Article
Optics
Eiji Hase, Yu Tokizane, Masatomo Yamagiwa, Takeo Minamikawa, Hirotsugu Yamamoto, Isao Morohashi, Takeshi Yasui
Summary: The proposed method of using a line-by-line spectral-shaped electro-optics-modulator-based optical frequency comb (EOM-OFC) as a light source allows for rapid image acquisition by extracting a single narrow-linewidth OFC mode for surface topography measurement, achieving millimeter-order axial range and micrometer-order axial resolution.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xingyuan Tong, Jinwu Wu, Dong Chen
Summary: This paper presents a four-phase delay-locked loop (DLL) with low phase error, low power consumption, and small area for time-to-digital conversion application. A highly matched single-ended differential single-ended voltage-controlled delay line is proposed to improve the phase uniformity of the multiple output signals. Additionally, a digital auxiliary duty-cycle corrector is designed to adjust the width of the output signal and reduce the pulse width error.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Eiji Hase, Yu Tokizane, Kazuki Sadahiro, Takeo Minamikawa, Isao Morohashi, Takeshi Yasui
Summary: Digital holography (DH) is a powerful tool for high-precision surface profilometry of objects. This article describes the use of full-cascade-linked synthetic-wavelength DH for nanometer-precision surface metrology of millimeter-sized stepped objects. By sequentially extracting 300 modes of optical frequency comb (OFC) with different wavelengths, a wide-range cascade link is generated, allowing for the determination of sub-millimeter and millimeter step differences with high axial accuracy.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Renato Felix-Bautista, Laura Ghesquiere-Dierickx, Lukas Marek, Carlos Granja, Pavel Soukup, Daniel Turecek, Laurent Kelleter, Stephan Brons, Malte Ellerbrock, Oliver Jaekel, Tim Gehrke, Maria Martisikova
Summary: Ion beam radiotherapy offers better dose conformity to the tumor volume but is more sensitive to uncertainties. Carbon-ion beam radiotherapy, using synchrotrons, requires a larger extrapolation of the beam positions compared to proton therapy, making lateral beam position control more sensitive to uncertainties. Independent monitoring of lateral positions at isocenter is valuable but techniques for doing so are limited.
Article
Physics, Applied
Kouichi Hirata, Keisuke Yamada, Atsuya Chiba, Yoshimi Hirano, Yuichi Saitoh
Summary: Energetic C-60 ions with energies of the order of MeV are effective for highly sensitive secondary ion (SI) mass spectrometry, providing abundant SIs for the identification of target materials. This study investigated the impact angle dependence of SI mass spectra for MeV C-60 ions, revealing that shallower angle impacts can yield surface-sensitive information through intense emission of surface-derived SIs.
APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS
(2022)
Review
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jean-Nicolas Audinot, Patrick Philipp, Olivier De Castro, Antje Biesemeier, Quang Hung Hoang, Tom Wirtz
Summary: This paper reviews the combination of Helium Ion Microscopy (HIM) and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS), highlighting the advantages of the integrated HIM-SIMS instrument. The technique is capable of producing high-resolution elemental SIMS maps, while maintaining sub-nanometric resolution in the secondary electron microscopy mode. Applications in materials research, life sciences, and geology are also presented and summarized.
REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vasilii S. Kolmogorov, Alexander S. Erofeev, Emily Woodcock, Yuri M. Efremov, Aleksei P. Iakovlev, Nikita A. Savin, Anna V. Alova, Svetlana V. Lavrushkina, Igor I. Kireev, Alexandra O. Prelovskaya, Elena V. Sviderskaya, Denis Scaini, Natalia L. Klyachko, Peter S. Timashev, Yasufumi Takahashi, Sergey V. Salikhov, Yuri N. Parkhomenko, Alexander G. Majouga, Christopher R. W. Edwards, Pavel Novak, Yuri E. Korchev, Petr V. Gorelkin
Summary: A high-resolution estimation method for mechanical properties and the possibility of qualitative and quantitative analysis of living cells have been demonstrated in this study. Forces applied using a nanopipette are much smaller than those using atomic force microscopy, with no detectable effect on live cells.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Qiuyuan Zhong, Anan Li, Rui Jin, Dejie Zhang, Xiangning Li, Xueyan Jia, Zhangheng Ding, Pan Luo, Can Zhou, Chenyu Jiang, Zhao Feng, Zhihong Zhang, Hui Gong, Jing Yuan, Qingming Luo
Summary: The development of LiMo technique and HD-fMOST method allows for high-throughput imaging of thick tissues and substantial improvement in neuronal morphology reconstruction. By achieving >30-fold lossless data compression at a voxel resolution of 0.32 x 0.32 x 1.00 mu m(3), real-time high-precision (95% accuracy) brain-wide 3D cell counting is made possible.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yuji Nashimoto, Minori Abe, Ryota Fujii, Noriko Taira, Hiroki Ida, Yasufumi Takahashi, Kosuke Ino, Javier Ramon-Azcon, Hitoshi Shiku
Summary: This study evaluates the role of scanning probe microscopy (SPM) as an analytical tool for microphysiological systems (MPS), providing a new solution for real-time high spatial resolution imaging. A simple vascular model was used for permeability and topographical analysis, paving the way for the application of SPM technology in MPS.
ADVANCED HEALTHCARE MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
P. Raecke, J. Meijer, D. Spemann
Summary: The response of a dedicated image charge detector to small ion bunches was studied. The segmentation of the detector and cryogenic cooling were found to significantly enhance the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and detection sensitivity. Important experimental results for the realization of single ion detection were presented.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ze Zhang, Joel Martis, Xintong Xu, Hao-Kun Li, Chenlu Xie, Brad Takasuka, Jonghoon Lee, Ajit K. Roy, Arun Majumdar
Summary: Photoabsorption microscopy using electron analysis achieves high-resolution spectrally specific photoabsorption imaging, offering a general approach for nanometer-scale optical spectroscopic imaging and material characterization.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xianjue Chen, Karin Ching, Aditya Rawal, Douglas J. Lawes, Mohammad Tajik, William A. Donald, Chuan Zhao, Sun Hwa Lee, Rodney S. Ruoff
Summary: A novel intercalated film has been developed through ion exchange, showing excellent stability in water and organic solvents, and demonstrating significantly faster water vapor and liquid water permeation rates compared to graphene oxide membranes.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Luc Jacobs, Cedric Barroo
Summary: The study utilized field emission techniques to image the crystallinity of dark chocolate at the nanoscale and demonstrated the possibility of studying complex organic molecules and their properties down to the nanoscale. This highlights the potential for further research in understanding the structure and properties of complex food systems like chocolate.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Seung T. Lee, Woo Y. Yoon
Summary: By using a Li-powder anode instead of a Li-foil anode, the capacity of Li-graphite and Li-O-2 cells can be increased, with Li-O-2 cells showing an enhancement of approximately 20%. The Li powder led to an increase in the exchange current density, enhancing the Li-ion concentration gradient at the cathode surface, which in turn increased the cell capacity.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Mahdi Khadem, Vladimir E. Pukha, Oleksiy Penkov, Igor I. Khodos, Andrei A. Belmesov, Grigory Nechaev, Evgeniy N. Kabachkov, Platon A. Karaseov, Dae-Eun Kim
Summary: Carbon nanocomposite coatings (CNCs), fabricated by accelerated C-60 ions at high temperatures, showed reduced coefficient of friction (COF) and surface wear, with graphite nanocrystals enclosed in a diamond-like matrix. The wear mechanism shifted from abrasive wear to burnishing smoothening due to the transfer of graphite nanocrystals acting as a solid lubricant.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Isabeau Vermeulen, Emre M. Isin, Patrick Barton, Berta Cillero-Pastor, Ron M. A. Heeren
Summary: In addition to individual imaging techniques, the combination and integration of several imaging techniques, known as multi-modal imaging, play a crucial role in drug discovery and development. They provide valuable information for understanding disease mechanisms, identifying new pharmacological targets, and evaluating potential drug candidates and treatment response.
DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Reuben S. E. Young, Andrew P. Bowman, Kaylyn D. Tousignant, Berwyck L. J. Poad, Jennifer H. Gunter, Lisa K. Philp, Colleen C. Nelson, Shane R. Ellis, Ron M. A. Heeren, Martin C. Sadowski, Stephen J. Blanksby
Summary: The demands of cellular energy and biomass in cancer cells affect the metabolic fate of extracellular fatty acids (FAs) and de novo synthesized FAs. This study reveals that FAs from different sources have distinct metabolic fates, which can induce structural changes in cellular lipids and alter signaling behaviors. These findings provide new insights into the complex dynamics of FA metabolism in cancer.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Anjusha Mathew, Gert B. Eijkel, Ian G. M. Anthony, Shane R. Ellis, Ron M. A. Heeren
Summary: This study used a Timepix detector to investigate the effect of MCP performance on MMA ions generated by nMS, analyzing the dependency of MCP response on various factors and extending the mass and ion characteristics range, resulting in a MCP performance equation based on ion properties.
JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rald V. M. Groven, Sylvia P. Nauta, Jane Gruisen, Britt S. R. Claes, Johannes Greven, Martijn van Griensven, Martijn Poeze, Ron M. A. Heeren, Tiffany Porta Siegel, Berta Cillero-Pastor, Taco J. Blokhuis
Summary: This study developed a protocol for lipid analysis in fracture hematoma using MALDI-MSI, revealing time-dependent lipid patterns within the fracture hematoma which may serve as a future diagnostic tool. Further research is warranted to explore the clinical implications of this lipid analysis in fracture treatment.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Britt S. R. Claes, Kasper K. Krestensen, Gargey Yagnik, Andrej Grgic, Christel Kuik, Mark J. Lim, Kenneth J. Rothschild, Michiel Vandenbosch, Ron M. A. Heeren
Summary: A novel technology called MALDIIHC was published, which combined MALDI-MSI and IHC to achieve targeted imaging of biomolecules in tissue. The utility of targeted MALDIIHC and its complementarity with untargeted on-tissue proteomics was explored using breast cancer tissue. MALDI-2 was also investigated and demonstrated to improve MALDI-IHC. The combination of multiplexed MALDI-IHC with image-guided proteomics showed great potential in studying diseases.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yoan Monneau, Cyrielle Arrault, Coraline Duroux, Marie Martin, Fabien Chirot, Luke Mac Aleese, Marion Girod, Clothilde Comby-Zerbino, Agnes Hagege, Olivier Walker, Maggy Hologne
Summary: Silver has been used as an antimicrobial agent, but some Gram-negative bacteria have developed resistance, leading to deaths in burn units. The protein SilE plays a crucial role in bacterial silver resistance. Through various techniques, it has been found that SilE consists of four helical segments and has four strong silver binding sites. These findings enhance our understanding of the mechanism of SilE in the silver efflux pump complex and aid in the development of inhibitors to combat bacterial silver resistance.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Kasper Krijnen, Joel D. Keelor, Sebastian Boehm, Shane R. Ellis, Claus Koester, Jens Hoehndorf, Ron M. A. Heeren, Ian G. M. Anthony
Summary: Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) is a surface analysis technique used for biological research, and multimodal imaging combining multiple imaging modes can provide a more comprehensive view of samples. In this study, a prototype Bruker timsTOF fleX instrument was modified to include secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) and secondary electron (SE) imaging capabilities while preserving matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) capability. The modified instrument showed improved efficiency in multimodal imaging, allowing for easy registration of images and eliminating the need for sample transfer.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrej Grgic, Kasper K. Krestensen, Ron M. A. Heeren
Summary: Glycans play diverse roles in biology, and variations in N-glycosylation state within tissues have clinical diagnostic value. A protocol for MALDI MSI of N-glycans from fresh frozen tissue was developed, matching the current standard of FFPE analysis. This protocol significantly improves signal intensity and spatial resolution, enhancing the clinical application of MALDI MSI for N-glycan analysis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Romain Ladouce, Luke MacAleese, Karlo Wittine, Mladen Mercep, Marion Girod
Summary: In this study, an innovative method based on a reactive carbonyl probe with a laser-sensitive chromophore was proposed for studying protein carbonylation sites. The method allows for the localization of individual carbonylation sites by observing fragments of derivatized oxidized peptides. The application of this method in complex protein extracts was demonstrated.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Britt S. R. Claes, Andrew P. Bowman, Berwyck L. J. Poad, Ron M. A. Heeren, Stephen J. Blanksby, Shane R. Ellis
Summary: The biological functions of lipids highly depend on their molecular structures, specifically even small changes in structure such as different positions of unsaturation serve as critical indicators for changes in metabolism. However, conventional mass spectrometry imaging faces challenges in differentiating lipid isomers with mixture and structural complexity. Recent advances in ozone-induced dissociation coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization have shown potential in mapping individual double-bond isomers and visualizing lipid desaturation in adjacent tissue types. This study employs a high-speed gas-phase reaction between ionized lipids and ozone to interrogate anionic glycerophospholipids isomers in biological tissues, providing valuable information on unsaturation and acyl chain composition from a single mass spectrum.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Lidia Molina-Millan, Aljoscha Koerber, Bryn Flinders, Berta Cillero-Pastor, Eva Cuypers, Ron M. A. Heeren
Summary: Synthetic polymers, when improperly disposed of, accumulate in the environment and pose potential health risks by degrading into micro- and nanoparticles (MNPs). Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI) can be used to study biological or toxicological changes in organisms exposed to MNPs. MALDI-2 has been found to enhance the sensitivity of polymer analysis, making it a promising tool for studying the distribution of polymers in biological systems.
Article
Microbiology
Alison J. Scott, Alexis A. Smith, Ron M. A. Heeren, Utpal Pal, Robert K. Ernst
Summary: Spatially aware de novo discovery methods play a crucial role in identifying therapeutic targets in complex interphylum interactions. This study evaluated the potential of matrix-assisted desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) as a spatial omics method to simultaneously profile an arthropod vector and a mammalian skin in a bite model. The results demonstrated the feasibility of using MSI to analyze lipids and observe lipid reorganization at the bite site in both the tick and mammalian skin.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Britt S. R. Claes, Kasper K. Krestensen, Gargey Yagnik, Andrej Grgic, Christel Kuik, Mark J. Lim, Kenneth J. Rothschild, Michiel Vandenbosch, Ron M. A. Heeren
Summary: A novel technique called MALDIIHC was published recently, which combines MALDI-MSI and IHC to achieve targeted imaging of biomolecules in tissue. This study explored the utility of targeted MALDIIHC and its complementarity with untargeted spatial proteomics using breast cancer tissue. The combination of multiplexed MALDI-IHC with image-guided proteomics showed great potential for disease investigation. Additionally, the effect of MALDI-2 in improving MALDI-IHC was investigated.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Mudita Vats, Berta Cillero-Pastor, Bryn Flinders, Eva Cuypers, Ron M. A. Heeren
Summary: This study utilized MALDI-MSI to determine the spatial distribution of flavor compounds in edible button mushrooms and optimized the sample preparation protocol and investigated the effect of heat on the distribution.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Kasper K. Krestensen, Ron M. A. Heeren, Benjamin Balluff
Summary: Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has evolved from a niche technique to a widely used spatial biology tool. This review provides an overview of state-of-the-art MSI applications in both established and emerging biomedical fields, serving as a reference framework for new researchers in the field.