Article
Immunology
Varsha Potdar, Megha Brijwal, Rakesh Lodha, Pragya Yadav, Santosh Jadhav, Manohar Lal Choudhary, Aashish Choudhary, Veena Vipat, Nivedita Gupta, Ashok Kumar Deorari, Lalit Dar, Priya Abraham
Summary: An 11-year-old boy with acute myeloid leukemia in New Delhi, India, was treated for severe acute respiratory infection caused by avian influenza A(H5N1). The strain belonged to hemagglutinin gene clade 2.3.2.1a and was found to be susceptible to amantadine and neuraminidase inhibitors.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mariana Leguia, Alejandra Garcia-Glaessner, Breno Munoz-Saavedra, Diana Juarez, Patricia Barrera, Carlos Calvo-Mac, Javier Jara, Walter Silva, Karl Ploog, Lady Amaro, Paulo Colchao-Claux, Christine K. Johnson, Marcela M. Uhart, Martha I. Nelson, Jesus Lescano
Summary: Highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 viruses have invaded the Americas and pose a threat to wildlife, poultry, and humans. The HPAI/H5N1 viruses in Peru have genetic reassortment between Eurasian and American lineages, emphasizing the need for surveillance and control measures.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Weigang Ren, Shuli Pei, Wenming Jiang, Meixia Zhao, Le Jiang, Honggang Liu, Yongxiang Yi, Mizhou Hui, Junwei Li
Summary: A replication-deficient recombinant influenza virus was developed in this study, which stimulated robust immune response and conferred complete protection against H5N1 or H9N2 influenza virus infections in mice.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Wendy Puryear, Kaitlin Sawatzki, Nichola Hill, Alexa Foss, Jonathon J. Stone, Lynda Doughty, Dominique Walk, Katie Gilbert, Maureen Murray, Elena Cox, Priya Patel, Zak Mertz, Stephanie Ellis, Jennifer Taylor, Deborah Fauquier, Ainsley Smith, Robert A. DiGiovanni Jr, Adriana van de Guchte, Ana Silvia Gonzalez-Reiche, Zain Khalil, Harm van Bakel, Mia K. Torchetti, Kristina Lantz, Julianna B. Lenoch, Jonathan Runstadler
Summary: We report the spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) in marine mammals in the northeastern United States, which is concurrent with the presence of H5N1 in wild birds in the same area. Our findings highlight the importance of monitoring both wild coastal birds and marine mammals in assessing the potential for an influenza A virus pandemic.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pengtao Bao, Yang Liu, Xiaoai Zhang, Hang Fan, Jie Zhao, Mi Mu, Haiyang Li, Yanhe Wang, Honghan Ge, Shuang Li, Xin Yang, Qianqian Cui, Rui Chen, Liang Gao, Zhihua Sun, Lizhen Gao, Shuang Qiu, Xuchun Liu, Peter W. Horby, Xiubin Li, Liqun Fang, Wei Liu
Summary: This is a study on a four-year-old boy infected with a reassortant avian influenza A H3N8 virus. The virus was found to have increased virulence and transmissibility, and was detected in pets and environmental samples from the patient's house.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Ariful Islam, Tasnim Ara, Emama Amin, Shariful Islam, Md. Abu Sayeed, Tahmina Shirin, Mohammad Mahmudul Hassan, Marcel Klaassen, Jonathan H. Epstein
Summary: Understanding the characteristics, dynamics, and evolution of H5N1 outbreaks in Bangladesh is crucial for the prevention and control of High Pathogenicity Avian Influenza (HPAI). Our study revealed nine waves of HPAI H5N1 outbreaks between 2007 and 2020, with peak incidences during the winter season. Despite vaccination efforts, the virus continued to circulate in Bangladesh, with significant clustering and hotspots of H5N1 outbreaks in and around Dhaka district. Four H5N1 clades have been detected, with clade 2.3.2.1a persisting since 2011 and reassortment occurring in 2012. Our findings emphasize the importance of spatiotemporal analysis and phylodynamics in developing targeted control measures.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Asya Levina, Marina Repkova, Nadezhda Shikina, Zinfer Ismagilov, Maxim Kupryushkin, Anna Pavlova, Natalia Mazurkova, Dmitrii Pyshnyi, Valentina Zarytova
Summary: This study demonstrates the effective attack of oligonucleotides on the viral genome of highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza A virus in mice using TiO2 nanoparticles and oligonucleotide nanocomposites. The nanocomposites showed high survival rates and significant reduction in virus titers, suggesting targeted oligonucleotides delivered by the system can interact with complementary RNAs specifically. The proposed oligonucleotide delivery system not only effectively inhibits IAV genes but also has the potential to target genes responsible for diseases caused by nucleic acids.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Jurre Siegers, Lucas Ferreri, Dirk Eggink, Edwin J. B. Veldhuis Kroeze, Aartjan J. W. te Velthuis, Marco van de Bildt, Lonneke C. Leijten, Peter van Run, Dennis de Meulder, Theo L. Bestebroer, Mathilde Richard, Thijs L. Kuiken, Anice Lowen, Sander L. Herfst, Debby van Riel
Summary: This study found that highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus can enter the central nervous system (CNS) via the olfactory nerve and undergo evolution within it. The virus can acquire mutations that increase polymerase activity in vitro but show reduced spread to other anatomical sites in vivo. Virus populations entering the CNS via the olfactory nerve are not limited by a genetic bottleneck, and positive selection is observed in the brainstem. These findings support the idea that H5N1 viruses can efficiently invade the CNS via the olfactory nerve and have the potential to adapt to it.
Review
Virology
Emily Fate Griffin, Stephen Mark Tompkins
Summary: This article reviews the determinants of specific phenotypes of Influenza A virus, with a focus on the fitness, transmission, and virulence determinants in swine IAVs and/or in relation to the 2009 pdmH1N1 virus.
Article
Virology
Fatma Amer, Ruiyun Li, Neveen Rabie, Mohamed H. El-Husseiny, Nahed Yehia, Naglaa M. Hagag, Mohamed Samy, Abdullah Selim, Mohamed K. Hassan, Wafaa M. M. Hassan, Abdel-Sattar Arafa, Ake Lundkvist, Momtaz A. Shahein, Mahmoud M. Naguib
Summary: The study reveals a competitive relationship between H5N1 and H5N8, potentially leading to a replacement between the two subtypes. Data from Egypt show that 65% of positive cases occur in backyards during outbreaks, reflecting the transmission of influenza in poultry.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Saifur Rehman, Mustofa Helmi Effendi, Aamir Shehzad, Attaur Rahman, Jola Rahmahani, Adiana Mutamsari Witaningrum, Muhammad Bilal
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and associated risk factors of avian influenza A virus subtypes H5N1 and H9N2 among poultry in the live bird markets of four cities in East Java province, Indonesia. The findings revealed the recurring infection and presence of both avian influenza viruses and associated risk factors in the surveyed marketplaces. Effective protective measures and mitigation strategies outlined in this study could help to reduce the burden of H5N1 and H9N2 AI subtypes in Indonesia's live bird markets.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tingting Li, Junyu Chen, Qingbing Zheng, Wenhui Xue, Limin Zhang, Rui Rong, Sibo Zhang, Qian Wang, Minqing Hong, Yuyun Zhang, Lingyan Cui, Maozhou He, Zhen Lu, Zhenyong Zhang, Xin Chi, Jinjin Li, Yang Huang, Hong Wang, Jixian Tang, Dong Ying, Lizhi Zhou, Yingbin Wang, Hai Yu, Jun Zhang, Ying Gu, Yixin Chen, Shaowei Li, Ningshao Xia
Summary: Influenza A viruses are a significant global threat, and this study has identified a chimeric monoclonal antibody, C12H5, that offers broad neutralization against H1N1 and H5N1 viruses. The antibody targets a specific epitope on the surface glycoprotein of the virus, leading to control of virus entry and egress. This discovery could have implications for the development of antiviral drugs and broad-protection vaccines against influenza.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Jiao Hu, Peipei Peng, Jun Li, Qi Zhang, Rumeng Li, Xiaoquan Wang, Min Gu, Zenglei Hu, Shunlin Hu, Xiaowen Liu, Xinan Jiao, Daxin Peng, Xiufan Liu
Summary: The bivalent H5+H7 VLP vaccine candidate shows promising results in protecting poultry against highly pathogenic H5N1 and H7N9 avian influenza viruses, and may serve as a critical alternative to traditional egg-based inactivated vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Nursing
Nuzul Qur'aniati, Linda Sweet, Anita De Bellis, Alison Hutton
Summary: This study examined the impact of social determinants of health on the quality of care for children with human immunodeficiency virus in Indonesia. The findings highlighted the negative effects of low socioeconomic status, lack of support, complicated health insurance procedures, limited care services, and lack of coordination, policies, and practices on the health outcomes of these children. Addressing these social determinants would benefit health professionals, particularly nurses, in creating holistic care plans for children with human immunodeficiency virus and their families, leading to improved outcomes and well-being.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED NURSING
(2023)
Article
Virology
Xingui Tian, Shelby Landreth, Yao Lu, Kannupriya Pandey, Yan Zhou
Summary: The engineering of the H5 or H7 HA gene in segment 6 affects the immunogenicity of the virus, and PR8-H5-H7(NA) has strong potential to serve as a vaccine candidate against both H5 and H7 subtypes of avian influenza viruses.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)