Review
Cell Biology
Yinqiong Huang, Xiahong Lin, Shu Lin
Summary: This research over the past decade has suggested that the pathogenic mechanisms of metabolic syndrome involve both peripheral tissues and central metabolic regulation imbalances. The hypothalamus, particularly the arcuate nucleus, is highlighted as the control center for metabolic homeostasis and energy balance, with Neuropeptide Y neurons playing a crucial role in integrating peripheral metabolic signals with the brain center. The manuscript aims to provide an overview of Neuropeptide Y's regulatory effects on metabolic syndrome and discuss clinical intervention strategies for neurometabolic diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Yvette Ruska, Anett Szilvasy-Szabo, Dora Kovari, Andrea Kadar, Lilla Macsai, Richard Sinko, Erik Hrabovszky, Balazs Gereben, Csaba Fekete
Summary: The study shows the presence of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) protein and mRNA in orexigenic neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons in the ventromedial arcuate nucleus, along with the innervation of NPY neurons by inhibitory neurons containing GLP-1R. This suggests that GLP-1 signaling can influence NPY neurons both directly and indirectly, revealing a more complex mechanism of GLP-1's effects on energy homeostasis.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ruksana Yesmin, Miho Watanabe, Adya Saran Sinha, Masaru Ishibashi, Tianying Wang, Atsuo Fukuda
Summary: Activated AgRP neurons in the arcuate nucleus directly project to CRH axon terminals in the median-eminence and modulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis via NKCC1-dependent GABAergic excitation. These findings highlight the important role of AgRP neurons in HPA axis regulation.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yermek Rakhat, Kentaro Kaneko, Lei Wang, Wanxin Han, Yutaka Seino, Daisuke Yabe, Toshihiko Yada
Summary: d-allulose can suppress hunger-associated feeding and inhibit hunger-promoting neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amanda Rao, David Briskey, Carla dos Reis, Alistair R. Mallard
Summary: The study showed that Caralluma Fimbriata extract (CFE) can effectively reduce calorie intake, decrease waist circumference, maintain stable body weight, and have positive effects on body fat levels and BMI.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Juliana Bezerra Medeiros de Lima, Chidera Ubah, Lucas Kniess Debarba, Iven Ayyar, Olesya Didyuk, Marianna Sadagurski
Summary: The hypothalamus plays a key role in controlling physiological functions and whole-body metabolism. Growth hormone (GH) and the GH receptor (GHR) are expressed in hypothalamic regions involved in regulating feeding and energy balance. SIRT1, a NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase, interacts with GHR signaling and plays a role in sensing nutrient availability in response to caloric restriction. In the arcuate nucleus (ARC) of the hypothalamus, GHR-expressing neurons also express SIRT1 and upregulate SIRT1 expression in response to fasting, revealing a novel interaction between GH and SIRT1 in fasting responses.
Article
Cell Biology
Chen-Liang Zhang, Yi-Zhang Lin, Qi Wu, Chenxu Yan, Matthew Wai-Kin Wong, Fan Zeng, Ping Zhu, Kelsey Bowes, Kailun Lee, Xuan Zhang, Zhi-Yuan Song, Shu Lin, Yan-Chuan Shi
Summary: Chronic high salt intake is a leading cause of hypertension. This study demonstrates that high salt intake results in downregulation of NPY expression in the hypothalamic Arc and upregulation of BDNF and vasopressin expression in the PVN, leading to the development of hypertension.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Masaki Tanaka, Shunji Yamada, Yoshihisa Watanabe
Summary: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) plays a significant role in the brain, mainly mediating physiological and behavioral effects through Y1, Y2, and Y5 receptors in regions regulating various functions. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) has high levels of NPY concentration, contributing to functions like alcohol intake and emotional behavior. NPY in the NAc affects physiological and pathophysiological actions through neuroendocrine mechanisms and the autonomic nervous system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Hossein Khaleghzadeh-Ahangar, Shaghayegh Khandan, Saeideh Khosravi
Summary: Diabetes affects nociception, with insulin in the hypothalamus influencing pain by modulating endorphin release. Insulin in the arcuate nucleus can reduce pain induced by formalin, possibly through the dorsal raphe nucleus.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amelia M. Douglass, Jon M. Resch, Joseph C. Madara, Hakan Kucukdereli, Ofer Yizhar, Abhinav Grama, Masahito Yamagata, Zongfang Yang, Bradford B. Lowell
Summary: Fasting activates the HPA axis through the inhibition of GABAergic afferents by AgRP neurons in the PVH. This study reveals the neural basis for fasting-induced HPA axis activation and provides insights into the mechanisms underlying stress-induced HPA axis activation.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lei Wang, Wanxin Han, Yusaku Iwasaki, Rakhat Yermek, Geoffrey W. G. Sharp, Yutaka Seino, Toshihiko Yada
Summary: The study found that isoalliin can enhance feeding in mice, activate orexigenic neurons, and provide scientific evidence for the health beneficial effects of onion historically and globally.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fiona Peris-Sampedro, Iris Stoltenborg, Marie Le May, Pol Sole-Navais, Roger A. H. Adan, Suzanne L. Dickson
Summary: Environmental cues from palatable foods can drive rats to overconsume plain chow by impacting meal patterns, stimulating food-seeking and risk-taking behavior, and causing active ghrelin release. These cues recruit cells within the feeding circuitry, including those containing the ghrelin receptor, to powerfully drive food consumption in ways associated with heightened hunger.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iris Stoltenborg, Fiona Peris-Sampedro, Erik Schele, Marie V. Le May, Roger A. H. Adan, Suzanne L. Dickson
Summary: The availability of Cre-based mouse lines has helped identify the neural circuitry driving hormone effects. As an alternative method, TRAP2 mice provide genetic access to hormone-activated populations. By utilizing TRAP2 mice, researchers visualized and stimulated ghrelin-activated cells, discovering their significant role in inducing an orexigenic response and impacting food choice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nagalakshmi Balasubramanian, Sneha Sagarkar, Meha Jadhav, Navneet Shahi, Richa Sirmaur, Amul J. Sakharkar
Summary: This study investigated the impact of repeated traumatic events on the regulation of the orexigenic peptide NPY. The results showed that rMTBI attenuated food intake by reducing NPY expression levels, which could be restored by sodium butyrate treatment.
NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Zhigang Shi, Daniel S. Stornetta, Ruth L. Stornetta, Virginia L. Brooks
Summary: The study revealed that AngII acting through AT1aR in ArcN region triggers different sympathetic nerve activation responses in female and male rats, playing a crucial role in regulating arterial pressure and heart rate, with variations existing in different physiological states. The expression of AT1aR may indirectly mediate the regulatory effects of AngII on AP and SNA through local endogenous interneurons.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Melinda Cservenak, David Keller, Viktor Kis, Emese A. Fazekas, Hanna Oelloes, Andras H. Leko, Eva R. Szabo, Eva Renner, Ted B. Usdin, Miklos Palkovits, Arpad Dobolyi
Article
Neurosciences
Janos Barna, Eva Renner, Antonia Arszovszki, Melinda Cservenak, Zsolt Kovacs, Miklos Palkovits, Arpad Dobolyi
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Review
Neurosciences
Julianna Kardos, Laszlo Heja, Katalin Jemnitz, Richard Kovacs, Miklos Palkovits
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Georgi Shilyashki, Helmut Pfuetzner, Martin Palkovits, Andreas Windischhofer, Markus Giefing
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dasiel O. Borroto-Escuela, Manuel Narvaez, Patrizia Ambrogini, Luca Ferraro, Ismel Brito, Wilber Romero-Fernandez, Yuniesky Andrade-Talavera, Antonio Flores-Burgess, Carmelo Millon, Belen Gago, Jose Angel Narvaez, Yuji Odagaki, Miklos Palkovits, Zaida Diaz-Cabiale, Kjell Fuxe
Article
Immunology
Nellie A. Martin, Viktor Molnar, Gabor T. Szilagyi, Maria L. Elkjaer, Arkadiusz Nawrocki, Justyna Okarmus, Agnieszka Wlodarczyk, Eva K. Thygesen, Miklos Palkovits, Ferenc Gallyas, Martin R. Larsen, Hans Lassmann, Eirikur Benedikz, Trevor Owens, Asa F. Svenningsen, Zsolt Illes
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Cell Biology
Adrienn Palvolgyi, James Simpson, Ibolya Bodnar, Judit Biro, Miklos Palkovits, Tamas Radovits, Paul Skehel, Ferenc A. Antoni
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2018)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nellie A. Martin, Arkadiusz Nawrocki, Viktor Molnar, Maria L. Elkjaer, Eva K. Thygesen, Miklos Palkovits, Peter Acs, Tobias Sejbaek, Helle H. Nielsen, Zoltan Hegedus, Finn Sellebjerg, Tihamer Molnar, Eudes G. Barbosa, Nicolas Alcaraz, Ferenc Gallyas, Asa F. Svenningsen, Jan Baumbach, Hans Lassmann, Martin R. Larsen, Zsolt Illes
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fanni Dora, Eva Renner, David Keller, Miklos Palkovits, Arpad Dobolyi
Summary: This study revealed extensive gene expressional alterations in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (DMPFC) related to suicidal behavior. Genes associated with depressive disorder, schizophrenia, and impaired cognition were found to be overexpressed, while pathways related to cytokine receptor signaling were downregulated and glutamatergic synaptic signaling were upregulated in suicide victims.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eva Renner, Fanni Dora, Erzsebet Oszwald, Arpad Dobolyi, Miklos Palkovits
Summary: GLP-1 activates GLP-1R in the PVNmc, and the expression level of GLP-1R in the PVNmc is elevated in T2DM patients. GLP-1 fiber terminals are closely apposed to oxytocin neurons.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Bobana Samardzija, Maja Jukovic, Beti Zaharija, Eva Renner, Miklos Palkovits, Nicholas J. Bradshaw
Summary: The study investigates the aggregation of proteins in the brains of individuals with mental illness. Multiple proteins, including CRMP1, DISC1, NPAS3, and TRIOBP-1, are found to form aggregates, but it is unclear whether they aggregate independently or interact with each other. The results show that while some proteins can co-aggregate, it is more common for them to aggregate in a parallel manner through independent mechanisms.
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
N. A. Martin, V. Molnar, G. T. Szilagyi, M. L. Elkjaer, A. Nawrocki, J. Okarmus, A. Wlodarczyk, E. K. Thygesen, M. Palkovits, F. Gallyas, M. R. Larsen, H. Lassmann, E. Benedikz, T. Owens, A. F. Svenningsen, Z. Illes
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2017)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
N. A. Martin, A. Nawrocki, V. Molnar, M. L. Elkjaer, E. K. Thygesen, M. Palkovits, P. Acs, T. Sejbaek, H. H. Nielsen, Z. Hegedus, F. Sellebjerg, E. G. V. Barbosa, N. Alcaraz, F. Gallyas, A. F. Svenningsen, J. Baumbach, H. Lassmann, M. R. Larsen, Z. Illes
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2017)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Monika Albert, Alonso Barrantes-Freer, Melanie Lohrberg, Jack P. Antel, John W. Prineas, Miklos Palkovits, Joachim R. Wolff, Wolfgang Brueck, Christine Stadelmann
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Yogesh Dwivedi, Bhaskar Roy, Qingzhong Wang, Miklos Palkovits, Gabor Faludi
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2017)