Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Sayo Otani, Yasutaka Fushimi, Kogoro Iwanaga, Seiichi Tomotaki, Yusuke Yokota, Sonoko Oshima, Azusa Sakurama, Krishna Pandu Wicaksono, Takuya Hinoda, Akihiko Sakata, Satoshi Nakajima, Tomohisa Okada, Junko Takita, Masahiko Kawai, Kaori Togashi
Summary: In this study of 102 neonates, the signal intensity and volume of the pituitary and thyroid glands on MRI were found to be positively correlated with gestational age and birth weight, while negatively correlated with chronological age.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xue Qi, Zeheng Ren, Yuan Cui, Jinxi Zhang, Yue Zhang, Shengchen Wang, Hongjin Lin
Summary: This study reveals that subacute CdCl2 exposure induces apoptosis and tissue damage in piglet adrenal gland. The exposure leads to a decrease in antioxidant enzymes, increase in heat shock protein, and upregulation of the miR9-5p-gene of PTEN, which activates the PI3K/AKT pathway. Activation of this pathway results in a significant increase in apoptosis-related factors and tissue damage.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jai Ho Choi, Jung Eun Lee, Hong-Lim Kim, Seung Hyun Ko, Se Hoon Kim, Seung Ho Yang
Summary: The study showed that after pituitary transplantation, rats experienced rapid weight gain, restoration of thyroid-stimulating hormone, prolactin, and growth hormone levels, and the maintenance of hypophyseal tissue architecture. These findings suggest that a transplanted pituitary gland can survive in the omentum with partial restoration of anterior pituitary hormones.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuseppe Bellastella, Paolo Cirillo, Carla Carbone, Lorenzo Scappaticcio, Antonietta Maio, Graziella Botta, Maria Tomasuolo, Miriam Longo, Alessandro Pontillo, Antonio Bellastella, Katherine Esposito, Annamaria De Bellis
Summary: This review discusses the neuroimmune endocrinological aspects of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The virus targets the central nervous system, affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary axis and potentially causing autoimmune processes and satellite gland disorders. However, further research is needed to understand the short- and long-term effects on the endocrine system.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cameron. A. A. Rawanduzy, Alexander Winkler-Schwartz, William. T. T. Couldwell
Summary: Hypophysitis is an inflammatory disease of the pituitary gland with various causes, including autoimmune-related, local lesions, systemic disease, and medications. It was previously considered rare, but increased understanding of the disease process and etiology has led to more frequent recognition. This review provides an overview of the causes, detection strategies, and management of hypophysitis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lei Cai, Yanlan Sun, Yonglin Liu, Wenzhong Chen, Lin He, Dong-Qing Wei
Summary: This study identified a negative genetic correlation between T2DM and SCZ in both European and East Asian populations, with a common effective genes in the pituitary gland.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Zohreh Al-sadat Ghoreshi, Hamed Akbari, Mohsen Sharif-zak, Nasir Arefinia, Mojtaba Abbasi-Jorjandi, Gholamreza Asadikaram
Summary: Prolactin hormone plays a significant role in various biological processes and exerts its effects through its receptor. Hyperprolactinemia is not only associated with reproductive system effects, but also with increased risks of autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, peripartum cardiomyopathy, and diabetes.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Michal Bonczar, Grzegorz Wysiadecki, Patryk Ostrowski, Mateusz Michalczak, Dawid Plutecki, Jakub Wilk, Weronika Michalik, Jerzy Walocha, Krzysztof Balawender, Tomasz Iskra, Dariusz Lusina, Mateusz Koziej, Maciej Radek, Andrzej Zytkowski
Summary: This study conducted a meta-analysis to provide data on the morphology of the pituitary gland. The results showed variations in size among different populations and age groups. These findings are valuable for diagnosing and operating on pituitary gland disorders.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuangquan Wen, Li Wang, Hui Zou, Jianhong Gu, Ruilong Song, Jianchun Bian, Yan Yuan, Zongping Liu
Summary: This study evaluated the neuroprotective potential of Puerarin against cadmium-induced neuronal injury for the first time, showing that Puerarin ameliorated neuronal injury and oxidative stress induced by cadmium. Additionally, Puerarin stimulated cadmium excretion, thereby reducing apoptosis in cerebral cortical neurons.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marco Mangiacotti, Marco Fumagalli, Claudio Casali, Marco Biggiogera, Federico Forneris, Roberto Sacchi
Summary: The evolution of chemical signals is influenced by environmental constraints. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs), enzymes involved in physiological processes, have been identified in the femoral gland secretions (FG) of marine iguanas and may contribute to the stability of the signal. To validate this, FG secretions of wall lizards were analyzed, confirming the presence of CA-IV and supporting the hypothesis of its role in signal homeostasis. This discovery opens up new perspectives on the role of proteins in vertebrate chemical communication.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Farzaneh Shakeri, Bahram Bibak, Mohammad Reza Safdari, Zakieh Keshavarzi, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: There is a growing body of literature on the positive therapeutic potentials of curcumin in thyroid gland disorders, with its effects on various biological pathways. This review aims to summarize the research related to curcumin's therapeutic effects on thyroid dysfunction.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chikage Mori, Jin-Yong Lee, Maki Tokumoto, Masahiko Satoh
Summary: Cadmium, a toxic heavy metal widely present in the environment, causes renal proximal tubule disorder in chronic poisoning. This study reveals that PPAR delta plays a critical role in modifying susceptibility to Cd renal toxicity, possibly through the apoptosis pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emma Laporte, Hugo Vankelecom
Summary: This study applied transcriptome and chromatin accessibility profiling at single-cell resolution to human postmortem pituitary glands from individuals of different ages, providing insights into the heterogeneity and regulatory mechanisms of the projected human pituitary stem cell population.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anello Marcello Poma, Agnese Proietti, Elisabetta Macerola, Diana Bonuccelli, Marco Conti, Alessandra Salvetti, Vincenza Dolo, Andrea Chilla, Alessio Basolo, Ferruccio Santini, Antonio Toniolo, Fulvio Basolo
Summary: This study found that the pituitary glands of lethal cases of COVID-19 had the SARS-CoV-2 genome and antigens, confirming viral infection in the pituitary gland. Activation of type I interferon signaling and increased levels of neutrophil and cytotoxic cell scores were observed in virus-positive glands, while mRNA transcripts of pituitary hormones and pituitary developmental/regulatory genes were suppressed in all COVID-19 cases.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Emily J. Camm, Isabella Inzani, Miles J. De Blasio, Katie L. Davies, India R. Lloyd, F. B. Peter Wooding, Dominique Blache, Abigail L. Fowden, Alison J. Forhead
Summary: The study revealed that in hypothyroid fetuses, plasma concentrations of ACTH and cortisol were decreased. Additionally, the mass of corticotrophs in the anterior pituitary gland of thyroid-deficient fetuses was unexpectedly increased, while the mass of the adrenal zones was decreased. These structural changes were associated with lower expression of key steroidogenic enzymes and growth factors in the adrenal glands.
