Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sarah Gribbin, Joanne Enticott, Allison M. Hodge, Lisa Moran, Eleanor Thong, Anju Joham, Sarah Zaman
Summary: Moderate carbohydrate intake (41.0%-44.3% of TEI) was associated with the lowest risk of CVD in middle-aged Australian women, without affecting total mortality. Increasing saturated fat intake was not associated with CVD or mortality, but instead correlated with decreased rates of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Reimara Valk, James Hammill, Jonas Grip
Summary: Recent scientific evidence suggests that the consumption of saturated fat (SFA) is not significantly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, events, or mortality. There is currently no scientific basis to demonize SFA as a cause of CVD. Naturally occurring SFA in nutrient-dense foods can be safely included in the diet.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Federica Laguzzi, Buamina Maitusong, Rona J. Strawbridge, Damiano Baldassarre, Fabrizio Veglia, Steve E. Humphries, Rainer Rauramaa, Sudhir Kurl, Andries J. Smit, Philippe Giral, Angela Silveira, Elena Tremoli, Anders Hamsten, Ulf de Faire, Bruna Gigante, Karin Leander
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between intake of saturated fats and subclinical atherosclerosis, as well as the potential influence of genetic variants. Results showed an association between high intake of saturated fats and C-IMT thickness, but this association was no longer significant in multivariate analysis. There was no clear association between high intake of saturated fats and risk of atherosclerotic progression. Additionally, no significant genetic-dietary fat interactions were identified in relation to risk of subclinical atherosclerosis.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lee B. Bockus, Mary L. Biggs, Heidi T. M. Lai, Marcia C. de Olivera Otto, Amanda M. Fretts, Barbara McKnight, Nona Sotoodehnia, Irena B. King, Xiaoling Song, David S. Siscovick, Dariush Mozaffarian, Rozenn N. Lemaitre
Summary: The study examined the association between circulating levels of very long-chain saturated fatty acids and unhealthy aging events. Higher levels of behenic acid and lignoceric acid were associated with lower risk of unhealthy aging events, indicating the potential benefits of exploring circulating VLSFAs for promoting healthy aging.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Arne Astrup, Nina Teicholz, Faidon Magkos, Dennis M. Bier, J. Thomas Brenna, Janet C. King, Andrew Mente, Jose M. Ordovas, Jeff S. Volek, Salim Yusuf, Ronald M. Krauss
Summary: Research in the past decade has shown a lack of rigorous evidence to support continued recommendations to limit saturated fats or replace them with polyunsaturated fats. However, recent U.S. Dietary Guidelines still recommend limiting saturated fats to 10% of total energy intake without considering the findings of these studies. This recommendation also overlooks the important effects of the food matrix and overall dietary pattern when consuming saturated fatty acids.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sunniva Larsen, Kirsten B. Holven, Jacob J. Christensen, Arnar Flatberg, Amanda Rundblad, Lena Leder, Rune Blomhoff, Vibeke Telle-Hansen, Marjukka Kolehmainen, Carsten Carlberg, Mari C. Myhrstad, Magne Thoresen, Stine M. Ulven
Summary: This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanisms of replacing dietary SFA with PUFA on CVD risk using a whole transcriptome approach. It found that an 8-week intervention modulated PBMC gene expression and pathways related to CVD risk.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Thunnicha Ondee, Krit Pongpirul, Peerapat Visitchanakun, Wilasinee Saisorn, Suthicha Kanacharoen, Lampet Wongsaroj, Chitrasak Kullapanich, Natharin Ngamwongsatit, Sarn Settachaimongkon, Naraporn Somboonna, Asada Leelahavanichkul
Summary: The probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus 5 (LA5) can attenuate obesity by reducing weight, improving liver function, and balancing the gut microbiota, ultimately leading to a decrease in chronic inflammatory state.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Fleur Lodewijks, Timothy A. McKinsey, Emma L. Robinson
Summary: According to the latest statistics from the World Health Organization, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. The prevalence of major risk factors such as diabetes mellitus and obesity is expected to worsen the burden of CVD in the future. Although obesity is a significant risk factor for CVD, the specific molecular communication between peripheral fat deposits and the heart is still poorly understood. Adipose tissue (AT) is an important endocrine organ that secretes hormones, cytokines, and non-coding RNAs to influence the phenotype of multiple organs, including the heart. This review focuses on the molecular crosstalk between AT and the heart, including endocrine and paracrine signaling, immune cells, inflammatory cytokines, and inter-organ communication through non-coding RNAs.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
S. M. Touhidul Islam, Arun P. Palanisamy, Gabriel R. Chedister, Michael G. Schmidt, David N. B. Lewin, Kenneth D. Chavin
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the role of saturated or unsaturated high fat diet-mediated steatosis on liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy. The results showed that a diet rich in saturated or unsaturated fat resulted in increased NAFLD scores, inflammatory cytokine expression, neutrophil infiltration, macrophage accumulation, apoptosis, and ALT and AST activities. However, the unsaturated fat diet caused lower inflammation and higher regeneration compared to the saturated fat diet.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jeremy Basset-Sagarminaga, Kay H. M. Roumans, Bas Havekes, Ronald P. Mensink, Harry P. F. Peters, Peter L. Zock, Renee de Mutsert, Jan Boren, Lucas Lindeboom, Patrick Schrauwen, Vera B. Schrauwen-Hinderling
Summary: The study found that reducing the dietary glycemic index and intake of saturated fatty acids, and replacing saturated fatty acids with polyunsaturated fat, can significantly decrease liver fat content and glycemic response.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Ruth C. R. Meex, Ellen E. Blaak
Summary: NAFLD, the most common liver disease, is associated with diet, fatty acid intake, and mitochondrial dysfunction. SFA plays a crucial role in the development and progression of NAFLD, leading to inflammation and liver damage.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Xiaoran Liu, Scott Harding, Todd C. Rideout
Summary: This review summarizes the effects of saturated fat (SFA) intake on individual metabolism and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. The individual response to SFA intake is influenced by factors such as age, sex, and adiposity status, while the metabolic effects of SFA intake are influenced by the specific types of SFAs and the food matrix. When examining the effects of SFA on CVD risk, comparison with other nutrients is important, and a better understanding of the factors mediating the effects of SFA on lipid metabolism and CVD risk can help provide more personalized dietary recommendations.
CURRENT ATHEROSCLEROSIS REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dong Han, Siyang Deng, Hang Wang, Feng Huang, Marie-Laure Fauconnier, Hong Li, Jian Zheng, Linchun Meng, Chunhui Zhang, Xia Li
Summary: The present study aimed to investigate the oxidative characteristics and flavor changes of saturated and unsaturated fat fractions from chicken fat induced by heating. The results showed that with the extension of heating time, more unsaturated fatty acids and flavor compounds were formed, with higher odor activity values. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis revealed that the samples could be divided into four clusters based on the degree of saturation. Correlation analysis between fatty acids and volatile compounds indicated significant associations between specific fatty acids and flavor compounds.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zhaoqing Li, Haoyuan Lei, Hong Jiang, Yahui Fan, Jia Shi, Chao Li, Fangyao Chen, Baibing Mi, Mao Ma, Jing Lin, Le Ma
Summary: Circulating saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are associated with the risk of cardiometabolic diseases. Higher levels of total SFAs and even-chain SFAs are associated with increased risk, while higher levels of odd-chain SFAs are associated with reduced risk.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Guo-Chong Chen, Rhonda Arthur, Victor Kamensky, Jin Choul Chai, Bing Yu, Aladdin H. Shadyab, Matthew Allison, Yangbo Sun, Nazmus Saquib, Robert A. Wild, Wei Bao, Andrew J. Dannenberg, Thomas E. Rohan, Robert C. Kaplan, Sylvia Wassertheil-Smoller, Qibin Qi
Summary: Among postmenopausal women in the United States, upper-body fat is positively associated with the risk of lower-extremity arterial disease (LEAD), while lower-body fat is inversely associated with the risk of LEAD.
