Article
Microbiology
Michael W. Dunne, Sailaja Puttagunta, Steven Aronin, Stephen Brossette, John Murray, Vikas Gupta
Summary: Resistance to oral antibiotics commonly used to treat outpatient UTIs is increasing, and almost 22% of patients were found to receive an antibiotic to which the pathogen was resistant. These patients were almost twice as likely to require a second prescription or be hospitalized within 28 days compared to those who received an antibiotic to which the pathogen was susceptible. Additionally, about 1% of Enterobacterales isolates were resistant to all commonly available classes of oral antibiotics. Age, diabetes mellitus, gender, and prior antibiotic resistance were identified as risk factors for treatment failure.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Selene Rebecca Boncompagni, Maria Micieli, Tiziana Di Maggio, Noemi Aiezza, Alberto Antonelli, Tommaso Giani, Gloria Padoani, Silvia Vailati, Lucia Pallecchi, Gian Maria Rossolini
Summary: This study investigated the activity of fosfomycin, colistin, and their combination against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. The results showed that the combination of fosfomycin and colistin exhibited synergistic effects against biofilms and reduced the emergence of drug-resistant subpopulations.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Christine A. Pybus, Christina Felder-Scott, Victor Obuekwe, David E. Greenberg
Summary: The study compared the antimicrobial activity of Cefiderocol with seven commonly used antibiotics against multidrug-resistant pathogens, finding that Cefiderocol had potent inhibitory effects on biofilms of various pathogens, with consistently lower MIC90 values compared to other antibiotics.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rundong Zhu, Zenglin Yin, Nan Liu, Zengming Wang, Hui Zhang, Jianchun Li, Liao Shen, Aiping Zheng
Summary: This study developed bacteria-targeted liposomes for enhanced antibiotic delivery and demonstrated that the adsorption of polymyxin B onto the liposome surface achieved effective bacterial targeting. Compared to free antibiotics, these liposomes showed improved therapeutic efficacy against bacterial infections and reduced adverse drug reactions.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Chunquan Xu, Tao Chen, Siqin Zhang, Cui Zhou, Wenli Liao, Renchi Fang, Lijiang Chen, Tieli Zhou
Summary: This study investigated the in vitro activity of imipenem-relebactam alone and in combination with fosfomycin against carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. The results showed that imipenem-relebactam in combination with fosfomycin had synergistic activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii. Imipenem-relebactam may be a new alternative for treating infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative pathogens.
DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yuhang Wang, Junfeng Su, Ziyan Zhou, Jie Yang, Wenjuan Liu, Yafen Zhang, Pengyu Zhang, Tingting Guo, Guocai Li
Summary: As multidrug-resistant pathogens emerge and spread rapidly, novel antibiotics are urgently needed. Traditional Chinese medicine, such as baicalein, can be used as an adjuvant to enhance the efficacy of antibiotics. Baicalein was found to potentiate doxycycline against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens by disrupting the bacterial membrane and enhancing antibiotic entry. It can also increase the production of reactive oxygen species and inhibit multidrug efflux pumps and biofilm formation to potentiate antibiotic efficacy.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Yuan Liu, Kangni Yang, Yuqian Jia, Jingru Shi, Ziwen Tong, Zhiqiang Wang
Summary: The study showed that thymine can effectively enhance the bactericidal activity of antibiotics against Gram-negative pathogens by activating bacterial metabolism and restoring susceptibility to antibiotics. This finding provides a universal strategy to overcome Gram-negative pathogens.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Pengfei She, Zehao Li, Yimin Li, Shasha Liu, Linhui Li, Yifan Yang, Linying Zhou, Yong Wu
Summary: The emergence of bacterial drug resistance is a severe threat to global public health. Repurposing FDA-approved compounds for the treatment of drug-resistant bacteria may be a promising strategy. In this study, Pixantrone (PIX) was found to have a synergistic effect with rifampin (RFP) against Gram-negative extensively drug-resistant isolates. This combination also showed effective antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant strains in vivo without detected toxicity.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Marios Karvouniaris, Maria Panagiota Almyroudi, Mohd Hafiz Abdul-Aziz, Stijn Blot, Elisabeth Paramythiotou, Evdoxia Tsigou, Despoina Koulenti
Summary: Gram-negative bacterial resistance to antimicrobials has been increasing globally in recent decades, posing a daily challenge for hospital practice. Researchers and industry have made efforts to develop novel antimicrobials resilient to bacterial resistance mechanisms. Several new antimicrobials, including cefiderocol, imipenem-cilastatin-relebactam, eravacycline, omadacycline, and plazomicin, have become commercially available in the past five years. Other agents, such as aztreonam-avibactam, cefepime-enmetazobactam, cefepime-taniborbactam, cefepime-zidebactam, sulopenem, tebipenem, and benapenem, are in advanced development and have reached phase 3 clinical trials. This review critically discusses the characteristics, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties, and current clinical data of these antimicrobials.
Article
Biology
Fang He, Yuan Liu, Pan Li, Xiaoyan Wu, Yaoyao Xia, Dong Zhang, Nengzhang Li, Yuanyi Peng, Guoqiang Zhu, Rudiger Hardeland, Russel J. Reiter, Wenkai Ren
Summary: Bacterial infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens are increasingly burdensome for public health on a global scale. However, there are very few new antibiotics under development or approved for clinical use to effectively combat pathogenic bacteria. Repurposing existing compounds offers a productive strategy for the development of new antibiotics. In this study, it was found that the multifaceted hormone melatonin significantly improves the survival rates of mice and reduces bacterial loads in the lungs during infection. Mechanistically, melatonin specifically inhibits the activity of citrate synthase in Gram-negative pathogens by directly binding to specific sites, particularly for Pasteurella multocida. These findings highlight the potential use of melatonin as a feasible and alternative therapy to address the increasing threat of Gram-negative pathogen infections by disrupting bacterial metabolic flux.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Sophanit Mekasha, Dirk Linke
Summary: The article discusses the different types of secretion systems in Gram-negative bacterial fish pathogens and their potential roles in pathogenicity. It points out that the available information is fragmented and often descriptive, and hopes that the overview provided will help researchers systematically learn from the similarities and differences between the virulence factors and secretion systems of fish-pathogenic species described.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tanshi Mehrotra, Dipasri Konar, Agila Kumari Pragasam, Shakti Kumar, Pradipta Jana, Prabhakar Babele, Deepjyoti Paul, Ayushi Purohit, Subhash Tanwar, Susmita Bakshi, Santanu Das, Jyoti Verma, Daizee Talukdar, Lekshmi Narendrakumar, Akanksha Kothidar, Sonali Porey Karmakar, Susmita Chaudhuri, Sujoy Pal, Kajal Jain, Chittur V. Srikanth, M. Jeeva Sankar, Krishnamohan Atmakuri, Ramesh Agarwal, Rajni Gaind, Mamatha Ballal, Nagamani Kammili, Rupak K. Bhadra, Thandavarayan Ramamurthy, G. Balakrish Nair, Bhabatosh Das
Summary: Microbes evolve rapidly through mutations and acquisition of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) associated with fitness traits like antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A multicentric study in India decoded genome sequences of bacterial pathogens causing sepsis, urinary tract infections, and respiratory infections. The study identified pathogen-specific AMR genes (ARGs) and MGEs, and differential abundance of resistance-associated proteins in the presence and absence of antibiotics, providing valuable insights for AMR diagnostics and antimicrobial therapy.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Branka Bedenic, Tomislav Mestrovic
Summary: Urinary tract infections are common and the pathogens causing them easily acquire various resistance determinants, including different beta-lactamases and carbapenemases. Phenotypic tests like the double-disk synergy test are used for detecting beta-lactamases, while PCR is mainly done in reference labs for resistance gene detection. The emergence of drug-resistant bacterial strains poses serious challenges in UTI management, stressing the need for tailored interventions in antimicrobial stewardship.
Article
Microbiology
Jaime E. Zlamal, Semen A. Leyn, Mallika Iyer, Marinela L. Elane, Nicholas A. Wong, James W. Wamsley, Maarten Vercruysse, Fernando Garcia-Alcalde, Andrei L. Osterman
Summary: Resistance to the broad-spectrum antibiotic ciprofloxacin is detected at high rates in various bacterial pathogens, with early resistance primarily caused by single mutations in DNA gyrase target genes. Further genetic alterations influence drug efflux mechanisms and secondary target genes, leading to increased resistance levels. The study highlights shared and unique evolutionary aspects across different species, providing insights for the development of novel antibiotics with reduced resistance tendencies.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tasneem A. K. Abdallah, Reem Elajez, Tawheeda B. Ibrahim, Abeir B. Alimam, Ali S. Omrani
Summary: The study reviewed the efficacy and safety of intravenous fosfomycin for treating infections caused by difficult-to-treat resistance Gram-negative bacteria (DTR GNB), showing clinical improvement, pathogen eradication, and 30-day all-cause mortality in 30 patients.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mariana Castanheira, Lalitagauri M. Deshpande, Shawn A. Messer, Paul R. Rhomberg, Michael A. Pfaller
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rodrigo E. Mendes, Paul R. Rhomberg, Troy Lister, Nicole Cotroneo, Aileen Rubio, Robert K. Flamm
MICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Dee Shortridge, Michael A. Pfaller, Jennifer M. Streit, Robert K. Flamm
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Michael A. Pfaller, Michael D. Huband, Dee Shortridge, Robert K. Flamm
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Michael D. Huband, Rodrigo E. Mendes, Michael A. Pfaller, Jill M. Lindley, Gregory J. Strand, Vincent J. Benn, Jay Zhang, Li Li, Min Zhang, Xiaojuan Tan, Qingmei Liu, Robert K. Flamm
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Cecilia G. Carvalhaes, Helio S. Sader, Robert K. Flamm, Jennifer M. Streit, Rodrigo E. Mendes
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Helio S. Sader, Cecilia G. Carvalhaes, Jennifer M. Streit, Mariana Castanheira, Robert K. Flamm
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Helio S. Sader, Paul R. Rhomberg, Leonard R. Duncan, Hans H. Locher, Glenn E. Dale, Robert K. Flamm
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Leonard R. Duncan, Helio S. Sader, Michael D. Huband, Robert K. Flamm, Rodrigo E. Mendes
MICROBIAL DRUG RESISTANCE
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Robert K. Flamm, Leonard R. Duncan, Kamal A. Hamed, Jennifer Smart, Rodrigo E. Mendes, Michael A. Pfaller
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Rodrigo E. Mendes, Michael D. Huband, Jennifer M. Streit, Mariana Castanheira, Robert K. Flamm
DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Rodrigo E. Mendes, Paul R. Rhomberg, Troy Lister, Nicole Cotroneo, Thomas R. Parr, Mariana Castanheira
Summary: The study evaluated the activities of various antibiotics alone and in combination with SPR741 against E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates, indicating that azithromycin-SPR741 and minocycline-SPR741 had the lowest MIC90 values. Furthermore, fusidic acid-SPR741 showed better inhibition against enzymatic MLS mechanisms.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Cecilia G. Carvalhaes, Abby L. Klauer, Paul R. Rhomberg, Michael A. Pfaller, Mariana Castanheira
Summary: Rezafungin is a new echinocandin with potent activity against candidemia and invasive candidiasis. It also shows activity against Aspergillus isolates. The new CLSI breakpoints are important for understanding the susceptibility of Candida spp. and rezafungin.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Michael A. Pfaller, Cecilia G. Carvalhaes, Sean DeVries, Paul R. Rhomberg, Mariana Castanheira
Summary: This study analyzed the prevalence and susceptibility of invasive fungal isolates collected from 48 hospitals worldwide during the years 2018, 2019, and 2020. The findings showed that the COVID-19 pandemic had an impact on the occurrence and susceptibility rates of common fungal species.
Article
Immunology
Cecilia Godoy Carvalhaes, Helio Silva Sader, Paul Richard Rhomberg, Mariana Castanheira, Sean DeVries, Rodrigo Elisandro Mendes
Summary: This study assessed the activity of tedizolid and comparator agents against clinical surveillance isolates collected from pediatric patients with skin and skin structure infection in the United States. The results showed that tedizolid had high inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA isolates, and other antibiotics also displayed high susceptibility in different age groups and methicillin resistance profiles.
PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL
(2022)