: A study developed a side-specific nomogram that predicts extracapsular extension of prostate cancer based on clinicopathologic variables and microultrasound findings. The performance of this nomogram was comparable to a model based on magnetic resonance imaging. It can be useful for guiding nerve preservation during surgery.
EUROPEAN UROLOGY OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lakshmi Rajdev, Chia-Ching Jackie Wang, Himanshu Joshi, Shelly Lensing, Jeannette Lee, Juan Carlos Ramos, Robert Baiocchi, Lee Ratner, Paul G. Rubinstein, Richard Ambinder, David Henry, Howard Streicher, Richard F. Little, Elizabeth Chiao, Dirk P. Dittmer, Mark H. Einstein, Ethel Cesarman, Ronald Mitsuyasu, Joseph A. Sparano
Summary: The study demonstrates that nivolumab is safe and effective in people living with HIV and solid tumors or Kaposi sarcoma. It shows good safety profile and efficacy, especially in treating Kaposi sarcoma.
Article
Oncology
Qian Qin, Tomi Jun, Bo Wang, Vaibhav G. Patel, George Mellgard, Xiaobo Zhong, Mahalya Gogerly-Moragoda, Anish B. Parikh, Amanda Leiter, Emily J. Gallagher, Parissa Alerasool, Philip Garcia, Himanshu Joshi, Matthew Galsky, William K. Oh, Che-Kai Tsao
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the response of solid tumor patients to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and identified potential clinical prognosticators of ICI response.
Article
Oncology
Neil J. Shah, Vaibhav G. Patel, Xiaobo Zhong, Luis Pina, Jessica E. Hawley, Emily Lin, Benjamin A. Gartrell, Victor Adorno Febles, David R. Wise, Qian Qin, George Mellgard, Himanshu Joshi, Jones T. Nauseef, David A. Green, Panagiotis J. Vlachostergios, Daniel H. Kwon, Franklin Huang, Bobby Liaw, Scott Tagawa, Philip Kantoff, Michael J. Morris, William K. Oh
Summary: In patients with prostate cancer, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) does not affect severe COVID-19 outcomes. Age 70 years and older is significantly associated with a higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 disease.
JNCI CANCER SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Jay T. Guevarra, Bresne Castillo, Himanshu Joshi, Ankit Parekh, Indu Ayappa, David M. Rapoport
Summary: This study aims to test the reproducibility of identifying inspiratory flow limitation (IFL) events and their termination, as well as determine the frequency of immediate physiological responses to their occurrence. The results showed that most IFL events resulted in immediate physiological responses, and no single consequence reliably occurred after every event. The scoring of IFL events can be used to assess the diagnosis and severity of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Respiratory System
Xiaoyu Song, Jiayi Ji, Boris Reva, Himanshu Joshi, Anna Pamela Calinawan, Madhu Mazumdar, Juan P. Wisnivesky, Emanuela Taioli, Pei Wang, Rajwanth R. Veluswamy
Summary: This study found that changes in D-dimer levels following anticoagulation treatment are independently predictive of in-hospital mortality in severe COVID-19 patients. Patients were categorized based on their D-dimer level trends post-anticoagulation, with the high-increase group showing the highest mortality rate.