Broadband transient absorption spectroscopy with 1-and 2-photon excitations: Relaxation paths and cross sections of a triphenylamine dye in solution

1-photon (382 nm) and 2-photon (752 nm) excitations to the S-1 state are applied to record and compare transient absorption spectra of a push-pull triphenylamine (TrP) dye in solution. After 1-photon excitation, ultrafast vibrational and structural molecular relaxations are detected on a 0.1 ps time scale in nonpolar hexane, while in polar acetonitrile, the spectral evolution is dominated by dipolar solvation. Upon 2-photon excitation, transient spectra in hexane reveal an unexpected growth of stimulated emission (SE) and excited-state absorption (ESA) bands. The behavior is explained by strong population transfer S-1 -> S-n due to resonant absorption of a third pump photon. Subsequent S-n -> S-1 internal conversion (with tau(1) = 1 ps) prepares a very hot S-1 state which cools down with tau(2) = 13 ps. The pump pulse energy dependence proves the 2-photon origin of the bleach signal. At the same time, SE and ESA are strongly affected by higher-order pump absorptions that should be taken into account in nonlinear fluorescence applications. The 2-photon excitation cross sections sigma((2)) = 32 . 10(-50) cm(4) s at 752 nm are evaluated from the bleach signal. (C) 2015 AIP Publishing LLC.