Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anil Patidar, Himanshu Malhotra, Surbhi Chaudhary, Manoj Kumar, Rahul Dilawari, Gaurav Kumar Chaubey, Asmita Dhiman, Radheshyam Modanwal, Sharmila Talukdar, Chaaya Iyengar Raje, Manoj Raje
Summary: The study reveals that Mycobacterium tuberculosis can exploit host secreted proteins to acquire iron, which may contribute to its successful pathogenesis and provide options for targeted therapeutic intervention.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Asmita Dhiman, Sharmila Talukdar, Gaurav Kumar Chaubey, Rahul Dilawari, Radheshyam Modanwal, Surbhi Chaudhary, Anil Patidar, Vishant Mahendra Boradia, Pradeep Kumbhar, Chaaya Iyengar Raje, Manoj Raje
Summary: Mycobacterium tuberculosis utilizes GAPDH on the surface of macrophages to internalize LL-37, an antimicrobial peptide, resulting in a reduction of M.tb burden. This process is dependent on intracellular calcium and p38 MAPK pathways.
JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Osama A. Madkhali, Sivakumar S. Moni, Muhammad H. Sultan, Mohammed Ali Bakkari, Yosif Almoshari, Emad Sayed Shaheen, Abdulrahman Alshammari
Summary: The research aimed to develop injectable delivery formulations using LTF peptide-loaded dextran nanoparticles coated with docosahexaenoic acid (LLDDNP). The study involved comprehensive investigation of LLDDNP's physicochemical properties, in vivo assessment of biomarkers, and evaluation of immune response through cytokine modulation. The LLDDNP exhibited negative zeta potential, uniform particle size, high thermal stability, and distinct crystalline nature. In vitro release of LTF from LLDDNP followed zero-order kinetics, and in vivo treatment with LLDDNP effectively modulated biomarker levels and cytokine response.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Michal Sienkiewicz, Andrzej Jaskiewicz, Aleksandra Tarasiuk, Jakub Fichna
Summary: Lactoferrin, a glycoprotein found in mucosal secretions, has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activities and shows effectiveness against various bacteria and viruses, potentially inhibiting enveloped viruses like SARS-CoV-2. Studies have examined its functions, bioavailability, potential benefits and side effects, as well as its applications in clinical trials and potential role in inflammatory bowel disease.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
An-te Ou, Jia-xin Zhang, Yue-fei Fang, Rong Wang, Xue-ping Tang, Peng-fei Zhao, Yu-ge Zhao, Meng Zhang, Yong-zhuo Huang
Summary: The combination nanosystem of DSF and LF effectively blocks inflammatory cell death and cytokine release, showing significant therapeutic effects in treating sepsis and ulcerative colitis.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Toshiaki Nakano, Chao-Long Chen, I-Hsuan Chen, Hui-Peng Tseng, Kuei-Chen Chiang, Chia-Yun Lai, Li-Wen Hsu, Shigeru Goto, Chih-Che Lin, Yu-Fan Cheng
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests the involvement of tumor-derived exosomes in HCC development and recurrence. The study explores the impact of miR-4669 overexpression on HCC and its clinical value in predicting treatment response and HCC recurrence. Overexpression of miR-4669 enhances migration ability, leads to sorafenib resistance, and generates an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Exosomal miR-4669 has clinical value in predicting treatment response and assessing the risk of HCC recurrence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yan Lin Fu, Rene E. Harrison
Summary: Phagocytosis is a crucial process for the uptake of large particulate matter by specialized cells in the body, enabled by cell surface receptors. Professional phagocytes, including macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells, play a key role in innate immunity through engaging target cells for destruction and recycling in phagosomes. Macrophages, in particular, produce a variety of cytokines that modulate the inflammatory response to microbes.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Elizabeth L. Kilby, Daniel M. Kelly, T. Hugh Jones
Summary: The study demonstrates that testosterone can promote cholesterol clearance in human macrophages by activating LXRα and downstream targets, potentially explaining the anti-atherogenic effects of testosterone in clinical settings.
Article
Microbiology
Ya-nan Zhao, Hao Wang, Ling-ling Su, Han-qing Wang, Bao-jiang Zhang, Yan Su
Summary: This study investigated the potential of GAPDH as a subunit vaccine against strangles caused by Streptococcus equi, with results showing that GAPDH-S fragment induced better immune protection in immunized mice compared to GAPDH-L. The GAPDH-S group had higher survival rates, lower bacterial loads, elevated antibody titers, and increased proportions of CD8 + T cells, indicating stronger humoral and cellular immune responses. Furthermore, increased levels of TCR, TLR-2, TLR-3, and TLR-4 suggest that GAPDH-S could be a promising candidate for further development into a multivalent subunit vaccine.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Magda Reyes-Lopez, Gerardo Ramirez-Rico, Jesus Serrano-Luna, Mireya de la Garza
Summary: Parasites and other pathogens must adapt to the host's environment to survive. Lactoferrin (Lf) is a host protein that acts as a defense mechanism in the innate immune system. This study reviews the activity of Lf against various parasitic pathogens, including sequestering iron ions needed for survival and producing reactive oxygen species.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ricardo Grieshaber-Bouyer, Felix A. Radtke, Pierre Cunin, Giuseppina Stifano, Anais Levescot, Brinda Vijaykumar, Nathan Nelson-Maney, Rachel B. Blaustein, Paul A. Monach, Peter A. Nigrovic
Summary: Neutrophils exhibit a single developmental spectrum, ranging from immature pre-neutrophils in the bone marrow to mature neutrophils in the blood and spleen. Inflammation affects neutrophil transcriptional states, leading to varying transcriptional activities at different sites.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maria Embgenbroich, Hendrik J. P. van der Zande, Leonie Hussaarts, Jonas Schulte-Schrepping, Leonard R. Pelgrom, Noemi Garcia-Tardon, Laura Schlautmann, Isabel Stoetzel, Kristian Handler, Joost M. Lambooij, Anna Zawistowska-Deniziak, Lisa Hoving, Karin de Ruiter, Marjolein Wijngaarden, Hanno Pijl, Ko Willems van Dijk, Bart Everts, Vanessa van Harmelen, Maria Yazdanbakhsh, Joachim L. Schultze, Bruno Guigas, Sven Burgdorf
Summary: sMR plays a direct functional role in macrophage activation and metaflammation, with increased serum sMR levels correlating with proinflammatory cytokine production and insulin resistance. These findings suggest sMR may be a potential therapeutic target for metaflammation and hyperinflammatory diseases.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Optics
Zhijia Lv, Longhai Jin, Yue Cao, Hao Zhang, Dongzhi Xue, Na Yin, Tianqi Zhang, Yinghui Wang, Jianhua Liu, Xiaogang Liu, Hongjie Zhang
Summary: The specific diagnosis and treatment of gliomas is a challenge in clinic. In this study, a core-shell structured nanotheranostic agent YHM was designed and constructed for diagnosis and treatment of gliomas. The YHM showed good BBB penetration, NIR-II/MRI bimodality imaging, and efficient SDT. This work provides insights into exploring theranostic agents for gliomas based on rare earth-doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles.
LIGHT-SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mikako Yagi, Takahiro Toshima, Rie Amamoto, Yura Do, Haruka Hirai, Daiki Setoyama, Dongchon Kang, Takeshi Uchiumi
Summary: Mitochondrial translation dysfunction in the heart leads to impaired lysosome and autolysosome function, affecting cellular autophagy. Decreased NAD(+) levels due to mitochondrial dysfunction have significant effects on lysosomal maintenance.
Article
Immunology
Margot Lavy, Vanessa Gauttier, Alison Dumont, Florian Chocteau, Sophie Deshayes, Judith Fresquet, Virginie Dehame, Isabelle Girault, Charlene Trilleaud, Stephanie Neyton, Caroline Mary, Philippe Juin, Nicolas Poirier, Sophie Barille-Nion, Christophe Blanquart
Summary: Tumor Associated Macrophages (TAM) contribute to poor prognosis in cancer by promoting inflammation, inhibiting anti-tumor immune response, and resisting anticancer treatments. This study investigates the therapeutic benefits of targeting the ChemR23 receptor expressed by TAM using an agonist monoclonal antibody αChemR23. The results show that activating ChemR23 can modulate macrophages and improve survival and decrease metastasis in a mouse model of triple-negative breast cancer.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Zahid Gani, Vishant Mahendra Boradia, Ajay Kumar, Anil Patidar, Sharmila Talukdar, Eira Choudhary, Ranvir Singh, Nisheeth Agarwal, Manoj Raje, Chaaya Iyengar Raje
Summary: The study shows that cell surface Mtb GAPDH functions as a virulence factor by multiple mechanisms, enhancing bacterial adherence to and traversal across host cells. This highlights the importance of GAPDH in Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and tissue invasion.
CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Santosh Kumar, Chandramohan Chitraju, Robert V. Farese, Tobias C. Walther, Christopher G. Burd
Summary: Phosphatidylserine decarboxylase plays a crucial role in lipid droplet biogenesis and neutral lipid storage, with different forms being regulated by nutritional state. The enzyme can localize to either lipid droplets or mitochondria based on growth conditions, affecting triacylglycerol synthesis when cells are challenged with free fatty acid.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mandeep Kaur, Akanksha Sharma, Santosh Kumar, Gurpal Singh, Ravi P. Barnwal
Summary: Globally, SARS-CoV-2 poses a threat to life and economy, prompting researchers to search for a cure. This review aims to summarize the functional roles of different domains of the SARS-CoV-2 genome and highlight the importance of finding potential drugs/vaccines.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Surbhi Chaudhary, Asmita Dhiman, Rahul Dilawari, Gaurav Kumar Chaubey, Sharmila Talukdar, Radheshyam Modanwal, Anil Patidar, Himanshu Malhotra, Chaaya Iyengar Raje, Manoj Raje
Summary: Protein aggregate accumulation is a pathological hallmark of several neurodegenerative disorders, and autophagy plays a critical role in clearance of these aggregates. This study identifies a novel role of GAPDH in clearing intracellular protein aggregates and demonstrates that GAPDH regulates autophagy via the mTOR pathway. The findings suggest that GAPDH has a protective effect on cells by reducing the load of aggregates, providing new insights into the mechanism of mutant huntingtin aggregate clearance.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gurpal Singh, Harinder Kaur, Akanksha Sharma, Joga Singh, Hema Kumari Alajangi, Santosh Kumar, Neha Singla, Indu Pal Kaur, Ravi Pratap Barnwal
Summary: Detection of cancer at an early stage is crucial for successful treatment outcomes, and nanotechnology-based diagnostic products have shown promise in achieving sensitive and robust cancer diagnosis.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Surbhi Chaudhary, Asmita Dhiman, Anil Patidar, Himanshu Malhotra, Sharmila Talukdar, Rahul Dilawari, Gaurav Kumar Chaubey, Radheshyam Modanwal, Chaaya Iyengar Raje, Manoj Raje
Summary: Studies have shown that the cytoplasmic glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) can prevent protein aggregation, maintain proteins in a soluble state, and interact with cyPrP and httQ-103.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anil Patidar, Himanshu Malhotra, Surbhi Chaudhary, Manoj Kumar, Rahul Dilawari, Gaurav Kumar Chaubey, Asmita Dhiman, Radheshyam Modanwal, Sharmila Talukdar, Chaaya Iyengar Raje, Manoj Raje
Summary: The study reveals that Mycobacterium tuberculosis can exploit host secreted proteins to acquire iron, which may contribute to its successful pathogenesis and provide options for targeted therapeutic intervention.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mandeep Kaur, Akanksha Sharma, Gurpal Singh, Santosh Kumar, Ravi P. Barnwal
Summary: In eukaryotes, maturation of pre-mRNA relies on precise 3'-end processing, defects in which can lead to defective translation. More than 20 proteins in humans and yeast share homology and are involved in this processing, with defects associated with various diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Ramesh Nimma, Ajay Kumar, Zahid Gani, Anuj Gahlawat, Rahul Dilawari, Rajesh Kumar Rohilla, Hemangi Kumbhar, Prabha Garg, Sidharth Chopra, Manoj Raje, Chaaya Iyengar Raje
Summary: Infections caused by multi drug resistant (MDR) strains of Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) are increasing rapidly worldwide, leading to limited treatment options. The vitamin B6 biosynthetic pathway has been suggested as a potential antibacterial drug target in A. baumannii but remains uncharacterized. In this study, the enzyme Erythrose-4-phosphate dehydrogenase (E4PDH) (EC 1.2.1.72) was characterized through in silico and biochemical approaches, revealing its role in both the vitamin B6 biosynthetic pathway and as a cell surface receptor for human iron transport proteins.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Neha Kaushal, Apeksha Jain, Ajay Kumar, Sonu Sarraf, Aviru Kumar Basu, Chaaya Iyengar Raje, Avishek Saha
Summary: Photo-oxidase nanozymes are enzyme-mimicking materials that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon light illumination. Sulfur and nitrogen doped carbon dots (S,N-CDs) were synthesized and found to exhibit photo-oxidase activity under visible light excitation. The S,N-CDs showed a Km of 1.18 mM and a Vmax of 4.66x10(-8) Ms-1 when catalyzing the oxidation of 3,3,5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) under 525 nm illumination. Additionally, visible light illumination with S,N-CDs demonstrated bactericidal activity against Escherichia coli (E. coli), indicating the potential of S,N-CDs in increasing intracellular ROS levels.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ajay Kumar, Vishant Mahendra Boradia, Apurwa Mahajan, S. Kumaran, Manoj Raje, Chaaya Iyengar Raje
Summary: Mycobacterium tuberculosis enolase is an essential enzyme involved in glycolysis and the TCA pathway. It plays a crucial role in drug resistance and tissue invasion. This study characterizes the expression and function of enolase in different host strains and confirms its involvement in Mtb biofilm formation.
Article
Immunology
Asmita Dhiman, Sharmila Talukdar, Gaurav Kumar Chaubey, Rahul Dilawari, Radheshyam Modanwal, Surbhi Chaudhary, Anil Patidar, Vishant Mahendra Boradia, Pradeep Kumbhar, Chaaya Iyengar Raje, Manoj Raje
Summary: Mycobacterium tuberculosis has evolved mechanisms to attack host cells and cause tuberculosis, however, host directed therapies are emerging as an effective option to combat the infection. The cationic host defense peptide LL-37 has been found to internalize into cells and induce autophagy for killing the bacteria. Additionally, LL-37 interacts with the multifunctional protein GAPDH, which also moonlights as a cell surface receptor for LL-37 internalization.
JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Asmita Dhiman, Sharmila Talukdar, Gaurav Kumar Chaubey, Rahul Dilawari, Radheshyam Modanwal, Surbhi Chaudhary, Anil Patidar, Vishant Mahendra Boradia, Pradeep Kumbhar, Chaaya Iyengar Raje, Manoj Raje
Summary: Mycobacterium tuberculosis utilizes GAPDH on the surface of macrophages to internalize LL-37, an antimicrobial peptide, resulting in a reduction of M.tb burden. This process is dependent on intracellular calcium and p38 MAPK pathways.
JOURNAL OF INNATE IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Julia Jones Huyck, Kelsey L. Anbuhl, Brad N. Buran, Henry J. Adler, Samuel R. Atcherson, Ozan Cakmak, Robert T. Dwyer, Morgan Eddolls, Fadhel El May, Juergen-Theodor Fraenzer, Rebekah Funkhouser, Mathilde Gagliardini, Frederick J. Gallun, Raymond L. Goldsworthy, Samir Gouin, Joseph Heng, Ariel Edward Hight, Zina Jawadi, Damir Kovacic, Rachit Kumar, Santosh Kumar, Stacey R. Lim, Chengeng Mo, Lisa S. Nolan, Alexandra Parbery-Clark, Dominic V. Pisano, Valluri R. Rao, Robert M. Raphael, Lina A. J. Reiss, Nathaniel J. Spencer, Stephen J. Tang, Viral D. Tejani, Emma D. Tran, Mikaeel Valli, Greg D. Watkins, Rachel V. Wayne, Lindsey R. Wheeler, Stephanie L. White, Victor Wong, M. Caroline Yuk, J. Tilak Ratnanather, Peter S. Steyger
Summary: Disability is an important but often overlooked component of diversity, individuals with disabilities can bring unique perspectives to STEM fields, but are often underrepresented. Recruiting and supporting individuals with disabilities for leadership positions, as well as establishing an inclusive culture, can promote their participation and development in STEM fields.
FRONTIERS IN EDUCATION
(2021)