Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Wenbo Liu, Yajie Xie, Yudong Zheng, Wei He, Kun Qiao, Haoye Meng
Summary: This paper discusses the current development and future research prospects of hernia mesh and its regulatory science, evaluating new methods and tools. It provides a case study for the development of a regulatory science system for implantable medical devices, advancing the systematic evaluation of their safety and effectiveness.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rubiya Khursheed, Kamal Dua, Sukriti Vishwas, Monica Gulati, Niraj Kumar Jha, Ghalib Mohammed Aldhafeeri, Fayez Ghadeer Alanazi, Bey Hing Goh, Gaurav Gupta, Keshav Raj Paudel, Philip M. Hansbro, Dinesh Kumar Chellappan, Sachin Kumar Singh
Summary: The advancements in nanotechnology have led to extensive exploration of metallic nanoparticles for biomedical applications. These nanoparticles possess inert nature and nanoscale structures similar to biological molecules, and their characteristics can be altered by changing certain particle properties. They have found applications in targeted drug delivery, sensing, photothermal and photodynamic therapy, imaging, and modulation of multiple applications in biomedicine.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Caballe, Martino Bardelli
Summary: Grant writing, science policy, and public engagement are crucial forms of science communication that are essential for research to function and benefit society. Scientists depend on competitive grant funding to finance their research, allowing them to communicate their scientific vision and engage funders in prioritizing public funds and government policies for research and innovation. Public engagement, often seen as perfunctory, is actually pivotal for scientists to have a societal impact and establish effective communication channels with the public in today's information-saturated world. Support through training and resources, especially for early career researchers, can help create a virtuous circle where public funds are allocated effectively for scientific progress embraced by the public and policymakers.
DNA AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lukas Heuberger, Maria Korpidou, Olivia M. Eggenberger, Myrto Kyropoulou, Cornelia G. Palivan
Summary: Nano- and micrometer-sized compartments composed of synthetic polymers are designed to mimic spatial and temporal divisions found in nature. These compartments have a wide range of applications in imaging, theranostics, and modeling, and their properties can be tailored through polymer synthesis and functionalization.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Munir Pirmohamed
Summary: In this Review, the current state of the pharmacogenomics field is discussed, along with clinically relevant drug-gene associations and the steps required for implementing pharmacogenomics into clinical practice. The role of pharmacogenomics in drug discovery and development is also considered. The variability in drug response between individuals, which can be attributed to genomic factors, is a global concern. Despite the availability and decreasing cost of genotyping technologies, challenges in implementing pharmacogenomics lie in adapting current clinical pathways and addressing the knowledge gap in healthcare professionals. Furthermore, pharmacogenomics shows promise in enhancing drug discovery and development outcomes.
NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS
(2023)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Renisha Karki, Wachiranon Chuenchart, K. C. Surendra, Shilva Shrestha, Lutgarde Raskin, Shihwu Sung, Andrew Hashimoto, Samir Kumar Khanal
Summary: Co-digestion technology offers enhanced digestibility, improved process stability, and higher nutrient value compared to mono-digestion. A critical comparison of mono-digestion and co-digestion reveals the latter's greater flexibility and sustainability in handling diverse feedstocks.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Stefano Bianchini, Patrick Llerena, Sila Ocalan-Ozel, Emre Ozel
Summary: This study examines the link between grant proposal peer-review and gender representation in research consortia. The findings show that consortia with a higher proportion of female principal investigators (PI) receive systematically unfavorable evaluations in terms of success rate and scores from panel members and external reviewers.
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Susu Fang, Jiayang Li, Kangyu Zou, Honglei Shuai, Laiqiang Xu, Wentao Deng, Guoqiang Zou, Hongshuai Hou, Xiaobo Ji
Summary: This paper systematically introduces the preparation approaches of Zintl phases and Zintl anions to understand the originations of their attractive structures. The recent developments about their applications, especially as precursors for preparing functional materials, are thoroughly summarized. The remaining challenges and perspectives of Zintl phases are also discussed.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yasuhiro Endo, Masanori Fujita, Katsunori Ikewaki
Summary: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in Western countries. Recent epidemiology studies have shown a U-shaped relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and CVD mortality, with increased mortality in patients with extremely high HDL-C levels. HDL-C raising therapy using nicotinic acids or CETP inhibitors has shown limited efficacy in reducing CVD events. As a result, the focus has shifted to evaluating HDL functionality as a novel biomarker for CVD risk. This review provides an overview of the current status and future perspectives on HDL functions, based on findings from basic research and clinical trials.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Maria Agustina Toscanini, Alejandro David Nusblat, Maria Lujan Cuestas
Summary: Histoplasmosis is a systemic mycosis caused by Histoplasma capsulatum, with clinical manifestations ranging from subclinical to life-threatening. Diagnosis is challenging, with limited sensitivity in current culture and visualization methods. Antigen testing is now included in the WHO Essential Diagnostics List, but there are still limitations and challenges in commercial availability and cross-reactivity with related fungi. New protein antigen candidates produced by DNA-recombinant techniques show promise for standardized and specific reagents in the diagnosis of histoplasmosis.
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jessica A. Kemp, Young Jik Kwon
Summary: Modern medicine has been fighting against cancer for nearly a century with no clear end in sight. The need to increase specificity and decrease systemic toxicities in cancer treatments remains. Nanotechnology shows potential in revolutionizing diagnostic tools and improving patient care in cancer treatment.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria Gabriela Montiel Schneider, Maria Julia Martin, Jessica Otarola, Ekaterina Vakarelska, Vasil Simeonov, Veronica Lassalle, Miroslava Nedyalkova
Summary: This review summarizes the role of iron oxide nanoparticles in biomedical research. It classifies research studies related to cancer diagnostics and therapy, nano theranostics, and multimodal therapy. The review also focuses on combining different nanomaterials for optimal biomedical applications and includes an example of synthesizing and characterizing nanolipidic magnetic hybrid systems. Lastly, it discusses the capabilities of magnetite-based magnetic nanoparticles in managing oncological diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose Guadalupe Avila-Hernandez, Maria del Rosario Cardenas-Aquino, Alberto Camas-Reyes, Agustino Martinez-Antonio
Summary: Papaya is an economically significant plant with complex sex determination, which affects fruit production and quality. Although genes related to sex have been reported, there are still many mysteries to be solved, and factors such as environment and hormones may also affect sex expression.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Lin Wang, Penghui Li, Kun Feng
Summary: The combination of EGCG with chemotherapy drugs can enhance their sensitizing effect on tumors and combat the drug resistance of cancer cells. EGCG can also suppress the adverse effects caused by chemotherapy and improve the quality of life of patients. However, the low bioavailability and off-target effects of EGCG limit its clinical application, and nanomodification shows promise in enhancing its antitumor activity.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Thomas Friedrich, Nicholas Henthorn, Marco Durante
Summary: The combination of immune therapy with radiation presents a promising treatment modality in cancer therapy, but challenges remain in the effective clinical implementation. These include determining optimal drug and radiation dose schedules, the amount of damage and associated doses required, and the impact of lymphocyte status and dynamics. Biophysical modeling can offer insights into addressing these factors and mechanisms of action.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sara Schroter, Julia Pakpoor, Julie Morris, Mabel Chew, Fiona Godlee
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sara Schroter, Amy Price, Mario Malicki, Tessa Richards, Mike Clarke
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Adrian Barnett, Inger Mewburn, Sara Schroter
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2019)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Sara Schroter, Elizabeth Loder, Fiona Godlee
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David Blanco, Sara Schroter, Adrian Aldcroft, David Moher, Isabelle Boutron, Jamie J. Kirkham, Erik Cobo
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Benjamin Speich, Sara Schroter, Matthias Briel, David Moher, Iratxe Puebla, Alejandra Clark, Michael Maia Schlussel, Philippe Ravaud, Isabelle Boutron, Sally Hopewell
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mona Ghannad, Bada Yang, Mariska Leeflang, Adrian Aldcroft, Patrick M. Bossuyt, Sara Schroter, Isabelle Boutron
Summary: The study aimed to estimate the effect of an intervention compared to usual peer-review process on reducing spin in abstract conclusions of biomedical study reports. Results showed that the short instructions to authors did not significantly reduce spin, suggesting the need for evaluation of other interventions to reduce spin in research reports.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sara Schroter, Ilaria Montagni, Elizabeth Loder, M. Eikermann, Elke Schaeffner, Tobias Kurth
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Melissa L. Rethlefsen, Sara Schroter, Lex M. Bouter, David Moher, Ana Patricia Ayala, Jamie J. Kirkham, Maurice P. Zeegers
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the impact of adding librarians and information specialists as methodological peer reviewers on the quality of search reporting and risk of bias in systematic review searches. By inviting them as additional reviewers, it is hoped that the quality of systematic review search reporting will improve and the risk of bias will be reduced.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Angele Gayet-Ageron, Khaoula Ben Messaoud, Mark Richards, Sara Schroter
Summary: The study found that during the COVID-19 pandemic, the proportion of women serving as first, last, and corresponding authors in coauthored manuscripts decreased compared to the previous two years. Particularly, the lowest percentage of female authors was observed during the COVID-19 pandemic period from January to May 2020.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Sara Schroter, Wim E. J. Weber, Elizabeth Loder, Jack Wilkinson, Jamie J. Kirkham
Summary: BMJ editors were not good at predicting the citation potential of manuscripts, either individually or as a group.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Khaoula Ben Messaoud, Sara Schroter, Mark Richards, Angele Gayet-Ageron
Summary: This study aims to describe gender and geographical inequalities in invitations to review and the response to these invitations and to assess whether inequalities increased during the covid-19 pandemic. The study found that gender, geographical affiliation, and country income were closely associated with the agreement to review. The study also found that the agreement rate was lower during different phases of the pandemic compared to the pre-pandemic period.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Letter
Health Care Sciences & Services
Benjamin Speich, Sara Schroter, Matthias Briel
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Christopher W. Jones, Amanda Adams, Benjamin S. Misemer, Mark A. Weaver, Sara Schroter, Hayat Khan, Benyamin Margolis, David L. Schriger, Timothy F. Platts-Mills
Summary: The objective of this study was to test whether providing relevant clinical trial registry information to peer reviewers would decrease discrepancies between registered and published trial outcomes. The results showed that the tested intervention did not increase agreement between prospectively registered and published trial outcomes. Therefore, other approaches are needed to improve the quality of outcome reporting in clinical trials.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Camila Olarte Parra, Lorenzo Bertizzolo, Sara Schroter, Agnes Dechartres, Els Goetghebeur
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the consistency of causal statements in observational studies published in The BMJ. It found that some papers had inconsistencies in the use of causal language between the submitted and published versions, mainly due to discrepancies between objectives and conclusions. Further guidance for authors on causal statements and assumptions is recommended based on the findings.