Article
Biology
Larisa R. G. DeSantis, Melissa Pardi, Andrew Du, Michael A. Greshko, Lindsey T. Yann, Richard C. Hulbert, Julien Louys
Summary: This study explores the intraspecific dietary variation of herbivorous mammals across the globe and through time by analyzing carbon isotopes in their enamel. The findings reveal that almost all herbivores, regardless of their dietary strategies, exhibit individual specialization with narrow carbon isotope ranges. This individual specialization reduces intraspecific competition, increases carrying capacities, and has stabilizing effects on species and communities over time.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Alejandro Romero, Alejandro Perez-Perez, Laura M. Martinez, Gabriele A. Macho, Gabriel Garcia Atienzar
Summary: Reconstructing the life histories of extinct hominins is a significant focus in paleoanthropological research. This study examines the relationship between dental wear rates and weaning time using shape descriptors and isotopic composition, and suggests that dietary breadth and seasonal resource availability are implicated in the timing of weaning.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Thure E. Cerling, Stefano M. Bernasconi, Lino S. Hofstetter, Madalina Jaggi, Fabia Wyss, Claudia Rudolf von Rohr, Marcus Clauss
Summary: This study collected breath and diet samples from 29 animal taxa from Zurich and Basel Zoos to investigate carbon isotope enrichment. Different digestive physiologies were found to impact isotope enrichments, and CH4/CO2 ratios were correlated with these enrichments. The findings have implications for animal physiology, wildlife ecology, and paleontology.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Yonghua Wu
Summary: Using a molecular phyloecological approach, this study examined the adaptive evolution of digestive system-related genes in carnivorous and herbivorous mammals within Laurasiatheria. The results show intensified selection of fat and protein utilization in carnivorous lineages, consistent with their high-protein and high-fat diets. Interestingly, herbivorous lineages exhibited a similar selection pattern, suggesting that the selection of digestive system-related genes is not solely determined by nutrient components in their diets.
BMC ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
P. Milillo, E. Rignot, P. Rizzoli, B. Scheuchl, J. Mouginot, J. L. Bueso-Bello, P. Prats-Iraola, L. Dini
Summary: Grounding-line observations from satellite radar interferometry show that the Pope, Smith, and Kohler glaciers in West Antarctica have experienced rapid retreat rates in recent years, faster than anticipated. The retreat is likely caused by unrepresented ice-ocean interactions within newly formed cavities at the ice-ocean boundary.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Courtney L. Smith, Paul M. Harrison, Daniel J. Bernard
Summary: The IGSF1 gene encodes a transmembrane glycoprotein that is highly expressed in the pituitary glands of mammals. Mutations in this gene cause congenital central hypothyroidism in humans. The IGSF1 protein undergoes cleavage during translation, resulting in N- and C-terminal domains. The C-terminal domain is functionally active, while the N-terminal domain is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum and serves no apparent function. The researchers propose that the ancestral IGSF1 gene encoded only the C-terminal domain, with the N-terminal domain being duplicated and integrated into the protein later on.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Haibo Fu, Liangzhi Zhang, Chao Fan, Chuanfa Liu, Wenjing Li, Qi Cheng, Xinquan Zhao, Shangang Jia, Yanming Zhang
Summary: This study demonstrates that host and seasonal factors influence the composition and function of gut microbiota in plateau pikas and yaks. Seasonality drives divergence and convergence of microbial communities based on dietary quality between winter and summer.
MICROBIAL BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Haider Ali, Hayley J. Fowler, David Pritchard, Geert Lenderink, Stephen Blenkinsop, Elizabeth Lewis
Summary: Uncertainty in extreme precipitation-temperature relationship may arise from the choice of data and methods. Quality-controlled, high-precision observations and robust methods are important for accurately estimating scaling and understanding changes in precipitation extremes with warming.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Agnieszka Tomza-Marciniak, Bogumilla Pilarczy, Radoslaw Drozd, Renata Pilarczyk, Marta Juszczak-Czasnojc, Viktoriia Havryliak, Joanna Podlasiinka, Jan Udala
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentrations of Se and Hg and their relationship in the tissues of 4 species of wild mammals, as well as their effect on the antioxidant system in the tested animals. The study found that omnivores showed higher Se concentrations in all organs compared to herbivores. The highest concentration of Hg was found in the kidneys, while the lowest was in the muscles. The ratio between Se and Hg, rather than their concentrations, affected the antioxidant status, specifically the CAT activity.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Marcos D. Ercoli, Alicia Alvarez, Natalie M. Warburton, Christine M. Janis, Elena G. Potapova, Susan W. Herring, Guillermo H. Cassini, Juliana Tarquini, Alexander Kuznetsov
Summary: Masticatory muscle features provide insights into the evolution of dietary habits and masticatory functions in mammals. Traditional classifications of herbivorous mammals as 'ungulate-grinding' or 'rodent-gnawing' may not adequately represent their diversity. A comprehensive scheme of masticatory morphotypes was established based on data from 104 herbivorous and 10 non-herbivorous extant species, as well as four extinct taxa. The study revealed 15 morphotypes and discussed their evolutionary pathways and convergence. The findings challenge previous assumptions and provide criteria for paleobiological reconstructions.
ZOOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Valentin L. Fischer, Daniela E. Winkler, Robert Glogowski, Thomas Attin, Jean-Michel Hatt, Marcus Clauss, Florian Wegehaupt
Summary: The wear rates of hypselodont teeth in lagomorphs or rodents are higher compared to ungulates, possibly due to differences in enamel hardness. In this study, the hardness of enamel from cattle and nutria incisors was tested, and the susceptibility to enamel abrasion was assessed using different abrasives. The results showed that nutria enamel had lower hardness than cattle enamel and was more susceptible to abrasion when exposed to fine silt and volcanic ash.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Ariana N. Gobaud, Michael R. Kramer, Erin R. Stearns, Danielle F. Haley
Summary: The study found a positive correlation between violent crime and poverty, neighborhood proportion Black, and neighborhood deprivation. The association between violent crime and preterm birth was stronger when using estimated crime rates compared to observed rates. Adjusting for confounders, the association between living in a high violent crime neighborhood and preterm birth was consistent for white women but systematically underestimated for Black women using estimated crime rates.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
S. Vishnu, Mark D. Risser, Travis A. O'Brien, Paul A. Ullrich, William R. Boos
Summary: Most extreme precipitation in central India is caused by monsoon lows and monsoon depressions. Using satellite data and atmospheric reanalysis, this study reveals that rain rates have increased in the southwest quadrant of monsoon depressions and decreased in the eastern quadrants. The intensity of rotational winds around the storm center showed no clear trends.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kaike Ren, Lanlan Feng, Shuangli Sun, Xiaohong Zhuang
Summary: Mitochondrial homeostasis refers to the balance of mitochondrial number and quality in a cell, maintained through processes like biogenesis, fusion/fission, and clearance. Mitophagy is a selective autophagy process that prevents the release of harmful mitochondrial materials. Recent studies have shown a close connection between mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics, and programmed cell death.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Petra Drzewniokova, Francesca Festa, Valentina Panzarin, Davide Lelli, Ana Moreno, Barbara Zecchin, Paola De Benedictis, Stefania Leopardi
Summary: This study reviewed the features of CoV surveillance in animals and tested the sensitivity of molecular protocols, finding that current protocols are biased towards alpha- and beta-CoVs with medium-low sensitivity. A new RT-PCR assay was proposed with optimal sensitivity for alpha-, beta-, and gamma-CoVs, showing promising results in detecting a broad range of CoVs in field samples.
Article
Ecology
Lev Ginzburg, John Damuth
AMERICAN NATURALIST
(2008)
Article
Ecology
Raymond L. Bernor, Gina M. Semprebon, John Damuth
ANNALES ZOOLOGICI FENNICI
(2014)
Article
Biology
John Damuth, Christine M. Janis
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2011)
Article
Biology
Lev R. Ginzburg, Oskar Burger, John Damuth
Biographical-Item
Ecology
Lee Hsiang Liow, Carl Simpson, Frederic Bouchard, John Damuth, Benedikt Hallgrimsson, Gene Hunt, Dan W. McShea, Jeffrey R. Powell, Nils C. Stenseth, Melissa K. Stoller, Gunter Wagner
Review
Zoology
Jussi T. Eronen, P. David Polly, Marianne Fred, John Damuth, David C. Frank, Volker Mosbrugger, Christoph Scheidegger, Nils Chr. Stenseth, Mikael Fortelius
INTEGRATIVE ZOOLOGY
(2010)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jayanth R. Banavar, Melanie E. Moses, James H. Brown, John Damuth, Andrea Rinaldo, Richard M. Sibly, Amos Maritan
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2010)
Review
Biology
P. David Polly, Jussi T. Eronen, Marianne Fred, Gregory P. Dietl, Volker Mosbrugger, Christoph Scheidegger, David C. Frank, John Damuth, Nils C. Stenseth, Mikael Fortelius
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2011)
Meeting Abstract
Paleontology
John Damuth, Christine M. Janis, Kenny J. Travouillon, Michael Archer, Suzanne J. Hand
JOURNAL OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY
(2012)
Article
Ecology
J. T. Eronen, K. Puolamaki, L. Liu, K. Lintulaakso, J. Damuth, C. Janis, M. Fortelius
EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY RESEARCH
(2010)
Article
Ecology
J. T. Eronen, K. Puolamaki, L. Liu, K. Lintulaakso, J. Damuth, C. Janis, M. Fortelius
EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY RESEARCH
(2010)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jayanth R. Banavar, John Damuth, Amos Maritan, Andrea Rinaldo
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2007)
Letter
Biology
JR Banavar, J Damuth, A Maritan, A Rinaldo
JOURNAL OF THEORETICAL BIOLOGY
(2006)
Article
Ecology
John Damuth
AMERICAN NATURALIST
(2007)