Review
Cell Biology
Chiara Cirelli, Giulio Tononi
Summary: Sleep is necessary for renormalizing synaptic weights after learning, which is a smart process of synaptic down-selection, explaining the beneficial effects of sleep on cognition. While some molecular mechanisms have been identified, others are still being investigated to understand how most synapses are weakened during sleep while some are protected.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Giulia Miracca, Berta Anuncibay-Soto, Kyoko Tossell, Raquel Yustos, Alexei L. Vyssotski, Nicholas P. Franks, William Wisden
Summary: The lateral preoptic hypothalamus plays a crucial role in NREM and REM sleep induction and NREM sleep homeostasis. Surprisingly, calcium signals in the lateral preoptic hypothalamus were found to be highest during REM sleep. NMDA receptors in the lateral preoptic hypothalamus were identified as the main drivers of excitation. Deleting these NMDA receptors led to insomnia and fragmented sleep patterns. The sleep fragmentation was specifically attributed to NMDA receptors on GABA neurons in the lateral preoptic hypothalamus.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Nitzan Albeck, Daniel I. Udi, Regev Eyal, Arik Shvartsman, Mark Shein-Idelson
Summary: The study found that the Agamid lizard's sleep exhibits two distinct states, similar to the sleep patterns of mammals and birds. These states switch periodically throughout the night and are believed to be related to the lizard's evolutionary history and adaptations. Unlike mammals, the lizard's sleep patterns are not sensitive to temperature variations and are associated with breathing rate, micro-movements, and eye movements.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Peter Simor, Orsolya Szalardy, Ferenc Gombos, Peter Przemyslaw Ujma, Zsofia Jordan, Laszlo Halasz, Lorand Eross, Daniel Fabo, Robert Bodizs
Summary: Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is a complex neural state involving phasic and tonic REM microstates with differing neural activity patterns. This study found increased high-alpha and beta frequency power in the anterior nuclei of the thalamus during tonic REM compared to phasic REM, as well as increased thalamocortical synchronization in the slow and fast frequency ranges during phasic REM sleep. These results suggest that different neural activity patterns in REM sleep may reflect distinct functions related to arousal regulation and emotional/memory processes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Luciana Benedetto, Mayda Rivas, Florencia Pena, Diego Serantes, Annabel Ferreira, Pablo Torterolo
Summary: The disinhibition of the mPOA region increased active maternal behaviors and reduced nursing, while disinhibition of the VLPO region increased retrievals and mouthings. These findings suggest that the mPOA plays a key role in maternal behavior regulation, while the VLPO is involved in sleep promotion.
PHYSIOLOGY & BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Michelle Herberts, Bhanuprakash Kolla, Travis Paul, Praveen Mekala, Meghna P. Mansukhani
Summary: Sleep apnea is associated with autonomic dysfunction, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, and dementia. Autonomic dysfunction caused by sleep apnea may contribute to the development of dementia. Treatment of sleep apnea may have an impact on autonomic dysfunction and cognitive outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yao Wang, Rong Guo, Bo Chen, Tanbin Rahman, Li Cai, Yizhi Li, Yan Dong, George C. Tseng, Jidong Fang, Marianne L. Seney, Yanhua H. Huang
Summary: Cocaine withdrawal leads to gene expression and electrophysiological changes in melanin-concentrating hormone neurons in the lateral hypothalamus, affecting REM sleep. Stimulation of these neurons enhances REM sleep quality and quantity after long-term withdrawal.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sooyeoun You, Kyoung Sook Won, Keun Tae Kim, Hyang Woon Lee, Yong Won Cho
Summary: I-123-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) cardiac scintigraphy was used to assess cardiac autonomic dysfunction in patients with isolated rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder, and the study found a correlation between reduced MIBG uptake and higher occurrence of REM sleep without atonia in these patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Brenton T. Laing, Megan S. Anderson, Jordi Bonaventura, Aishwarya Jayan, Sarah Sarsfield, Anjali Gajendiran, Michael Michaelides, Yeka Aponte
Summary: The study identified a cluster of glutamatergic parvalbumin-expressing neurons in the anterior hypothalamic area (AHA) that play a critical role in regulating defensive behaviors, including escape responses. Activation of these AHA(PV) neurons increased during exposure to a predator and triggered aversive responses. Neurotransmission between AHA(PV) neurons and the dorsal premammillary nucleus (PMD) was found to be involved in escape responses. The ablation of AHA(PV) neurons impaired escape responses but had no effect on anxiety-like behavior. Whole-brain metabolic mapping revealed activation of downstream areas such as the amygdala and substantia nigra. This study expands our understanding of the neuronal circuits underlying fight-or-flight responses and has important implications for studying neuropsychiatric disorders like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Article
Biology
Miguel Antonio Xavier de Lima, Marcus Vinicius C. Baldo, Fernando A. Oliveira, Newton Sabino Canteras
Summary: This study reveals the important role of the anterior cingulate area (ACA) in the acquisition and expression of contextual fear in mice.
Review
Neurosciences
Yousuke Tsuneoka, Hiromasa Funato
Summary: The preoptic area (POA) is recognized as a sleep center and is involved in regulating various innate functions such as sexual and parental behaviors. Different subregions within the POA show distinct gene and protein expressions, contributing to its roles in sleep and reproductive behavior. Neurons in the POA exhibit diverse activity patterns depending on vigilance states, and play a role in enhancing or suppressing wake, non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, or rapid eye movement (REM) sleep.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Amir Ashraf-Ganjouei, Kamyar Moradi, Mohammadhadi Aarabi, AmirHussein Abdolalizadeh, Seyedeh Zahra Kazemi, Amir Kasaeian, Zahra Vahabi
Summary: In this study, PD patients with RBD were found to have more severe autonomic dysfunction compared to those without RBD. The SCOPA-AUT scores showed significant differences between the two groups, indicating a more pronounced decline in autonomic function in PD patients with RBD. These findings support the theory that PD patients can be categorized based on clinical presentation, possibly reflecting differences in disease pathophysiology.
JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Bibi A. Sulaman, Su Wang, Jean Tyan, Ada Eban-Rothschild
Summary: In recent years, technological advances have provided a detailed understanding of the functions of different neuronal populations and circuits in sleep-wake regulation. This article summarizes recent progress in the study of the circuitry underlying the initiation, maintenance, and coordination of different sleep states. It proposes a de-arousal model for sleep initiation and discusses how brain processes related to thermoregulation, hunger, and fear intersect with sleep-wake circuits.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jeong Hun Yang, Sang Ho Choi, Mi Hyun Lee, Seong Min Oh, Jae-Won Choi, Jee Eun Park, Kwang Suk Park, Yu Jin Lee
Summary: The study revealed decreased cardiac autonomic function in patients with iRBD, showing parasympathetic predominance. Heart rate variability of iRBD patients was associated with quantified tonic RSWA.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL SLEEP MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Snezana Milosavljevic, Andrew K. Smith, Courtney J. Wright, Homayoun Valafar, Ana Pocivavsek
Summary: Dysregulated sleep is commonly reported in individuals with neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. The physiology and pathogenesis of these disorders suggest abnormal metabolism of tryptophan via the kynurenine pathway, leading to increased levels of the neuroactive metabolite kynurenic acid (KYNA). This study investigated the hypothesis that elevated KYNA contributes to sleep dysfunction and examined the effects of pharmacological inhibition of the enzyme KAT II on sleep quality.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Letter
Surgery
Matteo Ravaioli, Guido Fallani, Matteo Cerri, Enrico Prosperi, Carla Serra, Antonia D'Errico, Matteo Serenari, Giuliana Germinario, Matteo Renzulli, Federico Contedini, Federica Odaldi, Lorenzo Maroni, Antonio Siniscalchi, Matteo Cescon, Daniel Azoulay
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Review
Biology
Anggraeini Puspitasari, Matteo Cerri, Akihisa Takahashi, Yukari Yoshida, Kenji Hanamura, Walter Tinganelli
Summary: With the advancement of technology, human exploration beyond Earth's boundaries is becoming more promising. However, the challenges of gravity and radiation in space pose significant limitations. While solutions for the lack of gravity are being developed, the issue of radiation remains unclear. The concept of synthetic hibernation shows potential in mitigating the effects of radiation exposure for future interplanetary missions.
Letter
Surgery
Matteo Ravaioli, Giuliana Germinario, Matteo Cerri, Enrico Prosperi, Guido Fallani, Francesco Vasuri, Matteo Serenari, Federica Odaldi, Lorenzo Maroni, Antonio Siniscalchi, Matteo Cescon, Matteo Renzulli
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Gianluca Sgarbi, Timna Hitrec, Roberto Amici, Alessandra Baracca, Alessia Di Cristoforo, Francesca Liuzzi, Marco Luppi, Giancarlo Solaini, Fabio Squarcio, Giovanni Zamboni, Matteo Cerri
Summary: The ability to induce hypothermia resembling natural torpor has significant benefits. Two pharmacological procedures based on central nervous manipulation have proven effective in lowering body temperature in non-hibernating rats. The role of mitochondria in centrally induced hypothermia in non-hibernators is still not well understood.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roberto Morelli, Luca Clissa, Roberto Amici, Matteo Cerri, Timna Hitrec, Marco Luppi, Lorenzo Rinaldi, Fabio Squarcio, Antonio Zoccoli
Summary: Counting cells in fluorescent microscopy is a tedious task that can be improved using deep learning methods, such as the proposed c-ResUnet model. Through ablation studies, the impact of design choices like artifacts oversampling and weight maps are evaluated and found to enhance overall performance. The release of the pre-trained model and annotated dataset aims to foster research in this field and related areas.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael Ambler, Timna Hitrec, Andrew Wilson, Matteo Cerri, Anthony Pickering
Summary: Recent research has discovered that the preoptic area of the hypothalamus and the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) are involved in the regulation of daily torpor in mice. Using activity-dependent genetic techniques, scientists were able to target and manipulate DMH neurons to promote or inhibit torpor. This study further supports the role of these neurons in controlling torpor.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Fabio Squarcio, Timna Hitrec, Emiliana Piscitiello, Matteo Cerri, Catia Giovannini, Davide Martelli, Alessandra Occhinegro, Ludovico Taddei, Domenico Tupone, Roberto Amici, Marco Luppi
Summary: The study reveals that synthetic torpor induces reversible hyperphosphorylation of Tau protein in the rat brain, involving various cellular and systemic factors. This process is accompanied by transient neuroinflammation.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matteo Cerri, Jurgen Bereiter-Hahn, Gerhard Heldmaier, Alexander Chouker, Leopold Summerer
Article
Physiology
Timna Hitrec, Fabio Squarcio, Emiliana Piscitiello, Matteo Cerri, Davide Martelli, Alessandra Occhinegro, Ludovico Taddei, Domenico Tupone, Roberto Amici, Marco Luppi
Summary: A short-term sleep deprivation soon after regaining euthermia can enhance the reversibility of Tau protein hyperphosphorylation induced by torpor, possibly due to higher body temperature, melatonin levels, and resting phenotype of microglia. This finding suggests that sleep deprivation may boost a latent neuroprotective mechanism.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMICAL SYSTEMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Fabio Squarcio, Timna Hitrec, Marco Luppi, Davide Martelli, Alessandra Occhinegro, Emiliana Piscitiello, Ludovico Taddei, Domenico Tupone, Roberto Amici, Matteo Cerri
Summary: Rats emit a distress call of 22-kHz ultrasonic vocalisation to warn their group of danger. Surprisingly, this study found that rats can emit these vocalisations during REM sleep, but not during non-REM sleep. The emission occurs during the expiratory phase and can happen singularly or as a train. This is the first report to demonstrate rats vocalising during REM sleep.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anggraeini Puspitasari, Fabio Squarcio, Martina Quartieri, Cristina Totis, Timna Hitrec, Akihisa Takahashi, Yukari Yoshida, Kenji Hanamura, Tomoko Yako, Matteo Cerri, Palma Simoniello, Marco Durante, Walter Tinganelli
Summary: Hibernation or torpor is a potential method to protect astronauts from space radiation, and it involves reducing skin temperature and increasing survival rate. Synthetic torpor also delays DNA repair and suppresses radiation-induced mitotic catastrophe.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
A. Occhinegro, R. Amici, M. Cerri, T. Hitrec, D. Martelli, E. Piscitiello, F. Squarcio, L. Taddei, D. Tupone, M. Luppi
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Radwa H. Lutfy, Sherine Abdel Salam, Haitham S. Mohammed, Marwa M. Shakweer, Amina E. Essawy
Summary: Insufficient sleep is associated with impaired hypothalamic activity and declined attentional performance. This study found that near-infrared (NIR) laser therapy can alleviate the effects of sleep deprivation on the hypothalamus, enhance antioxidant status, suppress neuroinflammation, and regulate cellular activity.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Durmus Ali Aslanlar, Emin Fatih Visneci, Mehmet Oz, K. Esra Nurullahoglu Atalik
Summary: Mood disorders caused by chemotherapy have become more important as cancer patients' survival increases. This study used methotrexate to induce mood disorders in rats and found that treatment with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can alleviate anxiety and depression-like behaviors, increase antioxidant capacity, reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response, and regulate brain chemistry. The findings suggest that NAC treatment could be an effective strategy in revising the treatment for individuals suffering from chemotherapy-induced mood disorders.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Yunfan Zhang, Yunbin Zhang, Zhuangfei Chen, Ping Ren, Yu Fu
Summary: This study systematically investigated the effects of extremely low intensity HF-rTMS on cognition in mice and found that 40 Hz rTMS significantly impaired exploratory behavior and spatial memory at both 10 mT and 1 mT conditions. Additionally, 40 Hz stimulation had remarkably different effects on exploratory behavior depending on intensity, compared to 10 Hz stimulation.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Xuan Xuan, Guangling Zheng, Wenjia Zhu, Qionghua Sun, Yawei Zeng, Juan Du, Xusheng Huang
Summary: This study examines the functional characteristics of the cerebellum in individuals with sALS and their correlation with clinical data. The results show changes in both local and global functional connectivity in the cerebellum of sALS patients, suggesting a pathophysiological role of the cerebellum in sALS.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Mehdi Rezaei, Mohammad Mahdi Shariat Bagheri
Summary: This study examined the efficacy of tDCS for PTSD and related symptoms, as well as the factors that may predict response to tDCS. The results showed that tDCS had a positive effect in reducing symptoms of PTSD, depression, anxiety, and anhedonia. The severity of symptoms at baseline may also predict the response to tDCS.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Huimin Wu, Yiqun Guo, Yaoyao Zhang, Le Zhao, Cheng Guo
Summary: Aggression can have serious consequences, but little is known about its personality and neurological origins in children. This study investigated the relationship between self-esteem, aggression, and brain structure in healthy children, and found that self-esteem was negatively associated with aggression. The study also revealed that increased cortical thickness in certain brain areas may be a potential mechanism linking low self-esteem to aggression in children.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Xinmei Deng, Kexin Chen, Xiaoming Chen, Lin Zhang, Mingping Lin, Xiaoqing Li, Qiufeng Gao
Summary: Parental involvement affects the relationship and communication between parents and adolescents. This study found that high parental involvement is associated with stronger brain-to-brain synchrony during shared positive emotional experiences, while low parental involvement is associated with stronger synchrony during shared negative emotional experiences.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Xin Deng, I. -Shuo Huang, Kourtlin Williams, Marcy L. Wainwright, Paul Zimba, Riccardo Mozzachiodi
Summary: Food deprivation can lead to neurological dysfunctions, including memory impairment. This study used Aplysia as an animal model to investigate the memory deficits caused by prolonged food deprivation. The results showed that 14 days of food deprivation decreased the level of 5-HT in the hemolymph, which contributed to the lack of sensitization and its cellular correlates. However, exogenous application of 5-HT partially induced sensitization in the food deprived animals.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ihori Kobayashi, Patrick A. Forcelli
Summary: The study found that intervention with the dual orexin receptor antagonist suvorexant did not have the expected effects on extinction memory and sleep. Higher percentages of REM sleep were associated with poorer extinction memory recall and stronger fear responses. Additionally, the fear extinction training protocol used in this study did not lead to complete fear extinction.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Jiyan Xu, Xinlu Chen, Shuai Liu, Ziqi Wei, Minhui Xu, Linhao Jiang, Xue Han, Liangyu Peng, Xiaoping Gu, Tianjiao Xia
Summary: This study investigated the effects of nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) on oxidative stress and cognitive function in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) mice. The results showed that NMN pretreatment reduced oxidative stress damage and alleviated cognitive impairment in POCD mice.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Song Liu, Qiang Wu, Liyue Wang, Cong Xing, Junrui Guo, Baicao Li, Hongpeng Ma, Hao Zhong, Mi Zhou, Shibo Zhu, Rusen Zhu, Guangzhi Ning
Summary: In this study, a systematic assessment indicator was developed to objectively evaluate hindlimb motor function recovery in rats after thoracic contusion SCI. By screening CatWalk XT gait parameters and using exploratory factor analysis, 38 suitable parameters for assessing motor function were identified. A reliable Coordinated Function Index (CFI) was proposed based on these parameters and simplified for improved assessment efficacy.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Kyosuke Shiga, Shota Miyaguchi, Yasuto Inukai, Naofumi Otsuru, Hideaki Onishi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) on microscale learning in implicit motor tasks. Contrary to expectations, the results showed that the stimulation protocol had no significant effects on microscale learning, revealing a novel aspect of microscale learning in implicit motor tasks.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Cahide Aslan, Rahime Aslankoc, Ozlem Ozmen, Buse Nur Suluk, Oguzhan Kavrik, Nurhan Gumral
Summary: This study examined the negative effects of high fructose corn syrup on prefrontal cortex damage in adolescent rats, as well as the protective role of vitamin D.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Matin Baghani, Arad Bolouri-Roudsari, Reyhaneh Askari, Abbas Haghparast
Summary: The study suggests that the orexinergic system in the dentate gyrus region of the brain may act as an endogenous pain control system and a potential target for treating stress-related disorders.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Sen Zhou, Yang Liu, Binbin Xue, Peigen Yuan
Summary: This study confirmed that low-dose Esketamine alleviates LPS-induced depressive symptoms by regulating the GSK-3 beta/NLRP3 pathway. Appropriate doses of Esketamine are essential for the treatment of depression in the clinical setting.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2024)
