Review
Psychiatry
Helena Sofia Antao, Ema Sacadura-Leite, Narcisa Maria Bandarra, Maria Luisa Figueira
Summary: Many studies have investigated the relationship between the omega-3 index and mental illnesses, but there is no consensus on the risk stratification or target value. This review summarizes published data on this association and proposes the omega-3 index as a risk factor for major depression, postpartum depression, psychosis, and dementia.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Andrew Elagizi, Carl J. Lavie, Evan O'Keefe, Keri Marshall, James H. O'Keefe, Richard V. Milani
Summary: Interest in the potential cardiovascular benefits of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3) began in the 1940s, but there has been controversy due to conflicting results among studies and meta-analyses. Recent large, randomized trials showed discordant findings, with one using a higher dose of omega-3 showing a significant reduction in cardiovascular events. The conflicting results in clinical trials may be due to inadequate dosing of omega-3 and aggressive treatment with other effective therapies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alberto Maino, Saeed Sadeghian, Ilaria Mancini, Seyed Hesameddin Abbasi, Hamidreza Poorhosseini, Mohammad Ali R. Boroumand, Masoumeh Lotfi-Tokaldany, Arash Jalali, Maria Teresa Pagliari, Frits Rosendaal, Flora Peyvandi
Summary: Non-medical opium use is associated with an increased risk of coronary artery disease, especially in men and those with hyperlipidemia.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chayasin Mansanguan, Yaowapa Maneerat
Summary: This study suggests that the gene and protein expression levels of PPBP may be feasible biomarkers for assessing coronary heart disease risk in postmenopausal Thai women with hyperlipidemia, while DEFA1/DEFA3 and HNP-1-3 levels showed no significant differences.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Chayasin Mansanguan, Yaowapa Maneerat
Summary: The study suggests that gene and protein expression levels of PPBP, but not DEFA1/DEFA3, may be feasible biomarkers for assessing CHD risk in postmenopausal Thai women with hyperlipidemia.
PEERJ COMPUTER SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Hyun Jo, Minsu Kim, Hyeontae Cho, Bo-Keun Ha, Sungtaeg Kang, Jong Tae Song, Jeong-Dong Lee
Summary: This study identified a potential gene, Glyma.05g221500 (HD), on chromosome 5 of soybean that controls elevated ALA concentration. The gene, a homeodomain-like transcriptional regulator, may regulate the expression level of microsomal omega-3 fatty acid desaturase genes to reduce the omega-6/omega-3 ratio in seeds. The combination of mutant alleles HD and FAD2-1 was found to be sufficient to lower the omega-6/omega-3 ratio in populations where these genes were segregated.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ae-Wha Ha, Woo-Kyoung Kim, Sun-Hyo Kim
Summary: This study examines the relationship between cow's milk intake and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in postmenopausal women. The findings suggest that postmenopausal women who consume cow's milk frequently have a better nutritional status, higher HDL levels, and a lower level of CHD risk indicators, contributing to decreased CHD risk.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aniruddh P. Patel, Minxian Wang, Yunfeng Ruan, Satoshi Koyama, Shoa L. Clarke, Xiong Yang, Catherine Tcheandjieu, Saaket Agrawal, Akl C. Fahed, Patrick T. Ellinor, Philip Tsao, Yan Sun, Kelly Cho, Peter W. F. L. Wilson, Themistocles L. Assimes, David A. van Heel, Adam S. Butterworth, Krishna G. Aragam, Pradeep Natarajan, Amit V. Khera
Summary: A new polygenic risk score for coronary artery disease called GPS(Mult) has been developed using data from individuals of five different ancestries, which has increased accuracy across diverse populations. The GPS(Mult) strongly associates with prevalent and incident CAD events, and outperforms previously published CAD polygenic scores in multiethnic validation datasets. These findings contribute to the field of polygenic risk prediction for CAD and provide a framework for integrating genetic association data from diverse populations.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Afrose Liaquat, Ameerdad Khan, Saeed Ullah Shah, Hania Iqbal, Safa Iqbal, Atif Iqbal Rana, Habib Ur Rahman
Summary: This study investigates the use of coronary artery calcium scoring (CACS) as a tool for coronary artery disease (CAD) risk stratification and its association with conventional cardiovascular risk factors. The results demonstrate a strong positive correlation between CACS and coronary artery stenosis, indicating the potential of CACS as a useful tool for CAD risk assessment.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Odong Christopher, Zhenyu Xiong, Yiquan Huang, Xiaodong Zhuang, Shaozhao Zhang, Menghui Liu, Yue Guo, Xinxue Liao
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between coronary heart disease risk scores and aortic valve stenosis. The results showed that CHD-RISK was associated with AS, and the risk of AS was higher in females, age >55 yrs, current smokers, and BMI > 30 kg/m2.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Yang Hu, Yanping Li, Laura Sampson, Molin Wang, E. JoAnn Manson, Eric Rimm, Qi Sun
Summary: Increased long-term intake of lignans was significantly associated with a lower risk of total CHD in both men and women. The inverse associations were more apparent among participants with higher total lignan intake, and lignan intake was more strongly associated with plasma concentrations of enterolactone when fiber intake was higher.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kriengchai Prasongsukarn, Wilanee Dechkhajorn, Surachet Benjathummarak, Yaowapa Maneerat
Summary: The study identified 55 differentially expressed genes between FH and FH-CHD groups, with 10 genes selected for further validation. These genes are involved in chronic inflammation and pathways related to the pathogenesis of coronary heart disease. The findings suggest that TRPM2, PDLIM5, BCL3, and GBA genes may have potential as predictive markers for FH-CHD development.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiang Liu, Duo Zhang, Xiaoling Wu, Jiazichao Tu, Caiping Gong, Yanmin Li, Wenhao Cui, Jimei Chen, Shaoyou Lu
Summary: The cardiovascular system is highly sensitive to toxic metal exposure and trace element dysregulation. This study found that patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) had higher concentrations of cadmium and lower concentrations of chromium, nickel, copper, and selenium in their urine. There were significant associations between urinary cadmium, selenium, nickel, and CHD risk. The study also identified a negative joint effect of metal mixtures on CHD, primarily attributed to selenium and nickel, while positive partial effect was mainly due to tin and cadmium.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tienan Sun, Meishi Ma, Xin Huang, Biyang Zhang, Zheng Chen, Zehao Zhao, Yujie Zhou
Summary: This study explored the association between poor nutritional status and prognosis in patients with ischemic heart failure (IHF) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The results showed that GNRI was associated with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), all-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), and any revascularization. This suggests that poor nutritional status is related to poor prognosis in IHF patients.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
ShiChun Shen, Chen Gong, KaiQin Jin, Lei Zhou, Yin Xiao, Likun Ma
Summary: Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation can reduce the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events, cardiovascular death, and myocardial infarction in patients with coronary heart disease. The dosage of 0.8-1.2g omega-3 fatty acids supplementation is more effective in alleviating the risk of coronary heart disease.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joel L. Ramirez, Greg J. Zahner, Kimberly A. Spaulding, Sukaynah A. Khetani, Nancy K. Hills, Warren J. Gasper, William S. Harris, Beth E. Cohen, S. Marlene Grenon
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
K. H. Jackson, J. M. Polreis, N. L. Tintle, P. M. Kris-Etherton, W. S. Harris
PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRIENES AND ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS
(2019)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
William S. Harris, David Leonard, Nina B. Radford, Carolyn E. Barlow, Morgan R. Steele, Stephen W. Farrell, Andjelka Pavlovic, Benjamin L. Willis, Laura F. DeFina
Summary: The study found that an increase in erythrocyte DHA levels was associated with a decrease in LDL-C levels, and initiating the use of fish oil supplements did not raise LDL-C levels.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arash Asher, Nathan L. Tintle, Michael Myers, Laura Lockshon, Heribert Bacareza, William S. Harris
Summary: Long-chain Omega-3 fatty acids may play a role in reducing morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 infection, with a pilot study showing an inverse association between Omega-3 Index levels and death risk. However, more well-powered studies are needed to confirm this potential relationship.
PROSTAGLANDINS LEUKOTRIENES AND ESSENTIAL FATTY ACIDS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Stephen W. Farrell, Laura F. DeFina, Nathan L. Tintle, David Leonard, Kenneth H. Cooper, Carolyn E. Barlow, William L. Haskell, Andjelka Pavlovic, William S. Harris
Summary: Both this study and a meta-analysis of similar studies found no evidence to suggest that consuming n-3 PUFA-rich fish or using fish oil supplements affects the risk of prostate cancer.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michael McBurney, Nathan L. Tintle, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Aleix Sala-Vila, William S. Harris
Summary: The study compared a combination of red blood cell FA levels with standard risk factors for CVD and found that red blood cell FA patterns were as predictive of risk for death during the next 11 years as standard risk factors. This suggests that the FA fingerprint may serve as a potential predictor of all-cause mortality.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
William S. Harris, Nathan L. Tintle, Linda Cornish, Jennifer Lin
Summary: Higher omega-3 fatty acid blood levels are associated with lower risk for cardiovascular disease and total mortality. This study compared the omega-3 index (O3I) levels of people living on the coast with those living inland, and found that coastal residents had higher O3I levels. This suggests a correlation between seafood intake and omega-3 fatty acid levels, and increasing seafood consumption may help attain optimal omega-3 status.
NUTRITION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aleix Sala-Vila, Claudia L. Satizabal, Nathan Tintle, Debora Melo van Lent, Ramachandran S. Vasan, Alexa S. Beiser, Sudha Seshadri, William S. Harris
Summary: This study found a correlation between levels of DHA in red blood cells and the risk of Alzheimer's disease, with higher levels of DHA associated with a lower risk. The effect of DHA was more significant in APOE-ε4 carriers. These results highlight the potential of consuming sufficient DHA in the diet to prevent or delay Alzheimer's disease.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jan Philipp Schuchardt, Nathan Tintle, Jason Westra, William S. Harris
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the Omega-3 Index (O3I) in the UK population and found that fish consumption, particularly oily fish, is an important determinant of the O3I. The study also identified several demographic and lifestyle factors that are correlated with the O3I.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
William S. Harris, Nathan L. Tintle, Swaminathan Perinkulam Sathyanarayanan, Jason Westra
Summary: This study aimed to compare the risk of 3 COVID-19 outcomes (testing positive for SARS-CoV-2, hospitalization, and death) based on baseline plasma DHA levels. The results suggest that increasing the levels of n-3 PUFA in the blood, such as consuming oily fish or using n-3 FA supplements, may reduce the risk of adverse COVID-19 outcomes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Correction
Veterinary Sciences
William S. Harris, Kristina H. Jackson, Heather Carlson, Nils Hoem, Tonje E. Dominguez, Lena Burri
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
William S. S. Harris, Kristina H. H. Jackson, Heather Carlson, Nils Hoem, Tonje E. E. Dominguez, Lena Burri
Summary: This study analyzed blood samples from dogs and cats and developed equations to estimate the Omega-3 Index (O3I) in these species. This provides convenience for further research to determine optimal blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids in dogs and cats, which can be used to gauge the amount of supplemental EPA and DHA each animal needs to achieve an optimal O3I.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Todd L. Schmitt, Caroline E. C. Goertz, Roderick C. Hobbs, Steve Osborn, Stacy DiRocco, Heidi Bissell, William S. Harris
Summary: This study compared the fatty acid levels in different samples from wild Alaskan belugas and oceanaria-based belugas. The results show significant differences in fatty acid patterns between the two groups, with the oceanaria-based belugas having higher levels of certain fatty acids.
OCEANS-SWITZERLAND
(2022)
Letter
Food Science & Technology
William S. Harris, Philip C. Calder, Dariush Mozaffarian, Charles N. Serhan
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olga V. Demler, Yanyan Liu, Heike Luttmann-Gibson, Jeramie D. Watrous, Kim A. Lagerborg, Hesam Dashti, Franco Giulianini, Mallory Heath, Carlos A. Camargo, William S. Harris, Jay G. Wohlgemuth, Allen M. Andres, Saumya Tivari, Tao Long, Mahan Najhawan, Khoi Dao, James G. Prentice, Julia A. Larsen, Olivia I. Okereke, Karen H. Costenbader, Julie E. Buring, JoAnn E. Manson, Susan Cheng, Mohit Jain, Samia Mora