Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. Verma, S. Sugathan, S. Bhattacharyya, R. Mukherjee
Summary: In this study, a three-dimensional phase-field model was developed to simulate concurrent capillary-driven grain growth and surface diffusion-controlled thermal grooving. By investigating the influence of film thickness and surface diffusivity on the interactions between thermal grooving and grain growth, it was found that the degree of stagnation of grain boundaries increases due to the modification of boundary curvature normal to the film surface.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Sara Nobakht, Robabeh Talebzadeh, Samad Sobhanian, Hamid Naghshara, Mohammad Kouhi
Summary: This study experimentally investigated the changes in the structural and optical properties of ZnO thin film on glass substrate due to gamma radiation emitted by Co-60, and explored the relationship between ZnO semiconductor optical energy gap and the rates of transmission and absorption at different doses of gamma radiation. The results showed that factors such as dose, substrate temperature, and oxygen percentage in the working gas mixture can affect the transmission and reflection rates.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Optics
Atif Jan, Nives Strkalj, Xuan Trung Nguyen, Judith L. MacManus-Driscoll, Giuliana Di Martino
Summary: In this study, the suitability of fourteen commonly used single-crystal substrates for Raman spectroscopy of thin films was evaluated. The optimal wavenumber ranges for thin-film characterization were determined and the intensity of background signals across substrates was compared.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
N. Almutlaq, A. F. Al-Hossainy, M. Sh Zoromba
Summary: Hydrochloric acid doped poly (p-nitroaniline -co- o-aminophenol) [PpNAoAP] was synthesized and a thin film was fabricated, characterized, and optimized. The optical properties of the film were in good agreement with the computational results, indicating its potential for optoelectronic devices and polymer-solar cell applications.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
M. Bouachri, M. Oubakalla, H. El Farri, Carlos Diaz-Guerra, J. Mhalla, J. Zimou, A. El-Habib, M. Beraich, K. Nouneh, M. Fahoume, Paloma Fernandez, A. Ouannou
Summary: Bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3) nanostructured films were deposited on glass substrates using a spray pyrolysis method. The effect of substrate temperature on the structural, morphological, and optical properties of the films was studied. The experimental and theoretical results suggest that our bismuth sulfide thin films can be suitable materials for light-harvesting in solar cell devices.
Article
Optics
Shammas Mushtaq, Sofia Akbar Tahir, Arslan Ashfaq, Waqas Ahmad, Adnan Baig, Ubaid ur Rehman, Rabia Saeed, M. Haneef, Kainat Shabbir, Khushi Muhammad Khan
Summary: In this study, ZnS thin films were prepared using chemical bath deposition method and the effect of ammonia on their optical properties was investigated. The results showed that ZnS films treated with ammonia exhibited better crystalline structure and optical quality, indicating their potential advantages in optoelectronics and photovoltaic applications.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Md Ferdous Rahman, Md Mahabub Alam Moon, Md Hasan Ali, Shamim Ahmmed, Samia Tabassum, Jaker Hossain, Abu Bakar Md Ismail
Summary: The microstructural, crystallographic, morphological, and optical properties of thiol-amine cosolvent-assisted Triton X-100 surfactant-induced cadmium sulfide (CdS) thin-films spin-coated on soda-lime glass substrates at room temperature and annealed under different conditions were investigated. The annealing environment was found to significantly influence the properties of the CdS films, with changes observed in phase transition, crystal size, and surface morphology. These results highlight the importance of annealing environment in tailoring the application-specific properties of CdS films.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ola Aaroen, Enrico Riccardi, Titus S. van Erp, Marit Sletmoen
Summary: Coalescence is a critical phenomenon in separation and transport processes, and understanding it can improve models predicting emulsion stability and separation. This study used optical tweezers and molecular simulation to investigate thin film rupture in coalescence events, identifying a potential relationship between disruption of the electrical double layer and nanocrystal formation with thin film breakage times and depletion forces.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Binbin Xin, Arnaud Le Febvrier, Lei Wang, Niclas Solin, Biplab Paul, Per Eklund
Summary: Highly pure CaxCoO2 thin films were successfully obtained through annealing multilayers, with excellent optical properties and the possibility to increase electrical conductivity by introducing a secondary phase. This study provides a new method for the preparation of solid-state oxide thin films.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Pooja Sarker, Sapan Kumar Sen, M. N. H. Mia, M. F. Pervez, A. A. Mortuza, Sazzad Hossain, M. F. Mortuza, M. H. Ali, Salahuddin Nur, Humayun Kabir, M. A. M. Chowdhury
Summary: This study explores the significant impacts of gamma irradiation on CuO thin films prepared using thermal spray pyrolysis technique on glass substrates. The research reveals changes in crystallographic, microstructural, and optical characteristics of the films, including a decrease in crystallite size, increase in dislocation density and lattice strain, as well as a reduction in optical energy band gap energies.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
E. Empting, M. Klopotek, A. Hinderhofer, F. Schreiber, M. Oettel
Summary: Thin-film growth is investigated in two types of lattice gas models with unequal interaction energy parameters for substrate and film particles. The models exhibit dynamic layering and flattening transitions, with the difference between particle-substrate and particle-particle interactions playing a central role for film morphology evolution at intermediate times.
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
Jing Yang, Jiangtao Xu, Dagang Miao, Shouxiang Jiang
Summary: In this study, CZTS thin films were fabricated using different argon flow rates to control compositional variations, with films sputtered at 300 sccm showing the lowest copper content, high zinc richness, high crystallization level, and minimal voids, with a band gap energy of approximately 1.5 eV. These results suggest that controlling the composition of sputtered CZTS thin films through argon flow rate significantly impacts the properties of sulfurized CZTS thin films.
PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
(2021)
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
Reza Mohammadigharehbagh, Suat Pat, Nihan Akkurt, Sadan Korkmaz
Summary: The research found that Fe-doped ZnO magnetic nano-crystal thin films have different morphological, structural, optical, and electrical properties on different substrates. These films exhibit ferromagnetism and have giant magnetic moments and electrical conductivity.
PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nadine Russegger, Ana M. Valencia, Lena Merten, Matthias Zwadlo, Giuliano Duva, Linus Pithan, Alexander Gerlach, Alexander Hinderhofer, Caterina Cocchi, Frank Schreiber
Summary: A comprehensive investigation on cocrystal formation and charge transfer effects in weakly interacting organic semiconductor mixtures is presented. The study reveals small ground-state charge transfer effects in both systems and the localized energy levels on the acceptor and donor molecules in the complex.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicoleta Stan, Nicoleta Nedelcu, Veturia Chiroiu, Ligia Munteanu, Marius Ionescu
Summary: Chalcogenide thin films based on Ge-Sb-Te (GST) were synthesized using the melt-quenching method. The optical and dielectric properties of these films were determined through spectro-ellipsometry measurements. The dissipation factor, optical conductivity, complex electric modulus, and complex impedance were calculated for the GST layers. AFM-SEM images showed that the films were compact, continuous, and smooth with good adhesion and uniform granule distribution.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROMANIAN ACADEMY SERIES A-MATHEMATICS PHYSICS TECHNICAL SCIENCES INFORMATION SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Luigi Santamaria, Pasqualino Maddalena, Stefano Lettieri
Summary: In this study, the time-resolved photoluminescence of zinc oxide crystals was analyzed. It was found that within a certain range of laser excitation, the process could be accurately described using second-order kinetics. A new method for data analysis was proposed, which provided information on fundamental physical quantities.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sandra Fusco, Mario Barra, Lorenzo Gontrani, Matteo Bonomo, Federico Chianese, Simone Galliano, Roberto Centore, Antonio Cassinese, Marilena Carbone, Antonio Carella
Summary: Three novel diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) based small molecules were synthesized and characterized in terms of their chemical-physical, electrochemical and electrical properties. The molecules have a central DPP electron acceptor core symmetrically functionalized with donor bi-thienyl moieties and flanked by three different auxiliary electron-acceptor groups. The molecular structure allows for significant absorption at longer wavelengths and has a narrow optical bandgap. Organic field-effect transistors (OFETs) were fabricated using the DPP dyes as active layers and showed different charge-transport properties depending on the end-functionalization. Additionally, well-balanced ambipolar transistors were achieved by blending the most performant n-type and p-type dyes.
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Margherita Berardi, Luigi Santamaria Amato, Francesca Cigna, Deodato Tapete, Mario Siciliani de Cumis
Summary: Volcanic monitoring reports contain valuable geochemical and geophysical data. This study presents a natural language processing system that can extract relevant gas parameters from such reports, as demonstrated by its successful application to monitoring bulletins from Stromboli volcano published between 2015 and 2021.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Review
Optics
Stefano Dello Russo, Arianna Elefante, Daniele Dequal, Deborah Katia Pallotti, Luigi Santamaria Amato, Fabrizio Sgobba, Mario Siciliani de Cumis
Summary: This review reports on the current state of the art of single-photon detectors operating in the mid-infrared wavelength range and discusses the technological challenge of transitioning from near-infrared detectors to mid-infrared detection. Different approaches are explored, and the three most promising solutions are described in detail.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roberto Aiello, Valentina Di Sarno, Maria Giulia Delli Santi, Maurizio De Rosa, Iolanda Ricciardi, Paolo De Natale, Luigi Santamaria, Giovanni Giusfredi, Pasquale Maddaloni
Summary: By coupling a Lamb-dip saturated-absorption cavity ring-down spectrometer to a buffer-gas cooling source, the authors demonstrate the absolute metrology of cold rovibrational spectra at 1 kHz accuracy level, improving precision and opening up new possibilities for precise low-temperature spectroscopic studies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Fabrizio Sgobba, Deborah Katia Pallotti, Arianna Elefante, Stefano Dello Russo, Daniele Dequal, Mario Siciliani de Cumis, Luigi Santamaria Amato
Summary: The use of statistical estimation theory is increasingly popular in improving the performance of measurement apparatus. Recent experiments in Hong Ou Mandel interferometry set new records in time delay and polarization measurement. Extending these experiments to the telecom range, we aim to unlock the full potential of this approach in fiber-coupled devices of up to hundreds of kilometers long. Our measurement achieves the Cramer-Rao bound with an Allan deviation of 0.002 degs in 1 hour.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Emmanuele Parisi, Fabio Borbone, Antonio Carella, Stefano Lettieri, Amedeo Capobianco, Andrea Peluso, Roberto Centore
Summary: Imines obtained by condensation of 4-hydroxybenzohydrazide with carbonyl compounds have a remarkable tendency to crystallize in acentric and polar space groups. Extensive study of imines obtained by condensation with aromatic aldehydes showed that 47% of the crystal structures in this class of compounds exhibit acentric phases, which is significantly higher than the 22% frequency in the Cambridge Structural Database. The presence of complex chains of H-bonded molecules and strong transverse bond dipole moments contribute to the high success in achieving acentric and polar structures in this class of compounds.
CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zaheer Ud Din Babar, Ali Raza, Antonio Cassinese, Vincenzo Iannotti
Summary: Researchers have discovered various families of 2D materials and their associated heterostructures through theoretical work and experimental efforts. These studies provide a framework to explore new physical/chemical characteristics and technological aspects at micro, nano, and pico scales. The ability to obtain two-dimensional van der Waals materials and their heterostructures enables high-frequency broadband through controlled stacking order, orientation, and interlayer interactions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luigi Santamaria Amato, Deborah Katia Pallotti, Mario Siciliani de Cumis, Daniele Dequal, Andrea Andrisani, Sergei Slussarenko
Summary: Nonlocality, a key conflict between Quantum Physics and Relativity, has troubled physicists even more than realism as it suggests the possibility of superluminal communication, also known as Einsteinian Spooky action at a distance. Since 2000, various tests have been conducted to determine the lower bounds of the Spooky action at a distance velocity (c beta(t,max)). These tests typically involve Bell Tests performed in kilometer-long experimental setups, with careful adjustments and assumptions dictated by the experimental conditions, in order to improve the constraints.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Marcella Salvatore, Francesco Reda, Fabio Borbone, I. Komang Januariyasa, Pasqualino Maddalena, Stefano Luigi Oscurato
Summary: We propose a simple diffractive method for measuring the refractive index of homogeneous solid thin films by structuring the surface with a diffraction grating. The refractive index of a soft-moldable material is successfully estimated by incorporating the measured topography and diffraction efficiency of the grating into a scalar theory-based diffraction model. This method provides a simple and widely accessible optical characterization of materials, useful in material science and photonics applications, without the need for specialized expertise and equipment.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Valentina Preziosi, Mario Barra, Valeria Rachela Villella, Speranza Esposito, Pasquale D'Angelo, Simone Luigi Marasso, Matteo Cocuzza, Antonio Cassinese, Stefano Guido
Summary: Transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is a widely expressed member of the transglutaminase family that plays a role in cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. It is associated with various pathologies and requires sensitive detection methods. In this study, the researchers used organic electrochemical transistors with gold electrodes functionalized with anti-TG2 antibodies to detect TG2 at attomolar concentrations, offering a rapid and cost-effective alternative to traditional methods.
Article
Optics
Fabrizio Sgobba, Arianna Elefante, Stefano Dello Russo, Mario Siciliani de Cumis, Luigi Santamaria Amato
Summary: We have developed a highly sensitive optical sensor for circular birefringence using a heralded photon source. This sensor can be utilized for chirality measurements and is suitable for delicate biological samples or metrological applications that require low light intensity. Through finding the optimal operational condition, calibrating the sensor, and testing its performance over a long acquisition time, we achieved excellent stability and a sub-ppm birefringence detection limit (for a 100 μm sample), which also opens up possibilities for fundamental physics tests.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gennaro Vincenzo Sannino, Adriana Pecoraro, Pasqualino Maddalena, Annalisa Bruno, Paola Delli Veneri, Michele Pavone, Ana Belen Munoz-Garcia
Summary: Recent experiments have shown that moderate Mg doping in SnO2 plays a beneficial role in perovskite solar cells. Density functional theory calculations reveal that low Mg contents increase the open circuit potential (V-OC) by pushing up the conduction band minimum (CBM) of SnO2, while high dopant concentration leads to interstitial Mg defects and the formation of intra-gap band states, resulting in lower V-OC and decreased performance of the solar cells. These findings provide new insights into the effects of Mg doping in SnO2 and highlight the tunable structural and defect properties for tailored electronic features in ETL materials.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY & FUELS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Jahan Zeb Hassan, Ali Raza, Zaheer Ud Din Babar, Usman Qumar, Ngeywo Tolbert Kaner, Antonio Cassinese
Summary: In recent decades, there has been significant interest in two-dimensional materials due to their unique chemical and physical properties, making them useful for various applications. This review provides an overview of sensors fabricated using atomically thin 2D materials, focusing on different types of sensors such as gas, electrochemical, biomedical, and health sensors, and their real-world applications. The review also explores trends in human chemical signal detection, including body temperature monitoring, electrography, sweat detection, respiratory gas, and saliva sensors. The possibilities and future prospects of 2D materials are highlighted, along with the challenges and recommendations for future research.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Marcella Salvatore, Francesco Reda, Fabio Borbone, Pasqualino Maddalena, Stefano Luigi Oscurato
Summary: Multiplexing is a method of combining multiple information in a common medium. The use of Azopolymer in photolithographic applications allows for the direct photo-structuring of the material over large scales with high quality. This method provides a suitable platform for encoding multiplexed information in a topographic surface relief pattern. The fabrication of multiplexed azopolymer surface relief gratings through a computer controlled holographic illumination system is demonstrated here, showing the potential for structured surfaces that can convert multiple information in a single complex topographic profile.
PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS AND THEIR APPLICATIONS II
(2022)
