Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Yan Wu, Jianan Ma, Jinghui Shi, Shuting Cao, Jianmei Luo, Tingting Zheng, Min Wang
Summary: Through comparative proteome analysis, several proteins involved in A1 dehydrogenation were identified, including those related to lipid or amino acid transport and metabolism, energy production and conversion, steroid degradation, and transporter proteins. The impact of six proteins on the reaction was confirmed, with pps, MceGA, yrbE4AA, yrbE4BA, and hyp2 showing positive effects and hyp1 exhibiting a negative effect. Additionally, KsdD5 was identified as the most effective catalytic enzyme. Through gene manipulation and the use of a stronger promoter, an optimum strain with improved enzyme activity, substrate transportation, and cell stress tolerance was created. Biotechnology optimization resulted in a 4.1-fold increase in production peak and productivity compared to the initial level. Our findings enhance understanding of the A1 dehydrogenation mechanism and provide effective strategies for developing excellent steroid-transforming strains.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Huan Tang, Ying Zhang, Tong Yang, Chen Wang, Yinhua Zhu, Liangjia Qiu, Jiahui Liu, Yang Song, Lirue Zhou, Junzhe Zhang, Yin Kwan Wong, Yuanfang Liu, Chengchao Xu, Haifang Wang, Jigang Wang
Summary: The metabolome profile is an underexplored factor that affects the efficacy and safety of nanomedicines; using cholesterol as an example, this study demonstrates the importance of developing personalized nanomedicines by targeting disease-related metabolites. Cholesterol levels can impact the generation of the protein corona, leading to enhanced inflammatory responses in macrophages and increased cellular uptake in hepatocytes. In vivo biodistribution assays show that hypercholesterolemic mice have altered tissue delivery patterns of nanoparticles. This research highlights the need to consider the metabolome profile in developing nanomedicines for improved targeting efficacy and safety.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Wojciech Makowski, Aleksandra Krolicka, Barbara Tokarz, Karolina Miernicka, Anna Kolton, Lukasz Pieta, Kamilla Malek, Halina Ekiert, Agnieszka Szopa, Krzysztof Michal Tokarz
Summary: This study examined the physiological consequences of incorporating the rolB oncogene into the DNA of Dionaea muscipula and found that it induced a pleiotropic effect in plant tissue after transformation. Different clones showed varying responses in terms of primary and secondary metabolism, providing new insights into metabolites in transgenic organisms.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Stella Agyemang Duah, Clarice Silva e Souza, Zsuzsa Nagy, Zoltan Pek, Andras Nemenyi, Hussein G. Daood, Szergej Vinogradov, Lajos Helyes
Summary: Water supply plays a crucial role in the growth and phytonutrient composition of chili peppers, with different water treatments affecting physiological responses and phytonutrient production in the cultivars. While pepper cultivars exhibit varying responses to water treatments, some cultivars show a more uniform and stable composition across all treatments.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Jin Woo Jung, Yu-jung Hwang, Myung-Whan Suh, Dohyun Han, Seung Ha Oh
Summary: In this study, proteome changes in human perilymph after steroid treatment were investigated. The results showed that upregulated proteins after steroid treatment are related to apoptosis signaling, reactive oxygen species, and immune responses. Protein-protein interaction analysis revealed the potential signaling circuitry involved in cellular response to steroid treatment.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Thiberiu Banica, Charlotte Verroken, Tim Reyns, Guy T'Sjoen, Tom Fiers, Jean-Marc Kaufman, Bruno Lapauw
Summary: This longitudinal study found that as men age, their fat content and insulin resistance increase, while changes in muscle indices are uncertain. The changes in sex hormone levels are clearly correlated with changes in fat content, but not with lean body mass, insulin resistance, or grip strength.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Che Din Mohd Safuan, Muhammad Arif Samshuri, Siti Nurtahirah Jaafar, Chun Hong Tan, Zainudin Bachok
Summary: Heat stress disrupts the mutualistic relationship between corals and symbiotic algae, leading to coral bleaching. Changes in fatty acid composition suggest that FA could be a potential health indicator for assessing the impact of environmental stressors on corals. Further studies on FA profiles may offer a better understanding of this relationship under harsh climate conditions.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Muhammad Atif Muneer, Xiaoman Huang, Wei Hou, Yadong Zhang, Yuanyang Cai, Muhammad Zeeshan Munir, Liangquan Wu, Chaoyuan Zheng
Summary: The study investigated the responses of soil fungal communities and functions to different nutrient management practices in red soils. The results showed that these practices significantly increased soil pH and alpha diversity indices of soil fungal communities. FUNGuild analysis revealed that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and ectomycorrhizal fungi were more abundant under nutrient management practices, while pathogenic fungi were less abundant.
Article
Fisheries
Chunsheng Liu, Jiancong Zhou, Yumei Yang, Yi Yang, Aimin Wang, Zhifeng Gu
Summary: Extreme weather-induced salinity change affects the growth and survival of ivory shell Babylonia areolate. This study investigated the effects of different salinities on the growth performance, tissue damage, stress-related enzymes, and body composition of ivory shells. It was found that lower salinities (20, 25, and 30 ppt) resulted in higher growth and survival rates, while higher salinities (35 and 40 ppt) had negative effects. Gill lamellae width increased and then decreased with increasing salinity. Tissue damage, changes in enzyme activities, and amino acid and fatty acid compositions were observed under hypersaline stress.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Xiaodi Wang, Shaolong Song, Zhengwang Zhu, Haifeng Zhang, Xuechong Ren
Summary: In this study, the addition of molybdenum element was used to change the dendrite composition of in situ dendrite-reinforced metallic glass composites (MGCs) to investigate the effect on fatigue behavior. The results showed that MGCs containing molybdenum had lower fatigue lives and fatigue endurance limit compared to molybdenum-free MGCs. Characterization methods such as X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were employed to reveal the fatigue deformation and damage features. The presence of molybdenum altered the dendrite stability and induced a change in fatigue deformation mechanism from martensitic transformation and twinning to dislocation slipping.
FATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS & STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Adelaide Nespoli, Francesca Passaretti, Laszlo Szentmiklosi, Boglarka Maroti, Ernesto Placidi, Michele Cassetta, Rickey Y. Yada, David H. Farrar, Kun Tian
Summary: A comprehensive characterization of widely used biomedical Ti-containing alloys, NiTi and beta-Ti, was conducted to understand the relationship between their composition, microstructure, physical-chemical-mechanical properties and processing history. The results provided insights into the influence of alloying elements and thermo-mechanical processing on microstructure and phase composition of beta-Ti, as well as the phase transformation behavior of NiTi.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Qian Zhao, Allison M. Thompson, Stephen J. Callister, Malak M. Tfaily, Sheryl L. Bell, Sarah E. Hobbie, Kirsten S. Hofmockel
Summary: This study conducted an 8-month aerobic incubation experiment using grassland soils, revealing that the persistence of labile compounds varied under different soil mineralogy conditions, while the richness of more complex organic molecules increased in most cases. The study also demonstrated that N addition decreased soil respiration and inhibited the convergence of SOM chemistry across diverse grassland ecosystems.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ermenegilda Vitale, Luca Vitale, Giulia Costanzo, Violeta Velikova, Tsonko Tsonev, Palma Simoniello, Veronica De Micco, Carmen Arena
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of specific light quality regimes on the growth and photosynthetic efficiency of irradiated tomato plants, finding that the red-blue light regime was most effective in optimizing growth and photosynthetic efficiency. Irradiation under full-spectrum and red-blue light regimes favored the development of dwarf plants and improved leaf water status.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Farzad Jani, Abdolhannan Sepahi, Seyyed Kamal Afzali, Saeed Houshmand Moayed
Summary: This article evaluates the effect of microstructure on the mechanical properties of high-density polyethylene (HDPE), specifically the molecular weight distribution and chemical composition distribution. The study finds that highly branched low molecular weight chains result in longer crystallization time, while an increased ratio of CEF eluted fraction below 80 degrees C to the crystallizable fraction leads to decreased entanglement density and impact strength, and increased average lamella thickness.
POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Fatemeh Arabsalehi, Mehdi Rahimmalek, Mohammad R. R. Sabzalian, Mustafa Ghanadian, Adam Matkowski, Antoni Szumny
Summary: This study evaluated the yield, physiological, and phytochemical traits of Ducrosia anethifolia under water stress conditions. The results showed that drought stress had different effects on seed yield and physiological traits. Additionally, drought stress also caused changes in some polyphenolic compounds.
