Article
Virology
Susana Bandarra, Eri Miyagi, Ana Clara Ribeiro, Joao Goncalves, Klaus Strebel, Isabel Barahona
Summary: A3G is a strong restriction factor for both HIV-1 and HIV-2, while A3C has no restriction potential. A3B exhibits potent antiviral activity against HIV-2 but not HIV-1, indicating different mechanisms for both viruses in antagonizing A3B. HIV-2 Vif targets A3B by reducing its levels and inhibiting its packaging into virions, while HIV-1 Vif does not antagonize A3B.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Daniel J. Salamango, Reuben S. Harris
Summary: Accessory proteins like Vif play a crucial role in distinguishing primate immunodeficiency viruses such as HIV-1, by not only antagonizing APOBEC3 enzymes but also triggering cell cycle arrest through the degradation of PPP2R5 proteins. These functions of Vif have opened up new avenues for accessory protein research and potential opportunities for drug development.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yen-Li Li, Caroline A. Langley, Caleigh M. Azumaya, Ignacia Echeverria, Nicholas M. Chesarino, Michael Emerman, Yifan Cheng, John D. Gross
Summary: The APOBEC3 (A3) proteins are host antiviral cellular proteins that hypermutate the viral genome of diverse viral families. A3G protein of humans binds to HIV-1 Vif and inhibits its function by RNA-mediated mechanisms. This discovery sheds light on the molecular arms race between viruses and hosts.
Review
Microbiology
Terumasa Ikeda, Yuan Yue, Ryo Shimizu, Hesham Nasser
Summary: The challenge of achieving a complete cure for HIV-1 lies in the persistence of viral reservoirs in patients, with 90% of them being replication-defective. A3-mediated high-frequency G-to-A mutations may impact HIV-1 virus evolution and disease progression.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Fumiaki Ito, Ana L. Alvarez-Cabrera, Shiheng Liu, Hanjing Yang, Anna Shiriaeva, Z. Hong Zhou, Xiaojiang S. Chen
Summary: Human APOBEC3G (A3G) is a virus restriction factor that inhibits HIV-1 replication and triggers lethal hypermutation. HIV-1 viral infectivity factor (Vif) hijacks a cellular E3 ubiquitin ligase complex to target A3G and evade immune response. Understanding the molecular mechanism of this interaction is crucial for developing antiretroviral therapeutics.
Article
Microbiology
Terumasa Ikeda, Ryo Shimizu, Hesham Nasser, Michael A. Carpenter, Adam Z. Z. Cheng, William L. Brown, Daniel Sauter, Reuben S. Harris
Summary: HIV-1 Vif neutralizes the HIV-1 restriction activity of A3 proteins, and A3 proteins are the only essential target of Vif for fully infectious HIV-1 production from THP-1 cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kirsten M. Knecht, Yingxia Hu, Diana Rubene, Matthew Cook, Samantha J. Ziegler, Stefan R. Jonsson, Yong Xiong
Summary: APOBEC3 family of cytidine deaminases restrict viral infections by mutating viral DNA, and Vif proteins recruit A3 proteins for degradation to overcome this antiviral activity.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Basma Abdi, Sidonie Lambert-Niclot, Marc Wirden, Aude Jary, Elisa Teyssou, Sophie Sayon, Romain Palich, Roland Tubiana, Anne Simon, Marc-Antoine Valantin, Christine Katlama, Laurence Morand-Joubert, Vincent Calvez, Anne-Genevieve Marcelin, Cathia Soulie
Summary: The study reveals an association between virological and clinical factors and APOBEC3 editing activity, with G-to-A mutations and stop codons in the reverse transcriptase gene as markers of HIV-1 diversity among virologically suppressed patients. A higher prevalence of hypermutated sequences was found in the APOBEC+ group, while the total cell-associated HIV-1 DNA level was lower in this group compared to the APOBEC- group.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Monray Edward Williams
Summary: This study explored the diversity of Viral Infectivity Factor (Vif) sequences in HIV-1C prevalent regions, focusing on South Africa. The findings revealed distinct genetic variations between different geographic groups, and specific amino acid substitutions in Vif were associated with these groups. Molecular modeling and docking analyses identified key residues responsible for the interaction between Vif and APOBEC3G.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rameez Raja, Chenyao Wang, Ritu Mishra, Arundhoti Das, Amjad Ali, Akhil C. Banerjea
Summary: This study reveals a novel mechanism of HIV-1 Vif stabilization through AKT-mediated phosphorylation at threonine 20, which reduces APOBEC3G levels and potentiates HIV-1 infectivity.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Robyn M. Kaake, Ignacia Echeverria, Seung Joong Kim, John Von Dollen, Nicholas M. Chesarino, Yuqing Feng, Clinton Yu, Hai Ta, Linda Chelico, Lan Huang, John Gross, Andrej Sali, Nevan J. Krogan
Summary: The study introduced a pipeline for structural characterization of host-pathogen protein complexes using integrative structure modeling based on chemical cross-links and residue-protein contacts inferred from mutagenesis studies. The approach was applied to determine the structure of the (A3G-Vif-CRL5-CBF beta) complex, revealing insights into the interactions within the complex. The model created using this approach was validated and used to rationalize previous structural, mutagenesis, and functional data related to the A3G-Vif interface.
MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Sizhu Duan, Xin Yu, Chu Wang, Lina Meng, Yanxin Gai, Yan Zhou, Tiejun Gu, Bin Yu, Jiaxin Wu, Xianghui Yu
Summary: This study identified Vif mutants with high affinity for CBF beta, which could rescue APOBEC3s and restrict HIV-1 replication. Among them, Vif-6M showed cross-protection effect towards multiple APOBEC3s and inhibited viral replication in T lymphocytes. These findings suggest that Vif mutants targeting the Vif-CBF beta interaction hold promise as a new therapeutic strategy for HIV/AIDS.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xinxin Zhong, Ronghua Luo, Guoyi Yan, Kai Ran, Huifang Shan, Jie Yang, Yuanyuan Liu, Su Yu, Chunlan Pu, Yongtang Zheng, Rui Li
Summary: Through the optimization of the Vif antagonist ring C, compound 6m was discovered to exhibit stronger antiviral activity compared to 2, as well as effectively suppress the replication of various drug-resistant HIV strains, making it a more potent candidate for treating AIDS.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hannah O. Ajoge, Tyler M. Renner, Kasandra Belanger, Matthew Greig, Samar Dankar, Hinissan P. Kohio, Macon D. Coleman, Emmanuel Ndashimye, Eric J. Arts, Marc-Andre Langlois, Stephen D. Barr
Summary: APOBEC3 (A3) proteins, a type of host-encoded deoxycytidine deaminase, play a crucial role in providing innate immune defense against retroviral infections such as HIV-1. This study reveals that A3 proteins impact the integration site selection of HIV-1 proviral DNA, leading to integration into transcriptionally inactive regions of the genome. This finding provides valuable insights into the evolution and infection mechanisms of HIV-1.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Yu Wang, Gui Qian, Lingyan Zhu, Zhuo Zhao, Yinan Liu, Wendong Han, Xiaokai Zhang, Yihua Zhang, Tingrong Xiong, Hao Zeng, Xianghui Yu, Xiaofang Yu, Xiaoyan Zhang, Jianqing Xu, Quanming Zou, Dapeng Yan
Summary: HIV-1 infection inhibits the production of type I interferon by using Vif to evade host immune response, providing insights into a novel mechanism for HIV-1 to escape antiviral immunity by interfering with STING posttranslational modification. These findings could offer a foundation for developing new therapeutic strategies for treating HIV-1 infection.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lanlan Chen, Hongqun Yang, Haitao Li, Chang He, Liu Yang, Guoyue Lv
Summary: Through Mendelian randomization analysis, it was found that factors such as body mass index, body fat percentage, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, as well as predisposition to type 2 diabetes mellitus and smoking, may increase the risk of cholelithiasis.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chao Jiang, Xiao-Dong Sun, Wei Qiu, Yu-Guo Chen, Da-Wei Sun, Guo-Yue Lv
Summary: Conversion therapy is an effective strategy to downstage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and increase the chances of liver transplantation (LT). Combining various treatment modalities, including targeted drugs and immunotherapy, has shown promising results in shrinking tumors and benefiting advanced-stage HCC patients. Further research and investigation are needed to fully realize the potential of conversion treatment strategies.
HEPATOBILIARY & PANCREATIC DISEASES INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Shu-xuan Li, Lanlan Chen, Ming-qian Li, Guo-yue Lv
Summary: This study provides a systematic review on pharmacological therapies for liver defatting, with a focus on defatting agents that can be clinically employed in ex-vivo translational paradigm of liver normothermic machine perfusion (NMP). The study suggests that NMP can be used as a platform for organ treatment in combination with defatting agents.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lanlan Chen, Zhongqi Fan, Xiaodong Sun, Wei Qiu, Wentao Mu, Kaiyuan Chai, Yannan Cao, Guangyi Wang, Guoyue Lv
Summary: Based on population-based genetic data, this study found inverse associations between diet-derived antioxidants and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as well as positive associations between selenium and lycopene levels and NAFLD risk. Furthermore, genetically predicted levels of carotene and retinol were inversely associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D).
HEPATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lanlan Chen, Zhongqi Fan, Yuexuan Zhao, Hongqun Yang, Guoyue Lv
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Wenying Gao, Zhaolong Li, Qingtian Guan, Wenzhe Cui, Baishong Zheng, Qiang Ding, Guoyue Lv, Jiancheng Xu, Wenyan Zhang
Summary: This study analyzed the genomic characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Jilin Province, China, from December 2020 to February 2021. The clinical isolates belonged to the B.1 lineage and several dominant linear B cell epitopes were identified. The convalescent sera from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients showed neutralizing activity against four widely spreading SARS-CoV-2 variants, but with significant differences in neutralizing activities against different variants.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yao Zhi, Mingqian Li, Guoyue Lv
Summary: T cells play an important role in allograft rejection, but the heterogeneity of T cells and the limitations of traditional detection approaches have hindered our understanding of their fate in recipients. Recent developments in single-cell techniques have allowed for the identification and characterization of T cells at a single-cell resolution, providing deeper insights into their heterogeneity. Comprehensive understanding can be achieved through joint analysis, and multi-omics techniques have been used to characterize T cells in health and disease, including transplantation. This review focuses on the application and challenges of these technologies in studying alloreactive T cells, aiming to improve our understanding of T cell heterogeneity in solid organ transplantation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kai Kou, Shuxuan Li, Wei Qiu, Zhongqi Fan, Mingqian Li, Guoyue Lv
Summary: Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) upregulate hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) expression in response to fibrosis-induced hypoxia. Increased expression of alpha-SMA, HIF-1 alpha, and IL-6 was observed in liver fibrotic tissues, along with their colocalization. HIF-1 alpha induced IL-6 secretion in activated HSCs by binding to the HRE region in the IL6 promoter. HIF-1 alpha also promoted IL-17A expression and secretion in HSCs, mediated by IL-17A-enriched supernatant.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lanlan Chen, Zhongqi Fan, Xiaodong Sun, Wei Qiu, Wentao Mu, Kaiyuan Chai, Yannan Cao, Guangyi Wang, Guoyue Lv
Summary: Cholecystectomy may not increase the risk of colorectal cancer, but it might increase the risk of irritable bowel syndrome.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hongchen Zhang, Lanlan Chen, Zhongqi Fan, Guoyue Lv
Summary: Observational studies have shown a higher incidence of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) compared to healthy individuals. This study used genetic data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to investigate the causal relationship between IBD and PBC. The results suggest that genetically predicted IBD increases the risk of PBC, but genetic susceptibility to PBC does not alter the risk of IBD. This has important implications for understanding the etiology of PBC and managing patients with IBD.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shifei Song, Yao Zhi, Guangyao Tian, Xiaodong Sun, Yuguo Chen, Wei Qiu, Wenyu Jiao, Heyu Huang, Ying Yu, Mingqian Li, Guoyue Lv
Summary: This study found that patients who experience acute rejection (AR) after liver transplant have a higher proportion of immature CD56(bright)CD16(-) subset and a lower cytolytic CD56(dim)CD16(+) subset in their blood-circulating NK cells. The NKp30-positive ratio in the CD56(dim)CD16(+) subset showed the most prominent predictive ability for AR. Additionally, the blood-circulating NK cells in rejectors maintained a higher CD56(bright)CD16(-) and lower CD56(dim)CD16(+) composition, along with increased expressions of NKp30 and NKp46, throughout the first year after transplant.
LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Letter
Oncology
Jia-Hao Xu, Guang-Zhao Shao, Yi-Fan Yang, Zhong-Qi Fan, Guo-Yue Lv, Tian Yang
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Ting Li, Xiaodong Sun, Zheng Hu, Guoyue Lv
Summary: This study suggests that C3H mice are better recipients for MOLT compared to B6J mice, and donor strains and stent materials play important roles in the long-term survival of MOLT. An ideal long-term survival of MOLT can be achieved by a rational donor-recipient-stent combination.
TRANSPLANTATION PROCEEDINGS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lanlan Chen, Wei Qiu, Xiaodong Sun, Menghan Gao, Yuexuan Zhao, Mingyue Li, Zhongqi Fan, Guoyue Lv
Summary: Serum levels of LDL-C and HDL-C are inversely associated with the risk of cholelithiasis in a linear manner. However, the relationship between serum TC and cholelithiasis risk is non-linear, with lower TC being associated with higher risk, and serum TG has an inverted "U-shaped" relationship with cholelithiasis risk. MR analyses suggest that lower TC and higher TG levels are independent causal risk factors. Drug-target MR analysis indicates that inhibition of HMGCR can reduce the risk of cholelithiasis, which is supported by colocalisation analysis.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lanlan Chen, Yuexuan Zhao, Mingyue Li, Guoyue Lv
Summary: This study used proteome-wide Mendelian randomization to identify 14 proteins positively associated with an increased risk of PSC and 8 proteins inversely associated with PSC risk. Colocalization analysis indicated that AIF1 and HLA-DQA2 were shared proteins with PSC and should be direct targets for PSC.
HEPATOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)