Article
Construction & Building Technology
Qiang Wang, Chuanming Li, WenTao Zhou, Xianjun Lyu
Summary: With the increasing consumption of traditional cement, the demand for lime rock has also surged. This study compared the preparation of traditional cement using carbide slag (CS) and lime rock (LR), and found that CS can be a feasible substitute for LR in the production of traditional cement. This research provides a new resource management method for CS.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Hee Jun Yang, Chang-Hong Lee, Sang-Hyo Shim, Jang-Ho Jay Kim, Ho-Jae Lee, JoonWoo Park
Summary: This study examined the fire resistance performance of cement paste incorporating ferronickel slag at elevated temperatures. The FNS modified paste showed the highest residual strength at 400 degrees Celsius, possibly due to the presence of hydrotalcite and ferric/ferrous hydroxide. Further research is needed to determine the optimal replacement level of FNS for better performance in severe temperature environments.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
M. Zahedul Islam, Kazi M. A. Sohel, Khalifa Al-Jabri, A. Al Harthy
Summary: The study shows that concrete containing FCS fine aggregate exhibits improved mechanical properties and better preservation of mass at high temperatures, attributed to the chemical composition and surface texture of the FCS aggregate. Furthermore, microstructural observation and ultrasonic pulse velocity testing confirm that FCS concrete undergoes less damage when exposed to elevated temperatures.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Raju Sharma, Junjie Pei, Md Jihad Miah, Jeong Gook Jang
Summary: This study investigated the effect of sillimanite sand on the properties of alkali-activated slag (AAS) mortar at ambient and elevated temperatures. It was found that the use of sillimanite sand improved the strength of AAS mortar and limited thermal cracking. The highest concentration of sodium hydroxide solution combined with sillimanite sand resulted in similar compressive strength to the control sample after exposure to 500 degrees C.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Le Huang, Jin-Cheng Liu, Rongjin Cai, Hailong Ye
Summary: A clinkerless alkali-activated slag-based ultra-high strength concrete (AAS-UHSC) was developed at room temperature with improved flowability and superior high-temperature performance. Adding steel fiber can further enhance its flexural fracture energy and compressive toughness.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joseph O. Ukpata, Desmond E. Ewa, Joseph U. Liwhuliwhe, George Uwadiegwu Alaneme, Koyonor E. Obeten
Summary: This study explored the impact of elevated temperatures on the residual structural properties of concrete made with non-conventional fine aggregates. It found that the use of laterite as a replacement for fine aggregates can improve the density, sorptivity, and strength of concrete. The study also recommended using 25% and 50% laterite replacement for producing different grades of concrete.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Satheeskumar Navaratnam, Hendrik Wijaya, Pathmanathan Rajeev, Priyan Mendis, Kate Nguyen
Summary: The research investigated the effects of elevated temperature on biochar-based mortar, finding that increasing biochar replacement reduces compressive strength and residual strength. A new stress-strain model was developed to predict the mechanical behavior of biochar-based mortar post fire.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wenxuan Huang, Ying Wang, Yaming Zhang, Wenzhong Zheng
Summary: Rational utilization of blast furnace slag improves resource utilization rate and can help in addressing environmental degradation and climate crisis. Alkali-activated slag cementitious material (AASCM) offers high temperature resistance and can be used for construction in high temperature environments and to enhance fire resistance. A study was conducted on a special type of mortar with alkali-activated slag as the cementitious material to solve the thermal incompatibility issue between the mortar and natural aggregate. The compressive and flexural strengths of the mortar decreased with increasing temperature during and after high-temperature treatment.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Fragkoulis Kanavaris, Marios Soutsos, Jian-Fei Chen
Summary: This study investigates the early strength issue of low carbon footprint concrete using ground granulated blast-furnace slag as a partial cement replacement material. The study finds that the strength gain of GGBS concrete can be significantly accelerated by elevated temperature curing. However, the current maturity functions cannot consistently and reliably estimate the strength of GGBS concrete, highlighting the need for further improvement.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
D. S. Sandeep Kumar, K. Chethan, B. Chethan Kumar
Summary: The main focus of researchers in the construction sector is to assess the suitability of ecofriendly alternative materials, such as sugarcane bagasse ash and steel slag, for concrete production. Through experimental design and multi-criteria optimization techniques, the most suitable AASBC mixture for elevated temperature conditions was identified.
Article
Thermodynamics
N. Anand, Daniel Paul Thanaraj, Diana Andrushia, Eva Eszter Lubloy, Tattukolla Kiran, Balamurali Kanagaraj, Venkatesh Kodur
Summary: Building fires can lead to structural damage to concrete elements due to extreme temperatures. This study investigates the behavior of concrete subjected to heating and cooling from standard fire conditions, comparing the effects of natural air cooling and water spraying. The research examines the hardened, micro-structural, and thermal performance of fire-exposed concrete, and proposes relationships between temperature exposure and residual strength.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zhongtao Luo, Yu Wang, Guangjun Yang, Jiayuan Ye, Wensheng Zhang, Zhichao Liu, Yuandong Mu
Summary: This study investigates the effect of different curing temperatures on the carbonation performance of steel slag prefabricates. It is found that elevating the curing temperature benefits the development of compressive strength and CO2 absorption ratio in the early stage, but with the prolonging of time, the effectiveness of low and high curing temperatures is much lower than that of intermediate temperatures.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alaa M. Rashad, Ghada M. F. Essa, Hamdy A. Abdel-Gawwad
Summary: This study investigated the possibility of incorporating recycled glass powder with slag to produce new binder materials. The results showed that the addition of glass powder affected the water absorption and compressive strength of the materials, and had different effects on compressive strength at different temperatures.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
J. C. M. Ho, Y. Liang, Y. H. Wang, M. H. Lai, Z. C. Huang, D. Yang, Q. L. Zhang
Summary: A research gap exists in studying the behavior of concrete with steel slag after exposure to elevated temperatures, with an experimental study finding that using steel slag can enhance the heat insulation ability of concrete and maintain high residual strength at high temperatures. Additionally, the design model by EC2 was found to be conservative in predicting the residual strength of concrete with and without slag.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kasali Adebayo Mujedu, Mariyana Aida Ab-Kadir, Noor Nabilah Sarbini, Mohammad Ismail
Summary: The study investigated the impact of elevated temperatures on the compressive strength and microstructure of SCC produced with 15% replacement level of POFA. Results showed variation in compressive strength and microstructure at different temperature ranges. The research findings can be applied in high fire resistance structures and contribute to waste reduction from palm oil factories.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mahmoud Gharieb, Alaa M. Rashad
Summary: This study investigated the possibility of using carbonation lime residue (CCR) as an additive for alkali-activated slag (AAS) cement and found that CCR can serve as a substitute for AAS cement. The inclusion of an appropriate amount of CCR improved the flowability, setting time, compressive strength, microstructure, and durability of AAS cement.
ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alaa M. Rashad, Ghada M. F. Essa, Hamdy A. Abdel-Gawwad
Summary: This study investigated the possibility of incorporating recycled glass powder with slag to produce new binder materials. The results showed that the addition of glass powder affected the water absorption and compressive strength of the materials, and had different effects on compressive strength at different temperatures.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Alaa M. Rashad, Dina M. Sadek, Mahmoud Gharieb
Summary: In this study, the authors aimed to improve the high drying shrinkage and low carbonation resistance of alkali-activated slag cement by incorporating quartz powder. The results showed that the addition of quartz powder increased the flowability and compressive strength, decreased the drying shrinkage, increased the carbonation resistance, and refined the microstructure.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ahmed S. Ouda, Alaa M. Rashad
Summary: The research found that replacing up to 100% of siliceous sand aggregate with LECA in geopolymer mortar has a positive effect on workability, thermal conductivity, and relative strength after exposure to elevated temperatures, but has an adverse effect on compressive strength and water absorption.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Alaa M. Rashad, Yun Bai
Summary: This paper analyzed and compared the properties of sodium sulfate-activated ground-granulated blast-furnace slag (slag) pastes under carbonation attack with uncarbonated specimens. The results showed that increasing slag fineness has a positive effect on carbonation resistance, while increasing Na2SO4 concentration has a more significant impact. By combining fine slag with high Na2SO4 concentration, the specimens showed excellent resistance to carbonation attack even after 12 weeks.
ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Alaa M. Rashad, Sayieda R. Zeedan
Summary: In this study, the authors investigated the effect of elevated temperatures on metakaolin geopolymers and explained the inconsistent results in previous studies. Different concentrations of sodium silicate and ratios of silica fume were used to affect the Si/Al and Na/Si molar ratios. The results showed that the addition of silica fume improved flowability and the effect on compressive strength depended on activator concentration.
ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Alaa M. M. Rashad, Osama M. M. Haraz, Ayman Elboushi, Wafaa M. M. Morsi
Summary: A first attempt was made to compare the electrical properties of pastes and mortars prepared from alkali-activated materials and Portland cement. The study examined electrical conduction, dielectric constant, dielectric permittivity, and loss tangent factor. The results showed that fly ash-based geopolymer and Portland cement specimens had similar electrical properties. Metakaolin and slag-based geopolymer specimens also had similar electrical properties but with lower conductivity than the other two types. The study also confirmed the similarity in electrical properties between pastes and mortars.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF CIVIL ENGINEERS-CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Alaa M. Rashad, Ashraf K. Eessaa, Mervat H. Khalil, O. A. Mohamed
Summary: For the first time, the possibility of adding nano-zirconium (NZ) into alkali-activated slag (AAS) cement as a modifier against seawater attack was studied in this article. Different ratios of NZ were added into the neat AAS cement, and their effects on workability and compressive strength were measured. The results showed that the incorporation of 1% and 3% NZ had a positive effect on compressive strength before and after exposure to different media, while the incorporation of 5% had a negative effect.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Alaa M. Rashad, Hana Mohamed, Mervat H. Khalil, H. H. Hammed, A. A. El-Gamal
Summary: This study is the first attempt to investigate the effect of micro-sized lead oxide (mPbO) on the properties of alkali-activated slag (AAS) mortars. Different ratios of mPbO were added to the AAS mortar specimens, and the workability, mechanical strength development, transport properties, and accelerated aging resistance were analyzed. The results showed that the addition of mPbO improved the flowability, mechanical strength, and resistance to accelerated aging, with 7.5% mPbO being the optimal ratio. Higher ratios of mPbO did not provide additional improvements and had adverse effects. The transport properties and aging resistance were improved with 2.5-7.5% mPbO, but slightly worsened with 10% mPbO. The microstructure was improved with suitable ratios of mPbO.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Alaa M. Rashad, Mohamed Ezzat, Abdeen M. El Nagar, M. H. El-Nashar
Summary: Choosing the right type of cement is crucial to limit deterioration in buildings exposed to marine environments. By partially replacing fly ash with limestone powder, the compressive strength of the cement can be enhanced and the degradation caused by seawater and tidal zones can be reduced.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
M. A. Masoud, A. M. El-Khayatt, K. A. Mahmoud, Alaa M. Rashad, M. G. Shahien, Bottros R. Bakhit, A. M. Zayed
Summary: In this study, the hazardous chrysotile was used as an aggregate in radiation shielding concrete for the first time. The addition of boric acid was found to enhance the neutron shielding properties of the chrysotile concrete, although it had detrimental effects on the mechanical and microstructural properties. Computational and experimental results were in good agreement, confirming the suitability of chrysotile as an aggregate in radiation shielding concrete.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Alaa M. Rashad, Mahmoud Gharieb
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of one year of outdoor natural weathering on the properties of alkali-activated fly ash mortars. The results showed that natural weathering had a negative effect on the compressive strength of the specimens, but this effect could be mitigated by adding silica fume and sodium tripolyphosphate.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Youssef A. Mosleh, Mahmoud Gharieb, Alaa M. Rashad
Summary: The effect of different concentrations of sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) and sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) on the properties of alkali-activated slag/fly ash concrete was investigated. The results showed that both STPP and SHMP can improve workability and compressive strength, with 4% being the optimum concentration. The incorporation of each type of polyphosphate can reduce water absorption and total porosity, and refine the microstructure.
ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Alaa M. Rashad, Youssef A. Mosleh, Mahmoud Gharieb
Summary: Despite being abundant in the earth's crust, feldspars have limited applications in alkali-activated materials. This study investigates the effect of different ratios of potassium feldspar on the properties of alkali-activated slag concrete. The results show that feldspar has a positive effect on workability, with increasing ratio leading to increased workability. Incorporating 10% feldspar improves compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, water absorption, total porosity, and microstructure, while higher ratios have a negative effect.
ACI MATERIALS JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Alaa M. Rashad
Summary: Calcium oxide (CaO) can be used to improve the properties of alkali-activated materials (AAMs), with its effectiveness depending on the ratio, curing conditions, activator type, and precursor type. Studies have shown that the inclusion of CaO in AAMs reduces workability and setting time, but can increase compressive strength and improve durability.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES AND MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Lars odegaard Bentsen, Narada Dilp Warakagoda, Roy Stenbro, Paal Engelstad
Summary: This study investigates uncertainty modeling in wind power forecasting using different parametric and non-parametric methods. Johnson's SU distribution is found to outperform Gaussian distributions in predicting wind power. This research contributes to the literature by introducing Johnson's SU distribution as a candidate for probabilistic wind forecasting.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xing Liu, Qiuchen Wang, Yunhao Wen, Long Li, Xinfang Zhang, Yi Wang
Summary: This study analyzes the characteristics of process parameters in three lean gas ethane recovery processes and establishes a prediction and multiobjective optimization model for ethane recovery and system energy consumption. A new method for comparing ethane recovery processes for lean gas is proposed, and the addition of extra coolers improves the ethane recovery. The support vector regression model based on grey wolf optimization demonstrates the highest prediction accuracy, and the multiobjective multiverse optimization algorithm shows the best optimization performance and diversity in the solutions.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Cairong Song, Haidong Yang, Xian-Bing Meng, Pan Yang, Jianyang Cai, Hao Bao, Kangkang Xu
Summary: The paper proposes a novel deep learning-based prediction framework, aTCN-LSTM, for accurate cooling load predictions. The framework utilizes a gate-controlled multi-head temporal convolutional network and a sparse probabilistic self-attention mechanism with a bidirectional long short-term memory network to capture both temporal and long-term dependencies in the cooling load sequences. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method, which can serve as an effective guide for HVAC chiller scheduling and demand management initiatives.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhe Chen, Xiaojing Li, Xianli Xia, Jizhou Zhang
Summary: This study uses survey data from the Loess Plateau in China to evaluate the impact of social interaction on the adoption of soil and water conservation (SWC) technology by farmers. The study finds that social interaction increases the likelihood of farmers adopting SWC, and internet use moderates this effect. The positive impact of social interaction on SWC adoption is more pronounced for farmers in larger villages and those who join cooperative societies.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2024)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chenghua Zhang, Yunfei Yan, Kaiming Shen, Zongguo Xue, Jingxiang You, Yonghong Wu, Ziqiang He
Summary: This paper reports a novel method that significantly improves combustion performance, including heat transfer enhancement under steady-state conditions and adaptive stable flame regulation under velocity sudden increase.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2024)
