Article
Geography, Physical
Enqing Huang, Shihe Wang, Sihua Wei, Zijie Yuan, Jun Tian
Summary: This study quantifies changes in the intensity of the East Asia winter monsoon (EAWM) over tropical East Asia using reconstructions and model simulations. The results show a decline of the EAWM intensity along with precessional changes, with a 15% decrease over the Holocene and a larger weakening over MIS 5e. Two mechanisms, including changes in winter insolation and increased El Nino activity, contribute to the interglacial variations of the EAWM over the South China Sea.
GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Fangwen Bao, Tianhai Cheng, Ying Li, Shuaiyi Shi, Hong Guo, Yu Wu
Summary: This study proposes an algorithm to indirectly obtain aerosol SSA from VIIRS and characterize aerosol absorption over East Asia. The new parameterization scheme and updated aerosol assumptions make the algorithm work efficiently, achieving reasonable estimations under high aerosol loading conditions. The new SSA results show expected correlations with ground-based sun photometers, especially for high aerosol loading, with better correlations, lower mean biases, and most retrievals falling within the expected error envelope.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Zhenqing Zhang, Qiang Yao, Kam-biu Liu, Lin Li, Rui Yin, Guoping Wang, Jimin Sun
Summary: Understanding the historical flooding regime and its driving mechanisms provides valuable insights into future disaster prediction. By reconstructing paleo-flooding activities along the upper Amur River Delta, it was found that the EASM circulation and associated precipitation played a critical role in the evolution of flooding regime during the Late-Holocene, except for the last 0.2 ka BP where increased coarse sand accumulation rate may be attributed to human-induced floods rather than long-term climate influence.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Liangtao Ye, Lei Gao, Mengyuan Han, Yongfei Li, Xiayun Xiao, Hao Long
Summary: This study provides a 53,000-year paleoclimate record from the northern Yangtze Delta, showing a 'warm-cool-cold' pattern in the MIS 3 period. The results are broadly consistent with other climate proxies in the East Asian monsoon region and beyond. The study also suggests that precipitation variability in MIS 3 may be influenced by interhemispheric insolation forcing.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shidong Fan, Ying Li
Summary: The relationships between oceanic emissions and air chemistry are complex and not fully understood. The impact of marine halogen emissions on the hydroxyl (OH) radical is crucial for regional air chemistry. This study aims to quantify the influence of marine-emitted halogens on OH and analyzes the pathways through which these halogens affect OH. Results show a complex response of OH production rate to marine halogen emissions, with both increases and decreases observed in different regions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yong-Woo Kim, Sung-Joon Chang, Michael Witek, Jieyuan Ning, Jingchong Wen
Summary: Through seismic measurements, it is found that the mechanism of some volcanoes in East Asia may be related to the stagnant Pacific slab, possibly triggered by subduction-induced upwelling or deep dehydration. Additionally, tilted high-velocity anomalies are discovered in the North China region, suggesting lithospheric delamination, and intraplate volcanoes may be the result of decompression melting after delamination.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Syuichi Itahashi, Shohei Hattori, Akinori Ito, Yasuhiro Sadanaga, Naohiro Yoshida, Atsushi Matsuki
Summary: This study improves the modeling of SO42??? formation processes using the mass-independent oxygen isotopic composition [17O-excess; ??17O(SO42???)], and highlights the importance of dust and high metal solubility in the formation of SO42??? in the region downstream of China.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sureshkumar Muthukumaran
Summary: This paper provides an overview of the transfer of crops from South Asia to the Middle East and the Mediterranean during the period of 3000 to 1000 BCE. It primarily relies on textual sources and examines the implications of this early diffusion for the subsequent spread of tropical and sub-tropical crops in these regions.
VEGETATION HISTORY AND ARCHAEOBOTANY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fengfeng Sui, Yaxin Kang, Hao Wu, Hao Li, Jingbo Wang, Stephen Joseph, Paul Munroe, Lianqing Li, Genxing Pan
Summary: The study investigated the effects of Fe-modified Si-rich and S-rich biochars on Cd translocation in the soil-rice system. The results showed that Fe-modified biochars could reduce Cd concentrations in rice grains, with BRH biochar demonstrating the most effective remediation in paddy soil.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Junri Zhao, Yan Zhang, Haoran Xu, Shu Tao, Rong Wang, Qi Yu, Ying Chen, Zhong Zou, Weichun Ma
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of vanadium and nickel emissions from shipping on air quality in East Asia in 2015, finding that ship emissions contribute significantly to these trace metals in the region. The research shows an improvement in the model performance of predicting vanadium and nickel concentrations after including shipping emissions. The study highlights the importance of considering shipping traffic in regional air quality assessments, despite the implementation of low-sulfur fuel policies.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Kathy Leung, Mark Jit, Gabriel M. Leung, Joseph T. Wu
Summary: Increasing primary vaccination coverage is crucial in reducing COVID-19 hospitalisations, especially when population vaccine coverage or vaccine uptake among older adults is low. Providing antivirals to 50% of symptomatic infections further reduces total and peak hospitalisations by 10-13%.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
S. P. Nesterov
Summary: This study focuses on the beginning of the Early Iron Age in the Far East. The research reveals a lack of synchrony in the appearance of bronze artifacts in different cultures in the region, while iron and cast iron were widely distributed in certain cultures. The earliest iron artifacts were found in the western parts of the Amur basin, and bronze artifacts were widely distributed in other cultures during the Shang and Western Zhou stages, as well as in southern Siberia and Central Asia.
ARCHAEOLOGY ETHNOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY OF EURASIA
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Roland Chanet, Dorothee Baille, Marie-Pierre Golinelli-Cohen, Sylvie Riquier, Olivier Guittet, Michel Lepoivre, Meng-Er Huang, Laurence Vernis
Summary: The [4Fe-4S] cluster in B-type eukaryotic polymerases, specifically in Pol delta, plays a crucial role in DNA replication by ensuring the stability of the polymerase complex. Impaired coordination of the Fe-S cluster results in massive DNA damage, checkpoint activation, and ultimately cell death due to overwhelming repair requirements. This suggests that compromised Fe-S cluster coordination in Pol delta may contribute to induced genomic instability and cell death under various stress conditions, similar to observations in pol3-13 cells.
G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Lars Seidelin, Thomas R. S. Albrechtsen, Katrin Schoeps, Marianne Holmer, Magnus Wahlberg
Summary: Introducing a study event on artificial reefs in teaching marine biology in lower and upper secondary schools significantly increased students' interest in natural sciences and marine biology. There were gender differences in the development of situational interest in science and oceans, with females showing higher interest levels.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL EDUCATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Florian Mauffrey, Tristan Cordier, Laure Apotheloz-Perret-Gentil, Kristina Cermakova, Thomas Merzi, Matthieu Delefosse, Philippe Blanc, Jan Pawlowski
Summary: This study demonstrates that eDNA metabarcoding is a more efficient and cost-effective alternative to traditional morphology-based monitoring, as seen through the analysis of benthic eukaryotic communities near offshore oil and gas platforms in the North Sea.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuzhou Huang, Xi Xiao, Kokoette Effiong, Caicai Xu, Zhinan Su, Jing Hu, Shaojun Jiao, Marianne Holmer
Summary: The study revealed significant accumulation of microplastics in blue carbon ecosystems, particularly in mangrove and seagrass habitats. There was a strong positive correlation between microplastic abundance and particulate organic carbon content in sediment. The research provided insights into the mechanism of microplastic trapping by BCEs and its relationship with organic carbon.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sandra W. Thorsen, Marianne Holmer, Cintia O. Quintana, Thomas Valdemarsen, Erik Kristensen
Summary: The managed realignment of the Gyldensteen Coastal Lagoon after flooding agricultural land resulted in a succession of macroalgae and benthic cyanobacteria over 5 years. A bloom of green macroalgae dominated by Cladophora spp. occurred in the first year, followed by increased species richness and a cyanobacterial bloom controlled by declining nitrogen concentrations in the water. After 5 years, the lagoon reached a tipping point where changes in nitrogen and phosphorus ratios influenced the balance between cyanobacteria blooms and high macroalgal species richness.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Per-Olav Moksnes, Maria Emilia Rohr, Marianne Holmer, Johan S. Eklof, Louise Eriander, Eduardo Infantes, Christoffer Bostrom
Summary: The study reveals that the loss of eelgrass meadows can result in significant release of carbon and nitrogen, with higher vulnerability in sheltered meadows. The findings highlight the important role of seagrass as sinks for carbon and nutrients, and emphasize the need to consider the risk of nutrient release in the spatial management of seagrass and other coastal habitats.
Article
Oceanography
Yaoru Pan, Mogens Flindt, Peter Schneider-Kamp, Marianne Holmer
Summary: Beach wrack, part of blue carbon ecosystems, has ecological values but excess accumulation can be problematic. This study demonstrates that UAVs can be a cost-effective tool for mapping and monitoring beach wrack, aiding in coastal environmental management.
OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yaoru Pan, Naeem Ayoub, Peter Schneider-Kamp, Mogens Flindt, Marianne Holmer
Summary: This study conducted a monitoring survey on a semi-sheltered beach in Odense Fjord, Denmark using camera trap data. By utilizing deep learning with a VGG network and combining it with color-based segmentation, the study successfully determined the coverage of beach wrack and analyzed the impact of environmental variables on its movement.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maria E. Asplund, Stefano Bonaglia, Christoffer Bostrom, Martin Dahl, Diana Deyanova, Karine Gagnon, Martin Gullstrom, Marianne Holmer, Mats Bjork
Summary: Shallow coastal soft bottoms are important carbon sinks, with Nordic seagrass meadows having a high capacity for carbon storage. The relatively low methane emissions from these meadows do not outweigh their importance as carbon sinks.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Susanne Baden, Stein Fredriksen, Hartvig Christie, Louise Eriander, Camilla Gustafsson, Marianne Holmer, Birgit Olesen, Jonas Thormar, Christoffer Bostrom
Summary: In this study, a short-term field sampling was conducted, complemented with time integrating stable isotope analysis, to holistically investigate the status and ecological interactions in a remote NE Atlantic Zostera marina meadow. The study found high nutrient water concentrations, large biomass of fast-growing, ephemeral macroalgae, low abundance and biodiversity of epifauna, and a food web with thornback ray as intermediate and cod as top predator. The results indicated that the Finnoya Zostera ecosystem is eutrophicated. The study concluded that bottom-up regulation is a predominant driver of change since top-down regulation is generally weak in low density and exposed Zostera ecosystems such as Finnoya.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Dorte Krause-Jensen, Hege Gundersen, Mats Bjoerk, Martin Gullstroem, Martin Dahl, Maria E. Asplund, Christoffer Bostroem, Marianne Holmer, Gary T. Banta, Anna Elizabeth Lovgren Graversen, Morten Foldager Pedersen, Trine Bekkby, Helene Frigstad, Solrun Figenschau Skjellum, Jonas Thormar, Steen Gyldenkaerne, Jennifer Howard, Emily Pidgeon, Sunna Bjoerk Ragnarsdottir, Agnes Mols-Mortensen, Kasper Hancke
Summary: Vegetated coastal and marine habitats in the Nordic region, such as salt marshes, eelgrass meadows, and brown macroalgae, play a crucial role in the storage of organic carbon (Blue Carbon - BC), coastal protection, biodiversity, and water quality. The existing knowledge on Nordic BC habitats is incomplete, but indicates substantial BC stocks. However, more research is needed to provide a robust estimate of Nordic BC stocks and sequestration rates, as well as improved coordination at national and regional levels.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Kasper Elgetti Brodersen, Stacey M. Trevathan-Tackett, Fanny Noisette, Mats Bjork, Anthony W. D. Larkum, Marianne Holmer, Michael Kuhl
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Limnology
Carmen Leiva-Duenas, Anna Elizabeth Lovgren Graversen, Gary T. T. Banta, Marianne Holmer, Pere Masque, Peter Anton Upadhyay Staehr, Dorte Krause-Jensen
Summary: This study assesses the sediment stocks and sequestration rates of organic carbon (OC) and nitrogen (N) within Danish eelgrass meadows. The results showed that the sediment stocks of OC and N did not differ significantly between eelgrass meadows and unvegetated sediments, and their accumulation rates were influenced by sediment grain size, organic matter source, and hydrodynamic exposure.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Camilo Escobar-Sierra, Willemien de Kock, Harald Hasler-Sheetal, Marianne Holmer, Giorgos Chatzigeorgiou, Manolis Tsapakis, Eugenia T. Apostolaki
Summary: The study aimed to understand the mechanisms behind the impact of nutrient enrichment on the interactions between a subtidal macroalgae community and the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus. The results showed that nutrient input led to changes in the macroalgal community, with a shift to turf-forming species and an increase in invasive algae. Stable isotope analysis revealed nitrogen enrichment in the macroalgae and its transfer to P. lividus. Metabolomic analysis indicated stress in P. lividus at an intermediate distance from aquaculture. The combination of traditional ecology and omics technology can uncover both sublethal effects of nutrient loading and species interactions.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jimmy de Fouw, Marianne Holmer, Pedro Beca-Carretero, Christoffer Bostrom, Jessica Brice, Fernando G. Brun, Peter M. J. M. Cruijsen, Laura L. Govers, Joxe Mikel Garmendia, Lukas Meysick, Liina Pajusalu, Jonathan Richir, Bjorn Robroek, Mireia Valle, Paul van der Ven, Johan S. Eklof, Tjisse van der Heide
Summary: Coastal ecosystem functioning relies on foundation species that engage in positive interactions to mitigate environmental stress. Seagrasses are important foundation species in coastal zones, but they are rapidly declining due to global change-related stress. Recent studies have shown that seagrasses can engage in a mutualistic relationship with lucinid bivalves that alleviate sulphide toxicity. However, the generality and importance of this mutualism under different environmental conditions are still unknown.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jing Hu, Effiong Kokoette, Caicai Xu, Shitao Huang, Tao Tang, Yiyi Zhang, Muyuan Liu, Yuzhou Huang, Shumiao Yu, Jie Zhu, Marianne Holmer, Xi Xiao
Summary: Manipulating the decomposition of agricultural straws by white-rot fungi can enhance the antialgal efficiency and lead to the discovery of new allelochemicals called sphingosines. These sphingosines exhibit superior antialgal capability, with lower effective concentration compared to other known antialgal chemicals. The growth suppression of algae is triggered by programmed cell death, dysfunction of photosystem and antioxidant system, and disruption of CO2 assimilation and light absorption.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jeffrey M. Schell, Deborah S. Goodwin, Rebecca H. Volk, Amy N. S. Siuda
Summary: Understanding the environmental tolerances and growth rates of different species of macroalgae is crucial for predicting their spatial and temporal dynamics. This study found that different morphotypes of Sargassum exhibited varying responses to temperature and salinity conditions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Erika Valzauez-Delfin, Carmen Galindo-De Santiago, Arely Paredes-Chi, Ameyalli Rios-Vazquez, Ana Benavides-Lahnstein, Kaysara Khatun, Juliet Brodie
Summary: Massive strandings of seaweed on the eastern coasts of the Yucat ' an peninsula, Mexico have become a major socioecological problem. A citizen science initiative, Big Seaweed Search Mexico (BSS-Mx), was developed to monitor temporal changes in the biomass stranded. The results represent baseline information that should be considered to develop management strategies and marine conservation actions according to each region.
Review
Plant Sciences
Lee H. Dietterich, Suhey Ortiz Rosa, Bianca R. Charbonneau, S. Kyle McKay
Summary: Riverine macrophytes play crucial ecological roles in river ecosystems, but their growth models have received relatively limited attention compared to other aquatic or terrestrial plants. This systematic review reveals that current models often overlook important factors such as shading and the role of macrophytes in nutrient cycles. Future research should focus on exploring these factors and developing a conceptual framework to guide macrophyte growth modeling. Emphasizing modularity and accessibility is also important for improving efforts to model and manage riverine ecosystems.
Review
Plant Sciences
Alba Martin, Jordi Corbera, Oriol Cano, Catherine Preece, Josep Penuelas, Francesc Sabater, Marcos Fernandez-Martinez
Summary: Bryophytes can play a significant role in ecosystem processes and hold potential as bio-indicators for monitoring environmental pollution. This study examined the effects of NO3- pollution on the elemental composition of aquatic and semi-aquatic bryophytes and identified suitable species as bio-indicators. Higher NO3- concentrations were found in spring water from intense farming and urban areas, positively correlated with N content and delta N-15 isotope ratio in bryophytes. Apopellia endiviifolia and Oxyrrhynchium speciosum were highlighted as promising candidates for bio-indication of aquatic NO3- pollution.
Article
Plant Sciences
Christine B. Rohal, Carrie Reinhardt Adams, Charles W. Martin, Sarah Tevlin, Laura K. Reynolds
Summary: This study investigated the seed production, seed banking, and germination cues of sub-tropical Vallisneria americana. It was found that the seeds of sub-tropical populations were dormant and could only germinate in the presence of organic material, light, or following scarification. Germination rate was enhanced by the presence of low-oxygen organic sediments and ethanol. These findings suggest a germination strategy focused on exploiting openings in existing vegetation following disturbance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Fabiano Faga, Carlos Frederico Deluqui Gurgel
Summary: Climate change is altering the distribution of marine biota, including Sargassum species. Future changes in abiotic variables are predicted to cause shifts in the latitudinal range and suitability area of Sargassum species. These changes may have significant impacts on marine ecosystems.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ulo Mander, Martin Maddison, Alex C. Valach, Kaido Soosaar, Keit Kill, Kuno Kasak
Summary: Constructed wetlands treating runoff from agricultural catchments can reduce nutrient load of water, but they can also be significant sources of greenhouse gases, especially methane. This study assessed methane emission potentials and phosphorus removal efficiency in a 0.45 ha in-stream surface flow constructed wetland, and analyzed the temporal dynamics of methane emissions and phosphorus removal over a nearly 4-year period. The results showed a clear seasonal dynamic in phosphorus removal efficiency and an increasing trend in methane emissions over the years, with the majority of methane fluxes occurring during the warm period. Maintenance of the wetland and regular removal of aboveground vegetation can reduce methane emissions, and regular sediment removal is also necessary due to phosphorus saturation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Monsif El Madany, Mustapha Hassoun, Fatima El Aamri, Noureddine El Mtili
Summary: The non-indigenous brown alga Rugulopteryx okamurae is invading and proliferating massively in the northwest of Morocco, including the Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jessa May Malanguis, Tim Sierens, Ludwig Triest
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of movement ecology and dispersal mechanism in the dynamics and resilience of seagrass populations and ecosystems. The comparison of genetic diversity and fine-scaled structure of two co-occurring seagrass species reveals the significance of different survival strategies and reproductive modes. These findings have important implications for conservation efforts, suggesting the preservation of natural expansion and local seed recruitment for successful conservation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Zhi-Huan Chen, Rui Zhang, Jun-Cai Xin, Zi-Han Qian, Shu-Jie Wang, Shang-Yan Qiu, Xue-Ge He, Chao Si
Summary: Nutrient availability and light intensity play important roles in the expansion of amphibious clonal plants from terrestrial to aquatic habitats. High nutrient levels and light conditions promote the growth of the apical portions and overall performance of the clones. Maintaining clonal integration can benefit the expansion of the plants by optimizing resource utilization. These findings have implications for predicting community dynamics and vegetation restoration in ecotones like wetlands.