Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrea Brenna, Juergen A. Ripperger, Gabriella Saro, Dominique A. Glauser, Zhihong Yang, Urs Albrecht
Summary: Light influences various physiological processes in mammals, and PER2 has been identified as a co-factor of CREB to facilitate the formation of a transactivation complex on the Per1 gene regulatory region in response to light stimulation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruyi He, Shijie Zhang, Jiale Yu, Xiaojie Yu, Jian Wang, Yi Qiu, Wenting Zhou, Fangyi Wang, Feng Ren, Zhiguo Liu
Summary: Disturbances in circadian rhythms can have long-term impacts on immune functions of the spleen in mice, inducing DNA damage and ferroptosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arthur H. Cheng, Samuel W. Fung, Sara Hegazi, Osama Hasan Mustafa Hasan Abdalla, Hai-Ying Mary Cheng
Summary: The hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) functions as the central circadian pacemaker, and the transcription factor Sox2 plays a crucial role in controlling the expression of circadian neuropeptides and transcription factors in the embryonic SCN. Sox2 deficiency leads to reduced survival of SCN neurons during the postnatal period, but does not affect progenitor cell proliferation or SCN specification.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qinrui Liu, Hu Wang, Hualin Wang, Na Li, Ruyi He, Zhiguo Liu
Summary: This study found that disruption of the Per1/Per2 genes can decrease the reproductive capacity of elderly male mice. The mechanism involves the reduction of testosterone synthesis and sperm motility through the PKA-StAR pathway, leading to decreased fertility.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yi Qin, Zhong-hua Chen, Jun-Jie Wu, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Zheng-Dong Yuan, Dan-Yang Guo, Meng-Nan Chen, Xia Li, Feng-Lai Yuan
Summary: The circadian clock plays a crucial role in regulating bone metabolism, including bone loss. Clock-related genes control signaling pathways and transcription factors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, while also regulating osteocytes and endothelial cells. Furthermore, the regulation of circadian clock genes by novel modulators presents a potential strategy for preventing and treating bone diseases.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Max de Leeuw, Sanne I. Verhoeve, Nic J. A. van der Wee, Albert M. van Hemert, Erno Vreugdenhil, Claudia P. Coomans
Summary: Circadian rhythms are closely related to depression, and disruption of circadian rhythms may contribute to the development of depression. A better understanding of the connection between disturbed circadian rhythms and the etiology of depression could lead to novel therapeutic and preventative strategies.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Martin R. Ralph, Shu-qun Shi, Carl H. Johnson, Pavel Houdek, Tenjin C. Shrestha, Priya Crosby, John S. O'Neill, Martin Sladek, Adam R. Stinchcombe, Alena Sumova
Summary: Modification of the Per2 clock gene in mPer2(Luc) reporter mice leads to significant alterations in circadian function, such as lengthened behavioral period, increased bimodality, enhanced phase resetting, and altered entrainment to scheduled feeding. Mechanistic mathematical modelling and experimental evidence support the role of enhanced protein interactions and differential clock regulation in driving these effects.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Raymond E. A. Sanchez, Franck Kalume, Horacio O. de la Iglesia
Summary: Nearly all mammals have robust daily rhythms called circadian rhythms, which are controlled by a master clock in the hypothalamus and affect various biological processes. This review summarizes the current understanding of circadian regulation of sleep, including neural circuitry, molecular mechanisms, and developmental regulation.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Mariana Astiz, Lina Maria Delgado-Garcia, Laura Lopez-Mascaraque
Summary: Astrocytes have gained importance in building brain circuits and regulating complex behavior alongside neurons. The circadian system synchronizes physiological processes in mammals such as sleep-wake cycle and cognition. Recent breakthrough discoveries have implicated astrocytes as essential time-keepers in addition to neurons in the suprachiasmatic nucleus.
Article
Neurosciences
Atsushige Ashimori, Yasukazu Nakahata, Toshiya Sato, Yuichiro Fukamizu, Takaaki Matsui, Hikari Yoshitane, Yoshitaka Fukada, Kazuyuki Shinohara, Yasumasa Bessho
Summary: The circadian clock is robust in maintaining a 24-hour rhythm, but aging can alter the levels of metabolites in cells, specifically oxidized NAD(+), which affects the subcellular localization of the core clock protein PER2. Low NAD(+) condition, mimicking aging or pathophysiological conditions, results in cytoplasmic retention of PER2 through the NAD(+)/SIRT1 axis, thus impacting the circadian clock. This study reveals a complex interplay between NAD(+) levels and the subcellular localization of PER2 in the aged circadian clock.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lianxia Guo, Haobin Cen, Jiaxian Weng, Yiting He, Xiaocao Guo, Di He, Kaisheng Liu, Shuyi Duan, Jing Yang, Xiaojian Zhang, Zifei Qin, Yong Wan, Zhiyong Chen, Baojian Wu
Summary: This study investigates the role of circadian clock in the development of pituitary adenomas. Altered expression of pituitary clock genes, especially PER2, is found in patients with pituitary adenomas. Jetlagged mice with PER2 upregulation show accelerated tumor growth, while loss of Per2 protects mice against estrogen-induced pituitary adenoma. Mechanistically, PER2 regulates the transcription of cell cycle genes to promote pituitary tumorigenesis. These findings advance our understanding of the relationship between circadian clock and pituitary adenomas, highlighting the relevance of clock-based approaches in disease management.
Article
Plant Sciences
Hayato Yoshioka, Keiko Kimura, Yuko Ogo, Namie Ohtsuki, Ayako Nishizawa-Yokoi, Hironori Itoh, Seiichi Toki, Takeshi Izawa
Summary: Flowering in plants is an important biological process that determines the timing of reproduction based on photoperiod. Genes like Ghd7 and Hd1 in rice play different roles under long and short day lengths, and real-time monitoring of their protein products is required to understand the accurate photoperiod recognition at a molecular level.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Vendula Luzna, Pavel Houdek, Karolina Liska, Alena Sumova
Summary: During fetal development, maternal signaling can impact the developing clock in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. Disruption of maternal signaling due to disturbances in the light/dark cycle can lead to changes in gene expression profiles in the fetal SCN. The fetal SCN is highly sensitive to various changes in maternal signaling related to environmental disturbances, showing gene-specific responses.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Dermatology
Hyunjin Yeo, Sung Shin Ahn, Euitaek Jung, Yoongho Lim, Young Han Lee, Soon Young Shin
Summary: This study identifies the transcription factor EGR1 as a key regulator of PER2 expression in skin inflammation. IL-4, an inflammatory cytokine, enhances PER2 expression through the MAPK and Jak signaling pathways. These findings provide further insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationship between inflammation and the circadian clock.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nisha Misra, Manohar Damara, Pierre Chambon
Summary: This article investigates the role of transcriptional regulators RevErbα, E4BP4, and CRY1/PER1 in generating circadian rhythms. Molecular and genetic analyses reveal that the chromatin protein HP1α plays a crucial role in transcriptional repressions of circadian clock genes and their output genes. The presence of HP1α is critical for chromatin compaction, formation of repressed biomolecular hydrophobic condensates, and recruitment and methylation of DNA methylating enzymes on the intronic deoxyCpG islands within the circadian output genes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)