Review
Cell Biology
Katharina Rump, Michael Adamzik
Summary: Cognitive impairment after surgery is a common problem, mainly affecting the elderly. Anesthetics can have long-term effects on protein transcription and may impact cognitive function through epigenetic mechanisms. Anesthesia leads to increased neuroinflammation and decreased neuronal growth, which can cause cognitive impairment.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xingrui He, Zi Hui, Li Xu, Renren Bai, Yuan Gao, Zongcheng Wang, Tian Xie, Xiang-Yang Ye
Summary: Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important enzymes involved in the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues, and have shown potential therapeutic applications in cancer and various diseases. There are currently numerous HDAC inhibitors under clinical investigation, aiming to provide up-to-date information for drug discovery programs.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mohamed Abdelsalam, Mariia Zmyslia, Karin Schmidtkunz, Anita Vecchio, Sebastian Hilscher, Hany S. Ibrahim, Mike Schutkowski, Manfred Jung, Claudia Jessen-Trefzer, Wolfgang Sippl
Summary: In this study, a series of prodrugs for class I histone deacetylases (HDACs) were designed and synthesized using known selective HDAC inhibitors. Compound 6 showed the most potent inhibitory activity against nitroreductase (NTR)-transfected leukemic cells.
ARCHIV DER PHARMAZIE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Olaia Martinez-Iglesias, Vinogran Naidoo, Ivan Carrera, Ramon Cacabelos
Summary: The study explores the role of epigenetics and other biomarkers in the development of AD. The findings suggest that the changes in sirtuin expression and activity, HDAC3 expression and activity, and other markers may be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. These findings provide new insights for the diagnosis and treatment of AD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tori Shock, Luis Badang, Bradley Ferguson, Kristina Martinez-Guryn
Summary: The mechanisms connecting microbe function to host health are not yet fully understood, with recent exploration focusing on microbe-mediated changes in the host epigenome. Consumption of specific dietary components impacts the composition and function of gut microbiota, which in turn regulates important epigenetic functions that influence host health. This complex interplay between diet, gut microbes, and host epigenetics plays a key role in promoting protection against disease development.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xiao Liu, Jingjing Huang, Yuan Jiang, Zhengyu Cao, Maoxiong Wu, Runlu Sun, Zhiteng Chen, Peng Yu, Jianyong Ma, Yangxin Chen, Yuling Zhang, Jingfeng Wang
Summary: This study investigated the inflammatory biomarker profiles of psychological treatment-naive individuals and found that levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were positively correlated with symptoms of depression, suggesting they may play a role in the pathogenesis of psychological disorders. However, these associations were not significant after multiple testing. Larger and longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aleksandra Vilotic, Mirjana Nacka-Aleksic, Andrea Pirkovic, Zanka Bojic-Trbojevic, Dragana Dekanski, Milica Jovanovic Krivokuca
Summary: This review summarizes the role of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) in healthy and pathological pregnancies. The authors provide an overview of the expression of these cytokines during pregnancy and discuss their involvement in pregnancy establishment, parturition, and various pathological conditions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lorenzo Nevi, Noora Pollanen, Fabio Penna, Giuseppina Caretti
Summary: Epigenetic changes are associated with muscle wasting in various pathological conditions, and targeting HDACs and BET proteins may be a promising strategy to reverse this process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Lang Pan, Spiros Vlahopoulos, Lloyd Tanner, Jesper Bergwik, Attila Bacsi, Zsolt Radak, Arne Egesten, Xueqing Ba, Allan R. Brasier, Istvan Boldogh
Summary: Recent research has revealed the non-random distribution of 8-oxoguanine induced by reactive oxygen species, suggesting its epigenetic effects. 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1), the repair protein for 8-oxoGua, has been found to participate in transcriptional initiation and transmit acute inflammatory signals in airway epithelial cells. The interactions between epithelial-mesenchymal and epithelial-immune contribute to the development of chronic pulmonary diseases through inflammatory remodeling.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Masashi Mizuno, Rei Nakano, Saki Nose, Moeka Matsumura, Yasuyuki Nii, Kentaro Kurogochi, Hiroshi Sugiya, Masami Uechi
Summary: In this study, it was found that interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) induces the expression of interleukin 8 (IL-8) in canine cardiac fibroblasts through the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B p65.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Anna J. Stevenson, Danni A. Gadd, Robert F. Hillary, Daniel L. McCartney, Archie Campbell, Rosie M. Walker, Kathryn L. Evans, Sarah E. Harris, Tara L. Spires-Jones, Allan F. McRae, Peter M. Visscher, Andrew M. McIntosh, Ian J. Deary, Riccardo E. Marioni
Summary: The study developed a DNAm-based predictor for IL-6 and successfully used it to predict IL-6 levels in an independent test cohort. Results indicated a negative association between the DNAm score and cognitive functioning, offering new insights into the relationship between inflammation and health outcomes.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Elisa Toppi, Laura Sireno, Micaela Lembo, Nerisa Banaj, Beatrice Messina, Sedigheh Golesorkhtafti, Gianfranco Spalletta, Paola Bossu
Summary: Homotaurine is a potential therapeutic compound for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and has anti-inflammatory properties. This study suggests that supplementation of homotaurine in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) increases the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-33, while decreasing the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-18. The elevation of IL-10 and IL-33 is associated with improved episodic memory in treated patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Haofei Liu, Qiwen Zhao, Leyong Tan, Xin Wu, Rui Huang, Yonglin Zuo, Longjuan Chen, Jigui Yang, Zuo-Xin Zhang, Wenchen Ruan, Jiayang Wu, Fei He, Yiliang Fang, Fangyuan Mao, Peipei Zhang, Xiaoning Zhang, Peidi Yin, Zexuan Yan, Wenwen Xu, Huimin Lu, Qingrui Li, Mei Liang, Yanjun Jia, Cong Chen, Senlin Xu, Yu Shi, Yi-Fang Ping, Guang-Jie Duan, Xiao-Hong Yao, Zhijian Han, Tao Pang, Youhong Cui, Xia Zhang, Bo Zhu, Chunjian Qi, Yan Wang, Sheng-Qing Lv, Xiu-Wu Bian, Xindong Liu
Summary: By examining the microenvironment in glioma, we find that tumor-infiltrating T cells are mainly located in the perivascular cuffs and express high levels of CCR5, CXCR3, and PD-1. Analysis of T cell clustering and TCR clone expansion reveals that potential tumor-killing T cells belong to pre-exhausted/exhausted and effector CD8+ T subsets, as well as cytotoxic CD4+ T subsets. In addition, a distinctive subpopulation of CD4+ T cells with innate-like features and preferential interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression is identified. We demonstrate that IL-8, along with myeloid and tumor cells, coordinates myeloid-derived suppressor cell infiltration and angiogenesis, leading to enhanced tumor growth but reduced efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade therapy. Blockade of IL-8 or its receptor CXCR1/2 unleashes the antitumor immunity mediated by anti-PD-1. Therefore, IL-8 is highlighted as a potential immunotherapy target for glioma.
Article
Immunology
Stephanie Shiau, Stephen M. Arpadi, Yanhan Shen, Anyelina Cantos, Christian Vivar Ramon, Jayesh Shah, Grace Jang, Jennifer J. Manly, Adam M. Brickman, Andrea A. Baccarelli, Michael T. Yin
Summary: The study observed accelerated aging using DNA methylation biomarkers in African American older individuals with HIV, revealing significant differences in biomarker measurements compared to the control group and associations between aging biomarkers and cognitive function.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Elettra Capogna, Leiv Otto Watne, Oystein Sorensen, Carlijn Jamila Guichelaar, Ane Victoria Idland, Nathalie Bodd Halaas, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg, Kristine Beate Walhovd, Anders Martin Fjell, Didac Vidal-Pineiro
Summary: Concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 increase with age and in Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is unclear whether these cytokine concentrations in the central nervous system can predict brain and cognitive changes over time, and whether this relationship is influenced by core AD biomarkers. This study followed 219 cognitively healthy older adults with baseline CSF measures of IL-6 and IL-8 for up to 9 years, and found that higher CSF IL-8 levels were associated with better memory performance over time, particularly when CSF p-tau and p-tau/Aβ-42 levels were lower. Higher CSF IL-6 levels were also related to less CSF p-tau changes over time. These findings support the hypothesis that upregulation of IL-6 and IL-8 in the brain may have a neuroprotective role in cognitively healthy older adults with lower AD pathology burden.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
