Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
HanGoo Kang, Jinwon Seo, Eun-Jeong Yang, In-Hong Choi
Summary: Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used for their antimicrobial properties, but they can also be harmful to both microorganisms and humans. Research has shown that 5 nm AgNPs can induce the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), while 100 nm AgNPs cannot. The mechanism of AgNP-induced NETs involves reactive oxygen species (ROS), peptidyl arginine deiminase, and neutrophil elastase.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Yong Zeng, Taiping Wang, Yong Liu, Ting Luo, Qing Li, Yu He, Miao Fang, Rui He
Summary: This study revealed the interplay of the Wnt-Smad pathway in AS fibroblasts. The inhibitions of Wnt and Smad using DKK-1 and SIS3, respectively, showed synergistic effects on the regulation of Wnt and Smad pathways as well as on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of AS fibroblasts.
Article
Microbiology
Eleonora A. Starikova, Jennet T. Mammedova, Arina Ozhiganova, Tatiana A. Leveshko, Aleksandra M. Lebedeva, Alexey V. Sokolov, Dmitry V. Isakov, Alena B. Karaseva, Larissa A. Burova, Igor V. Kudryavtsev
Summary: In this study, the impact and mechanism of streptococcal arginine deiminase (ADI) on the function of human peripheral blood T lymphocytes were investigated. The results showed that ADI decreased arginine concentration, suppressed immune cell activity and altered cell differentiation state, as well as inhibited autophagy processes.
Article
Immunology
Baihong Pan, Yaozhen Li, Yu Liu, Wei Wang, Gengwen Huang, Yang Ouyang
Summary: The study revealed that CitH3 concentration significantly increased in septic acute pancreatitis patients, and was closely correlated with disease severity and clinical outcomes. CitH3 may potentially serve as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for septic AP.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sunho Uhm, Yoon Ah Cho, Ji-Young Choe, Ji Won Park, Min-Jeong Kim, Won-Ho Han, Junyong Lee, Jung Woo Lee, Dong Woo Shin, Jae Seung Soh, Hyun Lim, Ho Suk Kang, Sung-Hoon Moon, Sung-Eun Kim
Summary: This study investigated the impact of PAD2 expression on recurrence and survival in HCC patients who underwent hepatic resection. The results showed a close association between PAD2 expression and the recurrence and survival rates of HCC patients.
Article
Rheumatology
Xinzhe Feng, Chen Wang, Boyao Ji, Junjie Qiao, Yihong Xu, Shanbang Zhu, Zhou Ji, Bole Zhou, Wenwen Tong, Weidong Xu
Summary: This study used single-cell RNA sequencing to reveal the dynamics of cell subpopulations, gene expression, and intercellular interactions during the pathogenesis of ankylosing spondylitis, providing new insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms of osteogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Yong Zeng, Rui He, Yong Liu, Ting Luo, Qing Li, Yu He, Miao Fang, Taiping Wang
Summary: HDAC1 promotes the proliferation, inflammatory response and osteogenic differentiation of AS fibroblasts through the Wnt-Smad pathway.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Yoke Chan Chow, Hok Chai Yam, Baskaran Gunasekaran, Weng Yeen Lai, Weng Yue Wo, Tarun Agarwal, Yien Yien Ong, Siew Lee Cheong, Sheri-Ann Tan
Summary: Porphyromonas gingivalis, a major pathogenic bacterium involved in periodontitis, utilizes gingipain R and bacterial peptidyl arginine deiminase to citrullinate host proteins, leading to the development of non-communicable diseases. Inhibiting these enzymes can provide new therapeutic solutions for periodontitis and diseases involving bacterial citrullination.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Dibya Sundar Padhy, Partha Palit, Abu Md Ashif Ikbal, Nirupam Das, Dilip Kumar Roy, Sugato Banerjee
Summary: Peptidyl arginine deiminases (PADs) are enzymes that irreversibly citrullinate arginine residues of protein in the presence of calcium ions. Increased PAD expression has been linked to various inflammatory diseases. Factors such as intracellular calcium levels, oxidative stress, and proinflammatory cytokines contribute to the elevation of PAD enzyme expression. PAD inhibitors derived from natural or synthetic sources show promise as a novel therapeutic approach for inflammatory disorders. This review discusses the pathological role of PAD in inflammatory diseases, factors triggering PAD expression, epigenetic regulation, and the therapeutic potential of PAD inhibitors.
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Dongwei Zhu, Wei Song, Zehui Jiang, Haopeng Zhou, Shengjun Wang
Summary: Citrullination is a reaction that converts arginine residues in protein peptide chains to citrulline residues. It plays a regulatory role in various physiological processes and is also implicated in the development of autoimmune diseases.
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junaid Ansari, Shantel A. Vital, Shreya Yadav, Felicity N. E. Gavins
Summary: This study aims to investigate the role of NADPH oxidase (NOX) and Peptidyl Arginine Deiminase 4 (PAD4) in neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) production and cerebral microvascular thrombosis. The results show that targeting PAD4 and NOX can inhibit NET production in neutrophils and prolong blood flow cessation in cerebral microvessels. These findings provide a viable pre-clinical model for the prevention and management of thromboinflammatory complications such as ischemic stroke.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Satoru Shindo, Roodelyne Pierrelus, Atsushi Ikeda, Shin Nakamura, Alireza Heidari, Maria Rita Pastore, Elizabeth Leon, Sunniva Ruiz, Harsh Chheda, Rhea Khatiwala, Tomoki Kumagai, George Tolson, Islam Elderbashy, Kazuhisa Ouhara, Xiaozhe Han, Maria Hernandez, Saynur Vardar-Sengul, Hideki Shiba, Toshihisa Kawai
Summary: It has been shown that autoantibodies to citrullinated vimentin can promote osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption in periodontitis patients. However, an experiment in vitro demonstrated that an anti-CV antibody can suppress bone resorption in periodontitis. Therefore, the release of CV may play a role in promoting bone resorption in the pathogenesis of periodontitis.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jiaxiao Li, Zexin Chen, Hongbo Liao, Yanting Zhong, Junying Hua, Miaoling Su, Jiahao Li, Jinrong Xu, Liao Cui, Yang Cui
Summary: Danshensu exerted an anti-osteogenic effect in an in vitro model of AS by suppressing the JNK and ERK signaling pathways, highlighting its therapeutic potential for the treatment of AS.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Marie F. Hemon, Nathalie C. Lambert, Fanny Arnoux, Jean Roudier, Isabelle Auger
Summary: The critical immunological event in rheumatoid arthritis is the production of antibodies to citrullinated proteins. A peptide array method was used to analyze the fine specificity of anti-citrullinated peptide antibodies and the results showed that different mouse strains have different IgG responses to citrullinated peptides.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Maria Teresa Martin Monreal, Alexandra Stripp Rebak, Laura Massarenti, Santanu Mondal, Ladislav Senolt, Niels Odum, Michael L. Nielsen, Paul R. Thompson, Claus H. Nielsen, Dres Damgaard
Summary: Citrullination plays a role in breaking self-tolerance in anti-CCP-positive rheumatoid arthritis, with PAD2 and PAD4 being key pathogenic factors. Inhibitors like AFM-30a and GSK199 show potential in inhibiting citrullination, with AFM-30a being an efficient inhibitor of PAD2 and a combination of AFM-30a and GSK199 showing promise in inhibiting PAD activity without cytotoxic effects seen in BB-Cl-amidine.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)