Article
Food Science & Technology
Yejin Ahn, Kyungae Jo, Yeok Boo Chang, Hyung Joo Suh
Summary: This study found that yeast hydrolysate can promote muscle cell differentiation and inhibit muscle atrophy. In cell and mouse models, yeast hydrolysate increased the length and area of muscle fibers and significantly increased the expression of muscle differentiation-related genes. Furthermore, yeast hydrolysate also reduced the expression of muscle atrophy-related proteins and improved grip strength and lean mass.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Xiao-Li Li, Liang Wang, Ming-Chao He, Wen-Xiong Li, Jia-Li Zhang, Yong-Fang Fu, Yan Zhang
Summary: This study found that Gu-Shu-Kang protected male mice against dexamethasone-induced disturbance in the musculoskeletal system by enhancing muscle strength and improving bone density and osteogenesis. These findings suggest that Gu-Shu-Kang may have potential applications in the treatment of muscle atrophy and osteoporosis triggered by glucocorticoids.
PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Taichi Fukunaga, Shuuichi Mori, Takuya Omura, Yoshihiro Noda, Yasunori Fujita, Ikuroh Ohsawa, Kazuhiro Shigemoto
Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered a major cause of sarcopenia, and its effects differ based on fiber type. Oxidative stress is associated with age-related muscle fiber atrophy, while specific mitochondrial changes may correlate with muscle quality rather than muscle mass.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Feng-Min Zhang, Hao-Fan Wu, Han-Ping Shi, Zhen Yu, Cheng-Le Zhuang
Summary: Sarcopenia is a systemic skeletal muscle disorder that often affects the elderly population and is more common in cancer patients. It not only changes body composition but also leads to increased complications, reduced treatment efficacy, and shortened survival.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keisuke Hitachi, Yuri Kiyofuji, Hisateru Yamaguchi, Masashi Nakatani, Masafumi Inui, Kunihiro Tsuchida
Summary: This study investigated the effects of the loss of MyHC-IIb and MyHC-IIx on skeletal muscle function using a mouse model. The results showed that the simultaneous loss of IIb and IIx led to severe muscle hypoplasia after 2 weeks of age in mice. Increased expression of other MyHCs was observed in 3-week-old mice, but it was not sufficient to compensate for the loss of IIb and IIx. Aberrant sarcomere structure and altered expression of sarcomere components were also observed. These findings contribute to the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle wasting disorders caused by the loss of skeletal muscle MyHCs.
Article
Cell Biology
Lauren Wimer, Elena Goncharova, Sofiya Galkina, Edna Nyangau, Mahalakshmi Shankaran, Asia Davis, Leandro Prado, Maria Castro Munoz, Sharon Epstein, Cavan Patterson, Nicholas Shaum, Mark Hellerstein, William Evans, Simon Melov
Summary: Developing accurate methods to quantify age-related muscle loss is crucial for developing therapies, and the D3Cr method offers a faster, cheaper, and more accurate alternative to DXA for measuring muscle mass in mice.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hyejin Lee, Kyeong Seon Lee, Ji Hye Jeong, Ji Soo Yoon, Seung Hwan Hwang, Sang-Yoon Kim, Sung Hum Yeon, Jae-Ha Ryu
Summary: In our study, we discovered that Alnus japonica extract (AJE) and oregonin, its main component, have the ability to prevent muscle wasting. In both in vitro and in vivo studies, AJE and oregonin showed positive effects on muscle strength and mass. They stimulated myogenesis, protected against loss of myotubes, and regulated muscle protein synthesis and degradation. These findings suggest that AJE could be a beneficial treatment for sarcopenia.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pengbin Yin, Ming Chen, Man Rao, Yuan Lin, Mingming Zhang, Ren Xu, Xueda Hu, Ruijing Chen, Wei Chai, Xiang Huang, Haikuan Yu, Yao Yao, Yali Zhao, Yi Li, Licheng Zhang, Peifu Tang
Summary: This study reveals the presence of lipid-associated macrophages and pro-inflammatory CD4+ T cells in the aging process of muscles and bones. The findings also suggest that exosomes produced by degenerated myocytes can communicate with Th17 cells in the bone, leading to the upregulation of aging-related genes. Overall, this study provides important insights into the synchronized aging of muscles and bones.
Review
Cell Biology
Dylan Wilburn, Ahmed Ismaeel, Steven Machek, Emma Fletcher, Panagiotis Koutakis
Summary: Maintaining skeletal muscle mass and function involves a delicate balance between anabolism and catabolism, which can be disrupted in different pathological conditions. This paper discusses the specific intracellular signaling events that regulate muscle protein atrophy in various clinical occurrences. Each pathology has unique mechanisms that contribute to muscle loss, providing researchers and clinicians with specific targets for developing more effective medical treatments and interventions.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ji-Eun Kim, Eun-Young Kwon, Youngji Han
Summary: Collagen peptide and collagen tripeptide are supplementary health foods that have various biological effects. This study found that the supplements increased muscle weight and reduced body fat in aging mice, improving age-associated sarcopenia through different mechanisms.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Huan-Huan Zhou, Yuxiao Liao, Zhao Peng, Fang Liu, Qi Wang, Wei Yang
Summary: This study examines the relationship between muscle wasting and mortality risk, finding that muscle wasting is associated with higher risks of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, cancer mortality, and respiratory disease mortality. Early detection and treatment of muscle wasting may be crucial for reducing mortality risk and promoting healthy longevity.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Muhammad Arif Aslam, Eun Bi Ma, Joo Young Huh
Summary: Sarcopenia, a geriatric disorder characterized by a decline in muscle mass and function, is associated with adverse health outcomes. This review consolidates knowledge on the genetic factors influencing sarcopenia and emphasizes their interaction with environmental factors. It aims to inform the development of therapeutic interventions for sarcopenia.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Athanasios Moustogiannis, Anastassios Philippou, Orjona Taso, Evangelos Zevolis, Maria Pappa, Antonios Chatzigeorgiou, Michael Koutsilieris
Summary: This study investigated the impact of senescence/aging on skeletal myogenesis through in vitro experiments. Aged myoblasts showed cell cycle arrest, DNA damage, increased SA-beta-gal activity, and altered expression of various factors compared to control cells during differentiation. The findings suggest that aging disrupts myogenic lineage and leads to a reduction in differentiation capacity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jung Yoon Jang, Donghwan Kim, Nam Deuk Kim
Summary: Sarcopenia, the loss of muscle strength and mass in older individuals, is a major concern globally due to its impact on fall risk, disability, and mortality. Despite its clinical importance, sarcopenia is often under-recognized and poorly managed in routine clinical practice, primarily due to the lack of diagnostic testing and uniform criteria. While some countries have assigned disease codes for sarcopenia, there are currently no approved pharmacological treatments, with interventions primarily focusing on physical therapy and protein intake.
Article
Cell Biology
Wulf Hildebrandt, Jan Keck, Simon Schmich, Gabriel A. Bonaterra, Beate Wilhelm, Hans Schwarzbach, Anna Eva, Mirjam Bertoune, Emily P. Slater, Volker Fendrich, Ralf Kinscherf
Summary: Skeletal muscle wasting is a significant issue in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and this study aimed to identify the factors responsible for muscle wasting. The researchers found that muscle wasting was associated with PDAC development and local inflammation, without affecting microcirculation, innervation, or mitochondria. Surprisingly, markers of inflammation, protein hydrolysis, and increased amino acid and glutathione levels were also detected in mice with precancerous lesions.
Article
Cell Biology
Anandini Swaminathan, Leonardo Cesanelli, Tomas Venckunas, Hans Degens
Summary: Methionine restriction reduces inflammation and increases longevity. The study showed that MR can enhance the hypertrophic response in skeletal muscle in old age without significant changes in muscle oxidative capacity or inflammation levels.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Annika Kruse, Andreas Habersack, Richard T. Jaspers, Norbert Schrapf, Guido Weide, Martin Svehlik, Markus Tilp
Summary: This study assessed the effects of PNF and SS on ankle joint range of motion and muscle-tendon behavior in children with CP. The findings suggest a positive acute effect of stretching on ankle function, but PNF stretching and SS stretching have different effects on spastic muscles.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Moritz Eggelbusch, Andi Shi, Bonnie C. Broeksma, Mariana Vazquez-Cruz, Madu N. Soares, Gerard M. J. de Wit, Bart Everts, Richard T. Jaspers, Rob C. Wust
Summary: This study found that the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome induced by LPS leads to morphological and metabolic changes in cultured myotubes, possibly due to its association with mitochondria.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yixin Mao, Yang Chen, Wenjin Cai, Wanying Jiang, Xiaoyu Sun, Jun Zeng, Hongning Wang, Xia Wang, Wenmei Dong, Jianfeng Ma, Richard T. Jaspers, Shengbin Huang, Gang Wu
Summary: Titanium ions stimulate osteoblast apoptosis and have a negative effect on implant failure. Mitochondrial abnormalities are related to osteoblast dysfunction. This study found that mitochondrial oxidative stress and dysfunction play a role in titanium ion-induced apoptosis of osteoblastic cells. Mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants can alleviate the cytotoxic effects of titanium ions on osteoblasts. The primary regulator of mitochondrial permeability transition pore, cyclophilin D, is involved in mitochondrial dysfunction and osteoblast cell apoptosis induced by titanium ions.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Haiyan Wang, Yongyong Yan, Janak L. Pathak, Wei Hong, Jing Zeng, Dongyang Qian, Binwei Hao, Haiqing Li, Jinlan Gu, Richard T. Jaspers, Gang Wu, Ming Shao, Gongyong Peng, Haifeng Lan
Summary: Due to a lack of effective treatments, osteoarthritis (OA) remains a challenge for clinicians. Quercetin, a bioflavonoid, has shown potent anti-inflammatory effects, but its effect on preventing OA progression and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, rats were divided into different groups and treated with quercetin for 28 days. The results showed that high-dose quercetin had a protective effect against OA development and progression by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors and promoting the expression of cartilage-related proteins. Quercetin could be a potential therapeutic agent for preventing OA progression in at-risk groups.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Zhicong Li, Zhichao Zheng, Janak L. Pathak, Hongtao Li, Gang Wu, Shaofen Xu, Tianqi Wang, Haoyu Cheng, Zhengguo Piao, Richard T. T. Jaspers, Lihong Wu
Summary: This study analyzed the periodontal status, alveolar bone phenotype, and oral microbiome status in leptin-deficient obese mice. The results showed that leptin-deficient obese mice exhibited epithelial hyperplasia in gingiva, disordered periodontal ligaments, increased alveolar bone loss, lower abundance of beneficial bacteria, and higher abundance of inflammatory bacteria in the oral cavity, suggesting a potential risk factor for periodontitis development.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sandro Satta, Robert Beal, Rhys Smith, Xing Luo, Glenn R. Ferris, Alex Langford-Smith, Jack Teasdale, Tom Tanjeko Ajime, Jef Serre, Georgina Hazell, Graciela Sala Newby, Jason L. Johnson, Svitlana Kurinna, Martin J. Humphries, Ghislaine Gayan-Ramirez, Peter Libby, Hans Degens, Bo Yu, Thomas Johnson, Yvonne Alexander, Haibo Jia, Andrew C. Newby, Stephen J. White
Summary: Researchers recreated the conditions of endothelial erosion of plaques in vitro and identified a novel Nrf2-OSGIN1&2-HSP70 axis that regulates endothelial adhesion, as well as elevated GDF15 and HSP70 as biomarkers for plaque erosion in patients with smoking history. They also identified two therapeutic targets for reducing the risk of plaque erosion.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Nina Jacobs, Daniek Mos, Frank W. Bloemers, Willem J. van der Laarse, Richard T. Jaspers, Stephan van der Zwaard
Summary: Recent observations have shown that elite cyclists have lower myoglobin (Mb) concentrations in their muscle fibers. This study aimed to compare the Mb concentration, Mb mRNA expression levels, and myonuclear content in the muscle fibers of elite cyclists and physically-active controls. The results showed that Mb concentrations and Mb mRNA expression levels were lower in cyclists compared to controls, while myonuclear content was not different between groups. These findings suggest that the lower Mb concentration in muscle fibers of elite cyclists is partly due to lower Mb mRNA expression levels, rather than a lower myonuclear content. Further research is needed to determine if strategies that increase Mb mRNA expression levels, particularly in type I fibers, can enhance oxygen supply in cyclists.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
James Cameron, Jamie S. McPhee, David A. Jones, Hans Degens
Summary: A 5-year study found that the 6-minute walk distance and timed up-and-go decreased further in septuagenarians, regardless of sex, and were associated with a decline in muscle contractile properties. However, this decline was due to a loss of muscle mass, rather than a further decrease in muscle quality.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Anesthesiology
Pablo Duro-Ocana, Fabio Zambolin, Arwel W. Jones, Angella Bryan, John Moore, Tanviha Quraishi-Akhtar, Jamie Mcphee, Hans Degens, Liam Bagley
Summary: The study found that prehabilitation programs with more than one supervised session per week can improve physical function but do not enhance surgical outcomes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ANESTHESIA
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Elvira S. Amaral Gomes, Odile A. van den Heuvel, Marc B. Rietberg, Vincent De Groot, Mark A. Hirsch, Wilma D. J. van de Berg, Richard T. Jaspers, Chris Vriend, Tim Vanbellingen, Erwin E. H. Van Wegen
Summary: This pilot study aimed to quantify individual response patterns of motor symptoms, non-motor functioning, and blood biomarkers in Parkinson's disease patients to different exercise modalities. The results showed that engaging in physical exercise can reduce motor symptoms, but there is significant variability in individual response patterns among participants.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Qing Zhang, Mengyu Xin, Shuang Yang, Qiuyu Wu, Xi Xiang, Tianqi Wang, Wen Zhong, Marco N. Helder, Richard T. Jaspers, Janak Lal Pathak, Yin Xiao
Summary: Targeting macrophages to regulate the immune microenvironment is a new strategy for bone regeneration with nano-drugs. Nano-drugs have achieved surprising anti-inflammatory and bone-regenerative effects, however, their underlying mechanisms in macrophages remain to be clarified.
MATERIALS TODAY BIO
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Hans Degens, Tomas Venckunas, Rob Cl Wuest
Summary: Cigarette smoking reduces exercise capacity and muscle fatigue resistance, partially due to carboxyhaemoglobin (HbCO) in the blood reducing oxygen-carrying capacity. However, mitochondrial dysfunction improves oxygenation despite reducing oxygen uptake. Using data from muscle samples, a tissue oxygenation model showed that HbCO and impaired mitochondrial respiration both contribute to reduced muscle oxygenation, with chronic smokers experiencing more significant effects from impaired mitochondrial respiration.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hans Degens, Gladys L. Onambele-Pearson
Summary: Ageing is characterized by a decline in physiological functions. There is a debate on whether the rate of ageing is highly individualistic or uniform. This study proposes a framework to assess the rate of ageing using cross-sectional data, suggesting that most studies demonstrate a highly individualistic rate of ageing, except for master athletes who show a uniform rate of ageing.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Janelle Tarum, Hans Degens, Mark D. Turner, Claire Stewart, Craig Sale, Livia Santos
Summary: Healthy skeletal muscle has the ability to regenerate after injury, but this ability is impaired in aging muscle due to dysfunctional satellite cells and reduced myogenic capacity. This study developed a high-throughput in vitro model to assess muscle regeneration in young and aged muscle cell cultures. The results suggest that aged muscle cells have reduced regeneration capacity and show significant changes in signalling pathways associated with muscle development and contraction. Understanding these mechanisms can aid in the development of new therapies for impaired muscle regeneration in older age.
JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
