Article
Electrochemistry
Samuel C. Perry, Joshua White, Iris Nandhakumar
Summary: Tellurium nanowire films were successfully produced by electrochemical deposition from deep eutectic solvents (DES) on gold film electrodes. The deposition was evenly distributed over the gold surface, with an average diameter of -70 nm and length of -1 mu m. Deposition sensitivity to potential, tellurium concentration, and bath temperature, as well as the impact of replacing chloride with bromide or iodide in the solvent on film structure, were observed.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Zhuo Tan, Kaixuan Li, Yuanhui Xiao, Yu Gu, Ziang Nan, Weiwei Wang, Lan Sun, Deyin Wu, Bingwei Mao, Jiawei Yan
Summary: The electrochemical behaviors of Au(100) electrode in two choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) ethaline and reline have been studied by cyclic voltammetry and in situ scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). An order-order phase transition of chloride ion adlayer was observed in ethaline, while an order-disorder phase transition was observed in reline. Gold nanowires could form and stably exist on Au(100) surface in reline, which is different from that formed on Au(111) surface. The arrangement of gold atoms on the electrode surface and chloride ions in the innermost Stern plane can be affected by hydrogen bond donor molecules and the surface crystallography of the electrode interface.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
A. Kityk, V. Pavlik, M. Hnatko
Summary: This review examines the utilization of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in the development of efficient photo-and electrocatalytic coatings for hydrogen evolution. It provides a comprehensive overview of recent research achievements and proposes ideas for the advancement of novel materials for hydrogen production. The review emphasizes the significant impact of DESs on the morphological features of catalysts and presents a critical comparison between DESs and aqueous electrolytes commonly used in catalysis development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ke Wang, Justin Phelps, Reza Abdolvand, Jennifer Carter, Hoda Amani Hamedani
Summary: This study investigates the electrodeposition of zinc on nanoporous metal oxide titania nanotube arrays (TiO2 NTAs) using a zinc-containing deep eutectic solvent (Zn2+-DES). The morphology and electrochemical properties of the Zn/TiO2 NTAs were affected by substrate morphology and crystallinity, deposition temperature, zinc concentration, and deposition time. The electrodeposition resulted in the formation of two-dimensional zinc nanohexagons on the TiO2 NTAs. The Zn/TiO2 NTAs exhibited improved electrochemical properties and lower impedance, making them a promising material system for implantable electrochemical sensors.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
L. A. Azpeitia, C. A. Gervasi, A. E. Bolzan
Summary: The electrodeposition process of tin films on copper electrodes in ethaline and reline deep eutectic solvents (DES) was investigated. The voltammetric data showed the occurrence of underpotential and overpotential electrodeposition processes, which were controlled by surface reactions and mass transport, respectively. The morphology and crystal structure of the tin deposits varied with the electrodeposition time and the type of solvent. XRD analysis revealed the formation of intermetallic compounds in the deposited films. The diffusion coefficient and activation energy of Sn(II) ions in both DES were determined through rotating disk electrode measurements.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nguyen Nhat Nam, Hoang Dang Khoa Do, Kieu The Loan Trinh, Nae Yoon Lee
Summary: The first report of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in 2003 introduced them as a new type of ionic liquid (IL) with innovative chemical and physical characteristics. DESs, using green solvent technology, provide a sustainable approach for nanomaterial fabrication, allowing for the design of nanostructures with specific morphology and properties by adjusting reaction conditions. Their use in synthesis reactions reduces energy consumption and environmental contamination risks. This review paper discusses and highlights the recent applications and advancements in the use of DESs for green synthesis of nanomaterials, including wet-chemical processes, nanosize reticular material fabrication, electrodeposition/electrochemical synthesis of nanostructures, electroless deposition, DESs-based nano-catalytic systems, and nanofluidic systems.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Gharib Qadr, M. I. Awad, Khozan Haji, Jamil Abdulla Jumaa, Hassan H. Abdallah
Summary: The electrodeposition of nickel in a eutectic-based ionic liquid containing different concentrations of copper ions was studied. The electrolyte solution was characterized, and the electrodeposition process was analyzed. The deposited nickel was tested for hardness and analyzed using various X-ray techniques. It was found that the presence of copper ions in the ionic liquid improved the surface quality and morphology of the nickel deposit.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrew P. Abbott
Summary: This article introduces the characteristics, applications, and recent research progress of deep eutectic solvents, including electrodeposition, metal recycling, and the effects of mixing with water.
CURRENT OPINION IN GREEN AND SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Electrochemistry
Nicholas S. Sinclair, Xiaochen Shen, Evan Guarr, Robert F. Savinell, Jesse S. Wainright
Summary: This study investigates the electrochemical decomposition of ethylene glycol/sodium chloride electrolyte and deep eutectic solvent, revealing a hydrogen production reaction under cathodic conditions and an aldehyde reaction under anodic conditions. The research also shows that a tertiary alcohol only DES has increased stability compared to primary alcohol electrolytes.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Electrochemistry
Quentin Lenne, Vivien Andrieux, Gael Levanen, Jean-Francois Bergamini, Pauline Nicolas, Ludovic Paquin, Corinne Lagrost, Yann R. Leroux
Summary: This study reports the efficient electro-grafting of aryl diazonium salts on carbon surfaces using ethaline as a deep eutectic solvent, demonstrating potential applications. The effects of concentration, deposition time, and potential on electrode blocking behavior and deposited organic film thickness were investigated. Post-functionalization with redox active moieties was also demonstrated on the electro-grafted organic layer.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Eman O. Osman, Amr M. Mahmoud, Sally S. El-Mosallamy, Hala B. El-Nassan
Summary: This study reported the first synthesis of 4H-pyran derivatives using electrochemical synthesis conditions and deep eutectic solvents in a one pot reaction. By optimizing the reaction conditions, high yields of pure pyran derivatives could be obtained in a short amount of time. The use of deep eutectic solvents also eliminated the need for a supporting electrolyte, improving the sustainability of the catalyst.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Aditi Prabhune, Ranjan Dey
Summary: Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) have emerged as potential alternatives to conventional solvents in many industrial applications due to their safety, greenness, ease of preparation and wide range of applications.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hala B. El-Nassan, Sally S. El-Mosallamy, Amr M. Mahmoud
Summary: This study reports the unexpected formation of xanthene-1,8-diones during the attempted Biginelli reaction. The reaction was carried out using cyclohexanedione, thiourea, and different aldehydes under electrochemical conditions with ethanol or deep eutectic solvents, and Amberlyst-15 & REG; was used as a catalyst. The formation of the expected Biginelli reaction product, hexahydroquinazoline-5-one, was not observed under various reaction conditions, suggesting a different mechanistic pathway leading to xanthene-1,8-dione formation. The mechanism was elucidated through cyclic voltammetry.
SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY AND PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Electrochemistry
Yi-Hsueh Chen, Po-Yu Chen, I-Wen Sun
Summary: The study found that tin oxide can be successfully converted into tin metal in deep eutectic solvents containing carboxylic acid, providing a simple and efficient process; this method can be applied to extract metals from insoluble metal oxides.
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Olga Dlugosz
Summary: Natural deep eutectic solvents (NDESs) are a new type of green solvent widely used in various fields such as industry, medicine, and nanotechnology due to their simple preparation, environmental friendliness, biocompatibility, and multifunctionality. This review focuses on their applications in nanotechnology processes, specifically in obtaining functional nanomaterials through their physicochemical properties. The advantages of using NDESs in obtaining inorganic nanoparticles are highlighted, including reducing energy consumption and functionalizing nanoparticles in situ. The review also discusses recent advances and future directions in the development and applications of NDESs in nanotechnology.
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Wanwan Qu, Idrees B. Qader, Andrew P. Abbott
Summary: Deep eutectic solvents (DES) are a type of ionic liquid formed by a mixture of hydrogen bond donors and quaternary ammonium salts, leading to decreased melting points and increased solubility. By formulating pharmaceutical deep eutectic solvents (PDESs) from APIs, the rate of drug uptake can be increased via both oral and transdermal delivery modes. This study shows that PDESs can release drug components more efficiently compared to pure drugs, especially for catechol which showed more than double the dissolution rate after 1s.
DRUG DELIVERY AND TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Electrochemistry
Jennifer M. Hartley, Jack Allen, Julia Meierl, Alexei Schmidt, Ingo Krossing, Andrew P. Abbott
Summary: Novel eutectic mixtures prepared using calcium chloride and ethylene glycol exhibit increased conductivity, decreased viscosity, and lower glass transition temperature. The metal speciation is similar to commonly used deep eutectic solvents, despite differences in water content. Calcium chloride, as a byproduct of the Solvay process, is inexpensive and has low toxicity.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kira R. Mulcahy, Alexander F. R. Kilpatrick, Gavin D. J. Harper, Allan Walton, Andrew P. Abbott
Summary: Structural adhesives play a crucial role in complex technological devices, but can pose significant issues at end of life. This paper discusses the use of adhesives that can be debonded upon application of an external stimulus as an alternative approach, focusing on polymer systems and the applicability of different stimuli.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Carlos Carlesi, Robert C. Harris, Andrew P. Abbott, Gawen R. T. Jenkin
Summary: This study explores the chemical dissolution of chalcopyrite concentrate using a deep eutectic solvent at ambient pressure and moderate temperatures. The results show that copper and iron can be dissolved without changing their oxidation state or solvent pH, and they are stabilized as chloride complexes. The dissolution process is limited by the chemical equilibria of the metallic chloride complexes, and the rate-controlling step is the interdiffusion of species in the solvent. The study also highlights the importance of surface states on chalcopyrite particles and the liquid to solid ratio in the dissolution kinetics. Iron and copper can be recovered separately from the solvent, making this method an interesting alternative to traditional copper extraction processes.
Article
Electrochemistry
Hani K. Ismail, Hasan F. Alesary, Jamil A. Juma, A. Robert Hillman, Karl S. Ryder
Summary: This study investigates the growth and mass behavior of polyaniline (PANI) films prepared in deep eutectic solvent (DES) and acidic aqueous media using cyclic voltammetry and EQCM. The results show that the growth rate of PANI is slower in DES compared to aqueous media due to the higher viscosity of the former. The mobile species and mass behavior of PANI electrodes also differ in different media. Additionally, temperature plays a crucial role in increasing diffusion rate and stability of mass change in viscous ionic liquids.
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sean Scott, Jason Terreblanche, Dana L. Thompson, Chunhong Lei, Jennifer M. Hartley, Andrew P. Abbott, Karl S. Ryder
Summary: Water-soluble biopolymers gelatin and sodium alginate modified with a deep eutectic solvent were investigated as potential alternative binders for lithium-ion battery anodes. The modified binders showed improved plasticity and adhesion compared to unmodified binders and commonly used PVDF or CMC/SBR binders. Both modified gelatin and sodium alginate binders can disperse in water and be rapidly delaminated with mild ultrasound. Microscopy imaging revealed different dispersion behaviors of the two binders around graphite particles.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Laura Lander, Chris Tagnon, Viet Nguyen-Tien, Emma Kendrick, Robert J. R. Elliott, Andrew P. Abbott, Jacqueline S. Edge, Gregory J. Offer
Summary: The electrification of transport and the handling of battery waste are important aspects of achieving net-zero emissions. Battery recycling supports a sustainable circular economy. However, the heterogeneity in battery pack designs hampers efficient disassembly and reduces the viability of recycling. A comprehensive techno-economic assessment identified cost hotspots in battery pack designs and provided guidance for design optimization to save time and costs in end-of-life treatment.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Evangelia Daskalopoulou, Jennifer M. M. Hartley, Rodolfo Marin Rivera, Guillaume Zante, Andrew P. P. Abbott
Summary: This study investigates the influence of different salt anions and solvent anions on copper's redox properties. The results show that the solvent anion has a greater impact than the salt anion. Despite different starting salts, the copper species remain the same, except for copper(i) salt and copper(ii) acetate system that show concentration dependence.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Electrochemistry
Karl S. Ryder
TRANSACTIONS OF THE INSTITUTE OF METAL FINISHING
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Gavin D. J. Harper, Emma Kendrick, Paul A. Anderson, Wojciech Mrozik, Paul Christensen, Simon Lambert, David Greenwood, Prodip K. Das, Mohamed Ahmeid, Zoran Milojevic, Wenjia Du, Dan J. L. Brett, Paul R. Shearing, Alireza Rastegarpanah, Rustam Stolkin, Roberto Sommerville, Anton Zorin, Jessica L. Durham, Andrew P. Abbott, Dana Thompson, Nigel D. Browning, B. Layla Mehdi, Mounib Bahri, Felipe Schanider-Tontini, D. Nicholls, Christin Stallmeister, Bernd Friedrich, Marcus Sommerfeld, Laura L. Driscoll, Abbey Jarvis, Emily C. Giles, Peter R. Slater, Virginia Echavarri-Bravo, Giovanni Maddalena, Louise E. Horsfall, Linda Gaines, Qiang Dai, Shiva J. Jethwa, Albert L. Lipson, Gary A. Leeke, Thomas Cowell, Joseph Gresle Farthing, Greta Mariani, Amy Smith, Zubera Iqbal, Rabeeh Golmohammadzadeh, Luke Sweeney, Vannessa Goodship, Zheng Li, Jacqueline Edge, Laura Lander, Viet Tien Nguyen, Robert J. R. Elliot, Oliver Heidrich, Margaret Slattery, Daniel Reed, Jyoti Ahuja, Aleksandra Cavoski, Robert Lee, Elizabeth Driscoll, Jen Baker, Peter Littlewood, Iain Styles, Sampriti Mahanty, Frank Boons
Summary: This roadmap presents the market dynamics and their influence on a future circular economy for lithium-ion batteries (LIB), with a focus on safety throughout the life cycle. Various options for end-of-life (EOL) disposal, such as remanufacturing, reuse, and recycling, are discussed. Diagnostics play a crucial role in assessing battery health and condition, and improvements to diagnostic techniques are evaluated. The future of LIB recycling lies in automated dismantling of EOL battery packs and the development of design for recycling and new cell design approaches.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Idrees B. Qader, Mickael Laguerre, Alexis Lavaud, Mathieu Tenon, Kamalesh Prasad, Andrew P. Abbott
Summary: Extraction of active compounds from natural materials faces challenges of large solvent volumes, greenhouse gas emission, and energy requirements. This study presents a novel approach of forming deep eutectic mixtures through mechanical action on a solid-state mixture containing a quaternary ammonium salt and a biological material. The eutectic mixtures formed can selectively extract active compounds from natural products, which are then purified using liquid/liquid extraction. The resulting natural extracts exhibit high antioxidant activities.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Guillaume Zante, Christopher E. Elgar, Katherine George, Andrew P. Abbott, Jennifer M. Hartley
Summary: The study explores the properties of concentrated ionic fluids and distinguishes them from concentrated aqueous brines. It demonstrates a continuous relationship between molar conductivity and fluidity, regardless of cation, charge density, or ionic radius. The diffusion coefficients of specific metal chlorides in various ionic fluids show a linear correlation with fluidity. By adjusting chloride and water activity, selective etching of mixed metal waste streams can be achieved.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anthony J. Lucio, Iwan Sumarlan, Elena Bulmer, Igor Efimov, Stephen Viles, A. Robert Hillman, Christopher J. Zaleski, Karl S. Ryder
Summary: In this study, a chloroaluminate electrolyte was made by reacting AlCl3 with Acet-Cl salt to obtain a more performant liquid electrolyte. A novel method for extracting ionic conductivity was established and compared to conventional methods. The electrolytes made with Acet-Cl showed significant improvement (5-10x higher) compared to those made with similar Lewis base salts. This study is an important step towards designing cost-effective and performant liquid electrolytes for Al-ion battery applications.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Iwan Sumarlan, Anand Kunverji, Anthony J. Lucio, A. Robert Hillman, Karl S. Ryder
Summary: Aluminum-based batteries offer a promising alternative to lithium-ion batteries due to their low cost and environmental friendliness. This study explores alternative electrolytes for aluminum batteries, specifically guanidine hydrochloride and acetamidine hydrochloride, which demonstrate superior performance and cost-effectiveness compared to urea-based electrolytes.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)