Article
Neurosciences
Kumari Vandana Singh, Chandra Prakash, Jay Prakash Nirala, Ranjan Kumar Nanda, Paulraj Rajamani
Summary: Mobile phones are commonly used devices for digital media and communication, but their radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) can have adverse effects on the brains of young adolescents. This study found that exposure to RF-EMR led to lipid peroxidation, DNA damage, and reduced neurogenesis and neuronal degeneration in the brain of rats.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adalberto Merighi, Nadia Gionchiglia, Alberto Granato, Laura Lossi
Summary: The gamma phosphorylated form of histone H2AX, known as gamma H2AX, was discovered over 40 years ago and has been found to play a crucial role in the cellular response to DNA damage. It is involved in various cellular functions in both normal and pathological cells. Particularly, its involvement in the central nervous system, from immature to mature neurons, highlights its importance in neurogenesis and neuronal cell death, showcasing its pleiotropic nature with diverse functions from embryonic life to old age.
Article
Neurosciences
Marco Ghibaudi, Nicole Marchetti, Elena Vergnano, Chiara La Rosa, Bruno Benedetti, Sebastien Couillard-Despres, Stefano Farioli-Vecchioli, Luca Bonfanti
Summary: The recent discovery of cortical immature neurons (cINs) in the piriform cortex raises questions about their maintenance or reduction throughout the lifespan. Unlike most brain structural plasticity forms, which decline with age due to stem cell depletion, all cINs are produced during embryogenesis and retain their immaturity until they fully mature and integrate into neural circuits. This study analyzed the abundance, maturation stage, and expression of markers of maturity/immaturity in cINs in the mouse piriform cortex from postnatal to advanced ages. The results show that while the number of cINs decreases with age, a small population of highly immature cINs persists in advanced ages.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yanxia Ding, Yantong Wu, Juan Chen, Zhaoli Zhou, Bing Zhao, Rihong Zhao, Yuzi Cui, Qin Li, Yue Cong
Summary: Ethanol-induced brain injury can be protected by Eucommia ulmoides through reducing DNA damage and inhibiting oxidative stress.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emily Ho, Carmen P. Wong, Janet C. King
Summary: Dr. Bruce Ames pioneered the understanding of oxidative stress, DNA damage, and the connection between micronutrient deficiencies and DNA damage. Zinc is essential for human health, playing a critical role in cellular antioxidant defense, DNA integrity, and immune function. Studies have shown that zinc deficiency is associated with oxidative stress, susceptibility to DNA damage, and chronic inflammation, emphasizing the importance of adequate nutrition for healthy aging.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Milton Talukder, Shao-Shuai Bi, Hai-Tao Jin, Jing Ge, Cong Zhang, Mei-Wei Lv, Jin-Long Li
Summary: The study reveals that Cd-induced cerebral toxicity may involve the over-expression of metal transporters, suppression of MTF1 and its main target metal-responsive genes, as well as dysregulation of several selenoproteins.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jinpeng Niu, Qing Jiao, Dong Cui, Ruhai Dou, Yongxin Guo, Guanghui Yu, Xiaotong Zhang, Fengzhu Sun, Jianfeng Qiu, Li Dong, Weifang Cao
Summary: This study reveals the heterogeneous patterns of structural changes in the aging human brain and their association with cognition. The authors investigated the relationship between cortical morphometric similarity networks and brain-wide gene transcription using neuroimaging data and a transcriptome dataset. They found reproducible change patterns in the morphometric similarity networks of cognitive and sensorimotor related areas with age. Furthermore, these changes were spatially correlated with the expression of age-related genes that are involved in synaptic-related biological processes. The transcription changes in astrocytes, microglia, and neuronal cells played a significant role in the age-related morphometric similarity network changes. Overall, this study provides insights into the molecular and cellular substrates underlying cortical structural changes associated with cognitive decline in aging adults.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marwa H. Bakr, Eman Radwan, Asmaa S. Shaltout, Alshaimaa A. Farrag, Amany Refaat Mahmoud, Tarek Hamdy Abd-Elhamid, Maha Ali
Summary: Chronic tramadol use is associated with cardiovascular complications, affecting oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and eNOS expression. Tramadol causes cardiac damage by upregulating oxidative stress and inflammatory markers while downregulating eNOS expression.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Brian H. Walsh, Rachel A. Paul, Terrie E. Inder, Joshua S. Shimony, Christopher D. Smyser, Cynthia E. Rogers
Summary: The study revealed that very preterm infants who underwent surgery requiring anesthesia during the preterm period had lower white matter volumes and worse cognitive and motor development outcomes at 2 years of age.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Naieli Schiefelbein Souto, Micheli Dassi, Ana Claudia Monteiro Braga, Erica Vanessa Furlan Rosa, Michele Rechia Fighera, Luiz Fernando Freire Royes, Mauro Schneider Oliveira, Marcel Henrique Marcondes Sari, Ana Flavia Furian
Summary: Several studies have demonstrated the toxicity of both aspartame (ASP) and aflatoxin B-1 (AFB(1)) separately, but little is known about their concomitant exposure and hazardous consequences. In this study, male rats were exposed to AFB(1), ASP, or both substances for 14 days. The results showed that the combination of ASP and AFB(1) had greater behavioral impairments and oxidative status imbalance compared to the groups treated with only ASP or AFB(1). These findings suggest that the co-exposure to ASP and AFB(1) disrupts brain homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Azubuike P. Ebokaiwe, Odobi R. Ushang, Iyiagwor P. Chimezie, Nvene Chiamaka
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects of zinc (Zn) on the brain damage caused by cadmium (Cd) exposure in rats. The results showed that Zn reversed the increased activities of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) induced by Cd exposure, as well as the disruption in antioxidant systems and the elevation in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. In addition, Zn prevented the altered behavioral indices and brain histological changes caused by Cd exposure.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Thiviya Selvanathan, Mireille Guillot, Helen M. Branson, Vann Chau, Edmond N. Kelly, Steven P. Miller
Summary: Malformations of cortical development (MCD) are a rare group of disorders caused by genetic, metabolic, infectious, or vascular factors that disrupt the development of the cerebral cortex. They are typically detected with brain MRI when symptomatic, but recent advances allow for detection during fetal or neonatal periods. This study presents neuroimaging findings and neurodevelopmental outcomes of a very preterm infant with incidentally detected MCD on neonatal research brain MRI.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Liyue Shen, Jimmy Zheng, Edward H. Lee, Katie Shpanskaya, Emily S. McKenna, Mahesh G. Atluri, Dinko Plasto, Courtney Mitchell, Lillian M. Lai, Carolina Guimaraes, Hisham Dahmoush, Jane Chueh, Safwan S. Halabi, John M. Pauly, Lei Xing, Quin Lu, Ozgur Oztekin, Beth M. Kline-Fath, Kristen W. Yeom
Summary: Magnetic resonance imaging provides unparalleled visualization of the fetal brain, but accurately determining age-appropriate neural development has been challenging. This study presents a deep learning model that predicts gestational age with high accuracy and minimal error. The model demonstrates good performance and generalizability across different institutions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Eman S. Said, Radwa M. Ahmed, Rehab A. Mohammed, Enas M. Morsi, Mohamed H. Elmahdi, Hassan S. Elsayed, Rania H. Mahmoud, Eman H. Nadwa
Summary: Mercury is a highly toxic metal that induces toxicity via reactive oxygen species. This study found that mercuric chloride reduced antioxidant enzyme activity and increased oxidative stress levels. Melatonin effectively improved the neurotoxic effects caused by mercuric chloride on rat brain tissues.
Article
Neurosciences
Avinash Kalyani, Oliver Contier, Lisa Klemm, Elena Azanon, Stefanie Schreiber, Oliver Speck, Christoph Reichert, Esther Kuehn
Summary: The study used ultra-high resolution fMRI data to detect differences in tactile representations between younger and older adults, and found that the columnar architecture in the primary somatosensory cortex changes with age.
Article
Oncology
Gustavo A. Laporte, Natalia M. Leguisamo, Helena de Castro e Gloria, Daniel B. Azambuja, Antonio N. Kalil, Jenifer Saffi
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tamara Machado dos Santos, Carolina Cristovao Martins, Danielle Tapia Bueno, Ianka Jacondino Nunes, Franciele Faccio Busatto, Roberta Cargnelutti, Cristiane Luchese, Osvaldo de Lazaro Casagrande Jr, Jenifer Saffi, Ethel Antunes Wilhelm, Adriana Castro Pinheiro
JOURNAL OF INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Cell Biology
Matshediso Zachariah, Hatem Maamoun, Larissa Milano, Margaret P. Rayman, Lisiane B. Meira, Abdelali Agouni
Summary: Selenium is an essential trace element for human health, but a balanced intake is crucial for maximizing its health benefits. High selenium intake above physiological levels may increase diabetes risk and result in endothelial dysfunction. Selenium induces cancer cell apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress, but its role in endothelial dysfunction remains unknown.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Iranez Bortolotto, Ana Paula Scherer de Brum, Temenouga Nikolova Guecheva, Larissa Milano de Souza, Ana Ligia Lia de Paula-Ramos, Cristiano Trindade, Angelica Rosat Consiglio
Summary: In a study on a nursing team in a university hospital in southern Brazil, researchers found correlations between salivary cortisol levels, DNA damage, and cognition. Salivary cortisol levels upon waking up and at bedtime were associated with cognitive performance, indicating their potential impact on overall health and essential work skills.
MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Marcela Silva dos Santos, Marcio Marcal Lobo, Simone Schneider Amaral, Nilo Zanatta, Cassiana Macagnan Viau, Jenifer Saffi
Summary: The study demonstrates that compound 9c induces cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase, increases levels of reactive oxygen species and DNA damage, and triggers DNA damage response by ATM and histone H2AX phosphorylation induction in PC-3 cells. Additionally, compound 9c leads to lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial depolarization, activating the intrinsic pathway and increasing cleaved caspase-9 and 3. Furthermore, 9c reduces vascular endothelial growth factor expression (VEGF) and inhibits topoisomerase I enzyme, indicating its potential as a new molecule for further investigation in prostate cancer management.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Franciele Faccio Busatto, Victoria Pereira Viero, Bruna Thais Schaefer, Jenifer Saffi
Summary: The study found that all NER genes increased during treatment with DOX, but not after treatment with PCTX. MRE11 was consistently overexpressed at all evaluated time points. As cells were followed-up and regained their growth pattern, there was a resumption of NER genes overexpression profile.
Article
Oncology
Helena de Castro e Gloria, Laura Jesuino Nogueira, Patricia Bencke Grudzinski, Paola Victoria da Costa Ghignatti, Temenouga Nikolova Guecheva, Natalia Motta Leguisamo, Jenifer Saffi
Summary: Our study demonstrated that Olaparib enhances the cytotoxicity of 5-FU in MMR-deficient CRC cells, while it reduces clonogenic survival and induces DNA damage in MMR-proficient CRC cells. Combined therapy with Olaparib could be a strategy to overcome 5-FU chemotherapeutic resistance in MMR-deficient CRC.
Review
Oncology
Paula Pellenz Tomasini, Temenouga Nikolova Guecheva, Natalia Motta Leguisamo, Sarah Pericart, Anne-Cecile Brunac, Jean Sebastien Hoffmann, Jenifer Saffi
Summary: Colorectal cancer is a common cancer that currently relies on conventional chemotherapy for treatment, but targeting DNA repair and replication stress response may offer new therapeutic opportunities. Synthetic lethal mechanisms targeting DNA damage response pathways have not been systematically explored in CRC, presenting a potential area for further research and clinical trials.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Veronica Bidinotto Brito, Leopoldo Vinicius Martins Nascimento, Dinara Jaqueline Moura, Jenifer Saffi
Summary: Supplementation with resveratrol during pregnancy in rats can protect offspring cardiomyocytes against doxorubicin-induced toxicity, likely due to its antioxidant function and enhancement of DNA damage repair response.
ARQUIVOS BRASILEIROS DE CARDIOLOGIA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Larissa Milano, Clara F. Charlier, Rafaela Andreguetti, Thomas Cox, Eleanor Healing, Marcos P. Thome, Ruan M. Elliott, Leona D. Samson, Jean-Yves Masson, Guido Lenz, Joao Antonio P. Henriques, Axel Nohturfft, Lisiane B. Meira
Summary: The study investigates the effects of the alkylating agent MMS on gene expression in mouse liver using mice deficient in the enzyme Aag. It shows that Aag deficiency leads to a reduction in the cellular stress response induced by alkylation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Franciele Faccio Busatto, Sofiane Y. Mersaoui, Yilun Sun, Yves Pommier, Jean-Yves Masson, Jenifer Saffi
Summary: This study further defines the mechanism and type of lesions induced by TOP2 inhibitors when CSB is abrogated. CSB knockdown provokes the accumulation of DSBs induced by TOP2 inhibitors and stimulates the activity of TOP2.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Wejdan M. Alenezi, Larissa Milano, Caitlin T. Fierheller, Corinne Serruya, Timothee Revil, Kathleen K. Oros, Supriya Behl, Suzanna L. Arcand, Porangana Nayar, Dan Spiegelman, Simon Gravel, Anne-Marie Mes-Masson, Diane Provencher, William D. Foulkes, Zaki El Haffaf, Guy Rouleau, Luigi Bouchard, Celia M. T. Greenwood, Jean-Yves Masson, Jiannis Ragoussis, Patricia N. Tonin
Summary: We investigated the association between RAD51C and RAD51D genes and ovarian cancer risk in French Canadians. We identified carriers of rare pathogenic variants and studied their biological impact and sensitivity to treatment. Our findings support the role of RAD51C and RAD51D in hereditary ovarian cancer.
Article
Biology
Marjorie Fournier, Amelie Rodrigue, Larissa Milano, Jean-Yves Bleuyard, Anthony M. Couturier, Jacob Wall, Jessica Ellins, Svenja Hester, Stephen J. Smerdon, Laszlo Tora, Jean-Yves Masson, Fumiko Esashi
Summary: The tumour suppressor PALB2 stimulates homologous recombination (HR) repair of DNA damage and protects active genes during DNA replication. Acetylation of the 7K-patch within the PALB2 chromatin association motif (ChAM) by KAT2A/2B enhances PALB2's association with nucleosomes. DNA damage triggers deacetylation of ChAM and increases PALB2's mobility. Mutations in the 7K-patch affect PALB2's chromatin binding, leading to defects in RAD51 foci formation and decreased cell survival.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Cezary Cybulski, Neda Zamani, Wojciech Kluzniak, Larissa Milano, Dominika Wokolorczyk, Klaudia Stempa, Helena Rudnicka, Shiyu Zhang, Maryam Zadeh, Tomasz Huzarski, Anna Jakubowska, Tadeusz Debniak, Marcin Lener, Marek Szwiec, Pawel Domagala, Amir Abbas Samani, Steven Narod, Jacek Gronwald, Jean-Yves Masson, Jan Lubnski, Mohammad R. Akbari
Summary: Through whole-exome sequencing of a founder population in Poland, researchers identified a rare ATRIP gene mutation associated with breast cancer. This association was further confirmed in validation studies. Functional experiments revealed that the ATRIP mutation leads to loss of heterozygosity and genomic homologous recombination deficiency in breast cancer cells, linking DNA replication stress to breast cancer.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Julia O'Sullivan, Charu Kothari, Marie-Christine Caron, Jean-Philippe Gagne, Zhigang Jin, Louis Nonfoux, Adele Beneyton, Yan Coulombe, Melissa Thomas, Nurgul Atalay, X. Wei Meng, Larissa Milano, Dominique Jean, Francois-Michel Boisvert, Scott H. Kaufmann, Michael J. Hendzel, Jean-Yves Masson, Guy G. Poirier
Summary: Zinc finger (ZNF) motifs are frequently occurring domains in the human genome and have recently been found to regulate genome integrity. This study identifies a novel PAR reader protein called ZNF432, which plays a key role in balancing the outcome of PARPi response by regulating homologous recombination.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)