Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claire S. Whyte, Hadj Ahmed. Mostefai, Kim M. Baeten, Andrew J. Lucking, David E. Newby, Nuala A. Booth, Nicola J. Mutch
Summary: The resolution of arterial thrombi relies on the endogenous fibrinolytic system. tPA primarily localizes to the thrombus head in a free and active form. Thrombi formed under high shear conditions are more resistant to fibrinolysis due to less tPA and increased PAI-1 concentrations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manuel Yepes, Yena Woo, Cynthia Martin-Jimenez
Summary: The neurovascular unit is a complex structure involving various cells and components that are essential for maintaining normal neuronal function. Plasminogen activators play a crucial role in regulating the function of the neurovascular unit, with dysfunction leading to neurodegenerative disorders. Research on the expression and function of tissue-type plasminogen activator and urokinase-type plasminogen activator in the neurovascular unit has provided valuable insights into neurovascular and neurodegenerative disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Priyadeep Bhutani, Gaurav Joshi, Nivethitha Raja, Namrata Bachhav, Prabhakar K. Rajanna, Hemant Bhutani, Atish T. Paul, Raj Kumar
Summary: This study compiled and analyzed 245 drugs approved by the U.S. FDA from 2015 to June 2020, focusing on cancer, infectious diseases, neurological conditions, and genetic, metabolic, cardiovascular disorders. The analysis also looked at the structural, elemental, and functional group diversity among the approved drugs, as well as drug-likeness for the approved drugs.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jeeyun A. Kim, Rachel Ceccarelli, Christine Y. Lu
Summary: Pharmacogenomics (PGx) is a key component of precision medicine that analyzes genetic variations to tailor drug therapies. This study found that the proportion of new drugs approved by the US FDA with PGx information has been increasing, especially in the field of cancer therapies. Results show that PGx information in cancer drugs is more clinically actionable compared to other therapeutic areas, indicating the need for more evidence to support the clinical adoption of pharmacogenomics in non-cancer treatments.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Ruining She, Jinwen Ge, Zhigang Mei
Summary: This article discusses the multifaceted functions of tPA in the central nervous system and explores the therapeutic potential of tPA in acute ischemic stroke.
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Christopher D. Barrett, Hunter B. Moore, Ernest E. Moore, Janice Wang, Negin Hajizadeh, Walter L. Biffl, Lawrence Lottenberg, Purvesh R. Patel, Michael S. Truitt, Robert C. McIntyre, Todd M. Bull, Lee Anne Ammons, Arsen Ghasabyan, James Chandler, Ivor S. Douglas, Eric P. Schmidt, Peter K. Moore, Franklin L. Wright, Ramona Ramdeo, Robert Borrego, Mario Rueda, Achal Dhupa, D. Scott McCaul, Tala Dandan, Pralay K. Sarkar, Benazir Khan, Coimbatore Sreevidya, Conner McDaniel, Heather M. Grossman Verner, Christopher Pearcy, Lorenzo Anez-Bustillos, Elias N. Baedorf-Kassis, Rashi Jhunjhunwala, Shahzad Shaefi, Krystal Capers, Valerie Banner-Goodspeed, Daniel S. Talmor, Angela Sauaia, Michael B. Yaffe
Summary: This study investigated the effects of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) on pulmonary function in severe COVID-19 respiratory failure. The results showed significant improvement in lung oxygenation in the tPA bolus group compared to the control group. However, there were no statistically significant differences in the improvement of PaO2/FIO2 ratio, composite outcome, ventilator-free days, and in-hospital mortality between the tPA bolus group and the control group.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daisuke Yamashita, Yuji Matsumoto, Yoshinori Tamaoki, Yukio Ueda, Hiroyuki Okada, Toshiyuki Kawashima, Yutaka Yamashita, Teiji Nakayama, Kazuo Umemura
Summary: This study developed a pulse laser thrombolysis system that uses pulsed laser irradiation to cut thrombus and analyzed the dynamics and growth rate of bubbles. The study contributes to understanding the mechanism of laser thrombolysis therapy and its clinical application.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Saghir Ali, Jia Zhou
Summary: The objective of this review is to provide an update on fluorine-containing drugs approved by the FDA in the past five years. A total of fifty-eight fluorinated entities were accepted for the diagnosis, mitigation, and treatment of various diseases. The drugs are categorized based on their therapeutic areas and information about their trade name, approval date, active ingredients, developers, indications, and mechanisms of action are provided. This review is expected to inspire drug discovery and medicinal chemistry research in both industrial and academic settings, leading to the discovery of new drugs in the future.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Indu Passi, Sushant Salwan, Bhupinder Kumar
Summary: COVID-19 has posed challenges to the pharmaceutical industry, but it has not negatively impacted new drug approvals. The US FDA has approved around 100 medications in the past two years, with 40% of them being used for cancer treatment. Other major therapeutic areas include neurological diseases, infectious diseases, and cardiovascular disorders. The study also reveals an increasing focus on biologics in research.
MINI-REVIEWS IN MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Robert Zeiser, Stephanie J. Lee
Summary: Chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) is a major immunologic complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation, and current treatments often have severe side effects. In recent years, ibrutinib, belumosudil, and ruxolitinib have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for cGVHD and hold promise for future treatment.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Vignan Yogendrakumar, James Beharry, Leonid Churilov, Khairunnisa Alidin, Melissa Ugalde, Lauren Pesavento, Louise Weir, Peter J. Mitchell, Timothy J. Kleinig, Nawaf Yassi, Vincent Thijs, Teddy Y. Wu, Darshan G. Shah, Helen M. Dewey, Tissa Wijeratne, Bernard Yan, Patricia M. Desmond, Gagan Sharma, Mark W. Parsons, Geoffrey A. Donnan, Stephen M. Davis, Bruce C. Campbell
Summary: This study found that tenecteplase is more effective than alteplase in improving reperfusion in patients with large vessel occlusions. Importantly, this improvement is consistent across different thrombolytic to reperfusion assessment times.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Parvin Ahmaditabar, Mahboobeh Mahmoodi, Ramezan Ali Taheri, Azadeh Asefnejad
Summary: The study aimed to design a liposome drug delivery system for controlled release of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and delivery of the drug system into the thrombus using Nd:YAG laser. The results showed that Lip/PSCS-tPA had a higher release rate, improved thrombolysis, and better cardiac function compared to tPA alone. Thus, the combination of Lip/ PSCS-tPA and laser thrombolysis can be introduced as an appropriate technique for accelerating thrombolysis.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mary Hollist, Larry Morgan, Rainier Cabatbat, Katherine Au, Maaida F. Kirmani, Batool F. Kirmani
Summary: Stroke is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States, and recent advancements in acute ischemic stroke management have been significant. By utilizing multimodal CT and MRI, as well as individualizing treatment, the impact of stroke can be reduced and the likelihood of functional independence increased.
Article
Cell Biology
Qi Hua, Hao Cheng, Yong-Qing Yang, Jin-Song An, Min Zhang, Shuai Gong, Ming-Jiu Luo, Jing-He Tan
Summary: Studies show that increased secretion of glucocorticoids in females leads to impairment of oocyte competence and embryo development due to apoptosis of ovarian and oviductal cells. However, the mechanisms by which glucocorticoids induce apoptosis in these cells are not well understood. This study investigates the role of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) in corticosterone-induced apoptosis of mouse mural granulosa cells (MGCs) and oviductal epithelial cells (OECs). The results suggest that tPA has an anti-apoptotic effect in both MGCs and OECs, protecting them from corticosterone-induced apoptosis by interacting with different receptors.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kazunori Toyoda, Manabu Inoue, Sohei Yoshimura, Hiroshi Yamagami, Makoto Sasaki, Mayumi Fukuda-Doi, Kazumi Kimura, Koko Asakura, Kaori Miwa, Takao Kanzawa, Masafumi Ihara, Rei Kondo, Masayuki Shiozawa, Masafumi Ohtaki, Kenji Kamiyama, Ryo Itabashi, Toru Iwama, Junya Aoki, Kazuo Minematsu, Haruko Yamamoto, Masatoshi Koga
Summary: This study focused on low-dose thrombolysis in patients with unknown onset stroke and found that patients with DWI-ASPECTS of 5 to 8 were more likely to have favorable outcomes after treatment.