Article
Oncology
Hiroyuki Katayama, Makoto Kobayashi, Ehsan Irajizad, Alejandro Sevillarno, Nikul Patel, Xiangying Mao, Leona Rusling, Jody Vykoukal, Yining Cai, Fuchung Hsiao, Chuan-Yih Yu, James Long, Jinsong Liu, Franscisco Esteva, Johannes Fahrmann, Sam Hanash
Summary: The study found that PADI2 is highly expressed in various cancer types, especially in breast cancer. The expression of PADI2 in breast tumor tissues was positively correlated with peptidyl-citrulline staining. PADI2 expression showed strong positive correlations with a B cell immune signature and MHC-II-bound citrullinated peptides.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Vincenzo Barnaba
Summary: This article discusses the importance of long-term immunological memory in the long-term survival of species and the cellular and molecular features regulating its development and suppression in different environments. It also outlines therapeutic strategies to address pathological contexts such as infection, tumor, and autoimmunity.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Feng Xie, Xiaoxue Zhou, Peng Su, Heyu Li, Yifei Tu, Jinjin Du, Chen Pan, Xiang Wei, Min Zheng, Ke Jin, Liyan Miao, Chao Wang, Xuli Meng, Hans van Dam, Peter ten Dijke, Long Zhang, Fangfang Zhou
Summary: Understanding the factors that hinder immune therapy in breast cancer is crucial for improving patient response rate. This study demonstrates that breast cancer cells transfer active TGF-beta type II receptors to CD8 + T cells, leading to T cell exhaustion and suppression of the anti-tumor immune response.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Antonino Musolino, William J. Gradishar, Hope S. Rugo, Jeffrey L. Nordstrom, Edwin P. Rock, Fernanda Arnaldez, Mark D. Pegram
Summary: Fc gamma R-mediated activities play a crucial role in the treatment of HER2+ breast cancer, but variations in Fc-gammaR can lead to differential therapeutic outcomes.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aurelie Poncin, Concetta Elisa Onesti, Claire Josse, Delphine Boulet, Jerome Thiry, Vincent Bours, Guy Jerusalem
Summary: Studies have indicated that circulating eosinophil counts and tumor tissue infiltration by eosinophils are associated with prognosis in breast cancer patients, as well as with response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in hormone receptor-negative/HER2-positive and triple negative breast cancer. Further research is needed to understand the exact mechanism by which eosinophils interact with breast cancer cells and to potentially identify new therapeutic targets.
Review
Oncology
Deyu Zhang, Xiaojie Xu, Qinong Ye
Summary: Breast cancer poses a serious threat to women's health, with metabolic reprogramming and immune evasion playing key roles in promoting cancer cell proliferation. In recent years, researchers have made significant progress in understanding the metabolic and immune characteristics of breast cancer, using these mechanisms as potential clinical therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Maria M. Sirufo, Lina M. Magnanimi, Lia Ginaldi, Massimo De Martinis
Summary: There is a reciprocal association between anorexia nervosa and autoimmune diseases based on shared immunopathological mechanisms. Factors such as the influence of gut microbiota, disrupted gut-brain communication, and disrupted T cell tolerance and autoantibodies may play important roles in the pathogenesis of anorexia nervosa.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Alexander Gusev
Summary: Cancer immunotherapy utilizes the host immune system to eradicate tumors, but it also increases the risk of toxicities or immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Recent genome-wide association studies have found genetic associations with irAEs, suggesting a role of germline genetics in their onset. Leveraging germline genetics can help understand and predict the occurrence of irAEs.
IMMUNOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Amirhossein Ghaseminejad-Raeini, Ali Ghaderi, Amirmohammad Sharafi, Behrad Nematollahi-Sani, Maryam Moossavi, Afshin Derakhshani, Gholamreza Anani Sarab
Summary: For many years, vitamin D has been known for its role in maintaining calcium and phosphate balance, but recent research has focused on its immunomodulatory role, which has generated conflicting results. The presence of vitamin D receptors in various immune cell types has allowed for the investigation of its precise role in diseases, specifically autoimmune disorders. Physiologically activated vitamin D not only modulates innate and acquired immune cell responses, but also promotes a tolerogenic immune state. Recent studies suggest that this important micronutrient plays a complex role in immune system pathways and associated disorders. Understanding this field is still relatively new, and some studies indicate that patients with severe autoimmune illnesses often have vitamin D deficiencies. This review aims to provide a clear understanding of the latest research on the immune system-related roles of vitamin D, including the pathophysiology of major disorders.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Takashi Sekiya
Summary: This review investigates the role of Nr4a factors in regulating Treg cell activities in both lymphoid organs and tumor environments, highlighting the commonalities and differences in their behaviors between Treg cells in these two different environments.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Xuelian Song, Changran Wei, Xiangqi Li
Summary: Recent research has revealed a connection between breast cancer and intestinal flora, with breast tissue and tumors having distinct microbial communities that may originate from the gut microbiota. This relationship could provide a theoretical foundation for studying the microenvironment of breast cancer and developing targeted therapeutic drugs.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Long Xiao, Yu Huang, Yuhe Yang, Zhiwei Miao, Jie Zhu, Mengdan Zhong, Chencheng Feng, Wenkai Tang, Jinhua Zhou, Lihong Wang, Xin Zhao, Zhirong Wang
Summary: The researchers have developed a biomimetic cytomembrane cancer nanovaccine named CCMP@R837, which enhanced the immune response against breast cancer cells and established immune memory in BALB/c mice. This vaccine platform shows potential as a candidate for preventive cancer vaccines in clinical settings.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
A. Losada-Garcia, S. A. Cortes-Ramirez, M. Cruz-Burgos, M. Morales-Pacheco, Carlos D. Cruz-Hernandez, Vanessa Gonzalez-Covarrubias, Carlos Perez-Plascencia, M. A. Cerbon, M. Rodriguez-Dorantes
Summary: Neoplasic transformation is a continuous process that the immune system can recognize and suppress, but transformed cells can evade immune defenses and progress into tumors. Hormones can modulate the immune system and are involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases and cancer.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jianli Ma, Yuwei Deng, Dawei Chen, Xiaomei Li, Zhiyong Yu, Haibo Wang, Lei Zhong, Yingjie Li, Chengqin Wang, Xiang Li, Jinming Yu, Qingyuan Zhang
Summary: We aim to identify triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients with better prognoses after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) by evaluating pretherapeutic spatial distributions of immunophenotypes. Our retrospective study showed that TNBC patients evaluated as Miller-Payne 4 with ypN0 had poorer survival outcomes compared to those evaluated as Miller-Payne 5 with ypN0. A good classifier model based on spatial immunophenotypes was established to identify TNBC patients with Miller-Payne 4 and ypN0 who had favorable prognoses.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Ning Huang, Hao Dong, Bin Shao
Summary: Phase separation in immunology is an emerging field that helps us understand the biochemical interactions between proteins, DNA, and RNA, and provides potential treatment approaches for immune-related diseases.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2022)
Article
Oncology
G. Spitaleri, P. Trillo Aliaga, C. Catania, E. Del Signore, I. Attili, C. Santoro, F. Giugliano, P. P. M. Berton Giachetti, G. . Curigliano, A. Passaro, F. de Marinis
Summary: This prospective trial examined the safety of COVID-19 vaccines in patients with thoracic cancer receiving anticancer treatments. The results showed no safety concerns and a low rate of vaccine-related adverse events. The study supports prioritizing vaccination for lung cancer patients undergoing active treatment.
CLINICAL LUNG CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Giuseppe Curigliano, Geoffrey Shapiro, Rebecca S. Kristeleit, Albiruni R. Abdul Razak, Stephen Leong, Maria Alsina, Antonio Giordano, Karen A. Gelmon, Erica Stringer-Reasor, Ulka N. Vaishampayan, Mark Middleton, Anthony J. Olszanski, Hope S. Rugo, Kenneth A. Kern, Nuzhat Pathan, Rachelle Perea, Kristen J. Pierce, Sarah C. Mutka, Zev A. Wainberg
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of gedatolisib in combination with other anti-tumour agents in advanced solid tumours. The results showed that the combination therapy of gedatolisib and cisplatin had good clinical activity and acceptable tolerability profile in patients with triple-negative breast cancer, both in first-line and second/third-line settings.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Carmen Belli, Matteo Repetto, Santosh Anand, Camillo Porta, Vivek Subbiah, Giuseppe Curigliano
Summary: Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) play a crucial role in tumorigenesis, particularly the p110 alpha subunit (PIK3CA) with activating mutations found in various tumors. Current PI3K inhibitors have limited efficacy due to on-target toxicity, inhibiting both wild-type and mutant PI3Ks. However, the development of mutant and isoform selective PIK3CA inhibitors has surged interest in targeting PIK3CA in solid tumors. This review summarizes the understanding of PI3K alterations, treatment strategies, and emerging resistance mechanisms and the role of mutant selective PIK3CA inhibitors.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Chiara Corti, Federica Giugliano, Eleonora Nicolo, Paolo Tarantino, Carmen Criscitiello, Giuseppe Curigliano
Summary: Breast cancer is divided into three main groups: hormone receptor-positive HER2-negative, HER2-positive, and triple-negative BC. Technological breakthroughs have allowed for the development of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) as a treatment option. Even with low HER2 receptor expression, the use of T-DXd may provide clinical benefit for HER2-positive breast cancer. In HR-negative HER2-low subtype, the use of T-DXd is justified despite limited evidence, considering the poor prognosis of TNBC.
CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Pamela Trillo, Jose Sandoval, Dario Trapani, Eleonora Nicolo, Paola Zagami, Federica Giugliano, Paolo Tarantino, Grazia Vivanet, Liliana Ascione, Alex Friedlaender, Angela Esposito, Carmen Criscitiello, Giuseppe Curigliano
Summary: The study retrospectively analyzed data of patients with recurrent invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) and found discordance in the expression of ER, PgR, and HER2 between primary tumors and metastases. These findings suggest that phenotypic switch during metastasis may have implications for treatment decisions and prognosis in patients with ILC.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Luca Boscolo Bielo, Dario Trapani, Giuseppe Curigliano
Summary: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer with unfavorable outcomes, traditionally had limited systemic treatment options. However, novel drugs have been approved and are causing economic challenges due to their high prices.
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Hope S. Rugo, Adam Brufsky, Xianchen Liu, Benjamin Li, Lynn McRoy, Connie Chen, Rachel M. Layman, Massimo Cristofanilli, Mylin A. Torres, Giuseppe Curigliano, Richard S. Finn, Angela DeMichele
Summary: This is a summary of an article about a study called P-REALITY X, which found that patients with metastatic HR+/HER2- breast cancer treated with palbociclib plus an AI lived longer than those treated with an AI only in routine clinical practice. These results support the use of palbociclib plus an AI as the standard first-line treatment for this type of breast cancer.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Elena Geuna, Giuseppe Curigliano, Filippo Montemurro
Review
Oncology
Lorenzo Guidi, Gloria Pellizzari, Paolo Tarantino, Carmine Valenza, Giuseppe Curigliano
Summary: HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer with aggressive behavior and sensitivity to HER2-targeted agents. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs), such as T-DM1 and T-DXd, have shown improved clinical outcomes in this subtype. However, resistance to these ADCs still occurs, highlighting the need for understanding the underlying mechanisms.
Review
Oncology
Federica Giugliano, Ambra Carnevale Schianca, Chiara Corti, Mariia Ivanova, Nadia Bianco, Silvia Dellapasqua, Carmen Criscitiello, Nicola Fusco, Giuseppe Curigliano, Elisabetta Munzone
Summary: Breast cancer is common and approximately 15% are HER2-positive. HER2 protein expression can be heterogeneous, affecting treatment choices. Novel pharmacological agents, such as antibody-drug conjugates, may help overcome this issue.
Review
Cell Biology
Gabriele Antonarelli, Valentina Pieri, Francesca Maria Porta, Nicola Fusco, Gaetano Finocchiaro, Giuseppe Curigliano, Carmen Criscitiello
Summary: Various tumors rely on post-translational modifications to promote invasiveness, angiogenesis, and reprogram cellular energetics. Fucosylation, a type of glycosylation, has been linked to immune and hormonal functions as well as tumor development. In breast cancer, fucosylation of the glycan core is associated with poor prognosis and increased metastatic potential. Pre-clinical studies have investigated the molecular mechanisms of core-fucosylation in breast cancer models and its potential as a biomarker for predicting cancer outcomes.
Article
Oncology
Emma Zattarin, Daniele Presti, Luigi Mariani, Caterina Sposetti, Rita Leporati, Alice Menichetti, Chiara Corti, Chiara Benvenuti, Giovanni Fuca, Riccardo Lobefaro, Francesca Ligorio, Leonardo Provenzano, Andrea Vingiani, Marta Del Vecchio, Gaia Griguolo, Marianna Sirico, Ottavia Bernocchi, Antonio Marra, Paola Zagami, Elisa Agostinetto, Flavia Jacobs, Pierluigi Di Mauro, Andrea Esposito, Carlo Alberto Giorgi, Luca Lalli, Laura Boldrini, Pier Paolo Berton Giacchetti, Ambra Carnevale Schianca, Valentina Guarneri, Rebecca Pedersini, Agnese Losurdo, Alberto Zambelli, Daniele Generali, Carmen Criscitiello, Giuseppe Curigliano, Giancarlo Pruneri, Filippo de Braud, Maria Vittoria Dieci, Claudio Vernieri
Summary: In 428 patients with HR+/HER2- advanced breast cancer, HER2-low status was found to be independently associated with worse progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) compared to HER2-0 status. These findings suggest that HER2-low status could serve as a new prognostic biomarker in this clinical setting.
Article
Oncology
Luca Licata, Giulia Viale, Mario Giuliano, Giuseppe Curigliano, Mariana Chavez-MacGregor, Julia Foldi, Oluchi Oke, Joseph Collins, Lucia Del Mastro, Fabio Puglisi, Filippo Montemurro, Claudio Vernieri, Lorenzo Gerratana, Sara Giordano, Alessia Rognone, Lorenzo Sica, Oreste Davide Gentilini, Stefano Cascinu, Lajos Pusztai, Antonio Giordano, Carmen Criscitiello, Giampaolo Bianchini
Summary: This study evaluates whether Oncotype DX improves confidence and agreement among oncologists in adjuvant chemotherapy recommendations for ER+/HER2- early-stage breast cancers. The study found that using Oncotype DX significantly reduces discordance and uncertainty among oncologists, and improves agreement in adjuvant chemotherapy recommendations for patients.
Article
Oncology
Giuseppe Curigliano, Fatima Cardoso, Michael Gnant, Nadia Harbeck, Judy King, Anne-Vibeke Laenkholm, Frederique Penault-Llorca, Aleix Prat
Summary: Breast cancer multigene signatures (BCMS) have changed the management of early-stage breast cancer (eBC) by providing prognostic information and helping select patients for adjuvant chemotherapy. However, there is limited knowledge on the current usage and perceived utility of BCMS in clinical practice. A two-round Delphi survey involving 133 breast cancer experts from 11 European countries revealed that BCMS are widely used to assess risk of recurrence and select patients for adjuvant chemotherapy, but consensus is lacking regarding their utility in selecting specific chemotherapy types. There are also discrepancies between recommended usage and actual usage, with some profiles lacking supporting evidence. The study suggests the need for physician education initiatives to ensure proper use and interpretation of BCMS, ultimately improving management of eBC patients.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Gilardi, Lighea Simona Airo Farulla, Giuseppe Curigliano, Giovanni Corso, Maria Cristina Leonardi, Francesco Ceci
Summary: Invasive lobular cancer (ILC) is the second most common histological type of breast cancer, characterized by infiltrative growth and metastatic spread. FDG-PET/CT is widely used in oncology and breast cancer patient evaluation, but its efficacy in ILCs is considered suboptimal. This review aims to summarize the current literature on the use of FDG-PET/CT in ILC and discuss the potential of non-FDG radiotracers for precision medicine.
