Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juanita Gutierrez-Valencia, Marco Fracassetti, Robert Horvath, Benjamin Laenen, Aurelie Desamore, Andreas D. Drouzas, Magne Friberg, Filip Kolar, Tanja Slotte
Summary: The study found that intra-sexual competition shapes the evolution of pollen-expressed genes, with the intensity of sexual selection decreasing as self-fertilization rates increase.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qin-zheng Hou, Nasib Ur Rahman, Ahmad Ali, Yu-pei Wang, Sakhawat Shah, Ehmet Nurbiye, Wen-juan Shao, Muhammad Ilyas, Kun Sun, Rui Li, Fazal Said, Shah Fahad
Summary: This study indicates that plants living at the edge of their range boundary experience a decline in reproductive fitness when their habitat is artificially expanded, with reduced flowering duration, floral display, pollen numbers, and reproductive allocation, as well as decreased pollinator richness and activity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shristhi Nepal, Judith Trunschke, Zong-Xin Ren, Kevin S. Burgess, Hong Wang
Summary: The study examined the response of pollen number, ovule number, and pollen-ovule ratio (P/O) to other floral traits and elevation gradients in high-elevation environments. It was found that pollen number and P/O per flower increased marginally and significantly with increasing elevation. Ovule number per individual, flower number per individual, stigma stamen separation, and inflorescence height decreased significantly with increasing elevation. However, ovule number per flower and other floral traits did not change with elevation. The results suggest that these traits may be highly conserved and have limited response to changing environmental conditions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Lawrence D. Harder, Steven D. Johnson
Summary: The production of pollen and ovules varies with different mating systems in angiosperms. This study analyzed the associations between pollen-transfer efficiency, pollinator dependence, and differences in pollen and ovule numbers. The results showed that pollen number decreased with pollen-transfer efficiency, while ovule number did not significantly change.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Chao Tan, Mengxiao Liang, Qiong Luo, Tan Zhang, Wenhui Wang, Suxin Li, Shuzhen Men
Summary: We found that the auxin synthesis gene TAA1 and the auxin polar transport genes AUX1 and PIN3 collectively maintain fertility and seed size in Arabidopsis. These genes are expressed during gametophyte and seed development in Arabidopsis. Triple mutants of aux1, pin3, and taa1 exhibited severe reproductive defects with reduced silique elongation after anthesis. The development and morphology of the seeds were normal, but their size was smaller compared to the wild type.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ondrej Hornych, Weston L. Testo, Emily B. Sessa, James E. Jr Jr Watkins, Courtney E. Campany, Jarmila Pittermann, Libor Ekrt
Summary: Sex expression in homosporous ferns is controlled by multiple factors, with one being the antheridiogen system. The response to antheridiogens varies among species, with approximately 65% of the studied species showing a response. The evolution and impact of antheridiogens on polyploidy and apomixis remain topics for further research.
Article
Plant Sciences
Elena Severova, Yury Kopylov-Guskov, Yulia Selezneva, Vera Karaseva, Shrirang R. Yadav, Dmitry Sokoloff
Summary: Grasses produce large amounts of pollen, and the pollen production per inflorescence differs significantly between annual and perennial grasses. Perennials tend to have greater pollen production, which can be attributed to their tendency for cross-fertilization.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Ju Li, Yang Yu, Xiuying Liu, Xian Sheng Zhang, Ying Hua Su
Summary: The study identified the function of the MEE45 gene and its mechanism for regulating seed size, revealing specific ways to regulate seed size by controlling cell proliferation and auxin biosynthesis.
Article
Biology
Kathryn V. Walter, Daniel Conroy-Beam, David M. Buss, Kelly Asao, Agnieszka Sorokowska, Piotr Sorokowski, Toivo Aavik, Grace Akello, Mohammad Madallh Alhabahba, Charlotte Alm, Naumana Amjad, Afifa Anjum, Chiemezie S. Atama, Derya Atamturk Duyar, Richard Ayebare, Carlota Batres, Mons Bendixen, Aicha Bensafia, Boris Bizumic, Mahmoud Boussena, Marina Butovskaya, Seda Can, Katarzyna Cantarero, Antonin Carrier, Hakan Cetinkaya, Ilona Croy, Rosa Maria Cueto, Marcin Czub, Daria Dronova, Seda Dural, Izzet Duyar, Berna Ertugrul, Agustin Espinosa, Ignacio Estevan, Carla Sofia Esteves, Luxi Fang, Tomasz Frackowiak, Jorge Contreras Garduno, Karina Ugalde Gonzalez, Farida Guemaz, Petra Gyuris, Maria Halamova, Iskra Herak, Marina Horvat, Ivana Hromatko, Chin-Ming Hui, Jas Laile Jaafar, Feng Jiang, Konstantinos Kafetsios, Tina Kavcic, Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair, Nicolas Kervyn, Truong Thi Khanh Ha, Imran Ahmed Khilji, Nils C. Kobis, Hoang Moc Lan, Andras Lang, Georgina R. Lennard, Ernesto Leon, Torun Lindholm, Trinh Thi Linh, Giulia Lopez, Nguyen Van Luot, Alvaro Mailhos, Zoi Manesi, Rocio Martinez, Sarah L. McKerchar, Norbert Mesko, Girishwar Misra, Conal Monaghan, Emanuel C. Mora, Alba Moya-Garofano, Bojan Musil, Jean Carlos Natividade, Agnieszka Niemczyk, George Nizharadze, Elisabeth Oberzaucher, Anna Oleszkiewicz, Mohd Sofian Omar-Fauzee, Ike E. Onyishi, Baris Ozener, Ariela Francesca Pagani, Vilmante Pakalniskiene, Miriam Parise, Farid Pazhoohi, Annette Pisanski, Katarzyna Pisanski, Edna Ponciano, Camelia Popa, Pavol Prokop, Muhammad Rizwan, Mario Sainz, Svjetlana Salkicevic, Ruta Sargautyte, Ivan Sarmany-Schuller, Susanne Schmehl, Shivantika Sharad, Razi Sultan Siddiqui, Franco Simonetti, Stanislava Yordanova Stoyanova, Meri Tadinac, Marco Antonio Correa Varella, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Luis Diego Vega, Dwi Ajeng Widarini, Gyesook Yoo, Marta Marta Zat'kova, Maja Zupancic
Summary: The relationship between sex ratio and human mating behaviors and preferences has been explored, revealing that people tend to have more demanding preferences for attractiveness and resources in areas where the opposite sex is abundant.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Genetics & Heredity
Scott William Roy
Summary: Haldane's rule suggests that heterogametic sex performs poorly in interspecific hybrids due to the absence of one of the species' X/Z chromosomes, but this rule is still observed in mouse placentas with paternal X silencing. This could be attributed to the evolution of Y chromosomes promoting growth in the presence of maternal-paternal conflict, resulting in balanced sex investment arising from a complex intra- and intergenomic duel.
TRENDS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Ujjwal Layek, Nitol Krishna Baghira, Alokesh Das, Arijit Kundu, Prakash Karmakar
Summary: By conducting experiments on certain crops, we determined their dependence on biotic pollinators and evaluated their pollen transfer limitations in open field conditions. The results showed that crops in the Cucurbitaceae family are obligatorily dependent on pollinators, while crops in the Brassicaceae and Rutaceae families are highly reliant on pollinators. Some crops have a lower dependence on pollinators. This study is important for understanding and mitigating the impacts of pollinator losses, as well as selecting crops that require supplemental pollination services to increase agricultural production.
Article
Horticulture
Qingxian Wu, Leni Jin, Tangjie Nie, Sitong Liu, Zengfang Yin
Summary: Magnolia soulangeana 'Hongyun' is an ornamental tree with attractive shape and abundant flowers. Its breeding system is partially self-compatible, outcrossing, and depends on pollinators. 'Hongyun' presents a mass-flowering pattern with secondary opening and closing in the flowering process.
SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Alihan Katlav, Duong T. Nguyen, James M. Cook, Markus Riegler
Summary: In haplodiploid animals, females can face constraints in producing female offspring due to factors such as insemination failure or physiological limitations. Research on Pezothrips kellyanus revealed that constrained sex allocation occurs in small females producing smaller eggs, while large females producing larger eggs tend to have a female-biased sex ratio. This bimodal sex allocation pattern is correlated with maternal condition and may be related to an egg size-mediated fertilization mechanism in haplodiploids.
Article
Agronomy
Barbara Anna Kowalczyk, Monika Bieniasz, Anna Kostecka-Gugala
Summary: This study assessed the flowering biology and pollination efficiency of 11 hybrid grapevines grown in cold climates. The study analyzed the structure and yield of the flowers. With climate change, grapevine production is expanding to cool-climate countries.
Article
Ecology
Alejandro Gonzalez-Voyer, Gavin H. Thomas, Andras Liker, Oliver Kruger, Jan Komdeur, Tamas Szekely
Summary: Sex roles describe sex differences in courtship, mate competition, social pair-bonds and parental care. A key challenge is to identify associations among the components and the drivers of sex roles. We found that proxies of sex roles showed extensive variation and lability, indicating independent evolution among sex role components. Climate and life history weakly associated with sex roles, while adult sex ratio was associated with sexual dimorphism, mating system and parental care.