Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David Vogrinc, Milica Gregoric Kramberger, Andreja Emersic, Sasa Cucnik, Katja Goricar, Vita Dolzan
Summary: Oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are important processes involved in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment. This study evaluated the association of polymorphisms in oxidative stress- and inflammation-related genes with cerebrospinal fluid biomarker levels and cognitive test results. The results showed that IL1B rs16944 carriers had higher CSF A beta(1-42) levels, while NFE2L2 rs35652124 carriers had lower CSF A beta(1-42) levels. Several gene variants, including CAT rs1001179, GSTP1 rs1138272, KEAP1 rs1048290 and rs9676881, and NFE2L2 rs35652124, were significantly associated with cognitive test scores.
Article
Immunology
Yan Gao, Juntong Li, Qinglin Wu, Shasha Wang, Songwei Yang, Xun Li, Naihong Chen, Lin Li, Lan Zhang
Summary: TSG effectively alleviated Aβ-induced cytotoxicity in neuronal cells within APP/PS1 mice by regulating ferroptosis related proteins and enzymes, promoting activation of several antioxidative pathways, and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation levels. These findings highlight a novel mechanism of TSG in reversing Aβ-induced injury, suggesting its potential as a promising candidate in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, especially AD.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Nyshadham S. N. Chaitanya, Prasad Tammineni, Ganji Purnachandra Nagaraju, Aramati B. M. Reddy
Summary: The cytosolic adaptor protein ECSIT is involved in the toll-like receptor pathway and regulates various biological processes. It interacts with multiple signaling intermediates and its molecular functions in pathophysiology remain unclear.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Isabelle K. Gorham, Robert C. Barber, Harlan P. Jones, Nicole R. Phillips
Summary: Literature suggests that the release of mtDNA in Alzheimer's disease is correlated with increased immune responses, indicating its potential as a biomarker. However, there are still unanswered questions and further research in this area is needed.
ALZHEIMERS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shajer Manzoor, Mariame Selma Kane, Maximiliano Grenett, Joo-Yeun Oh, Betty Pat, Clifton Lewis, James E. Davies, Chad Steele, Rakesh P. Patel, Louis J. Dell'Italia
Summary: Primary mitral regurgitation (PMR) is associated with oxidative and inflammatory myocardial damage. The study found increased Hb production in the PMR heart coupled with the inflammatory state of the heart. This suggests a myocardial vulnerability of further Hb delivery and/or production during cardiac surgery that could adversely affect LV functional recovery.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ruifeng Zhang, Miao Zeng, Xiaolu Zhang, Yujia Zheng, Nuan Lv, Luming Wang, Jiali Gan, Yawen Li, Xijuan Jiang, Lin Yang
Summary: Saponins, specifically ginsenoside Rg1 and pseudoginsenoside-F11, show the most promise in treating Alzheimer's disease by reducing amyloid beta peptide deposition, inhibiting tau phosphorylation, modulating oxidative stress, reducing inflammation, and antiapoptosis. This review provides a comprehensive summary and classification of common saponins studied for their therapeutic potential in Alzheimer's disease, showcasing their underlying mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Raghavan Pillai Raju, Lun Cai, Alpna Tyagi, Subbiah Pugazhenthi
Summary: In this study, using RNA-seq analysis, we found significant changes in gene expression related to pathways including oxidation-reduction, oxidative phosphorylation, innate immune response, ribosomal protein synthesis, and ubiquitin proteosome system in the brains of 5XFAD mice. The downregulation of genes related to oxidation-reduction and upregulation of immune response genes were the most striking features observed. Gene interaction analysis revealed at least three distinct interaction clusters, with the predominant one relating to cellular energetics.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gong Peng, Ming Li, Zhaoli Meng
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a devastating disease with no disease-modified treatment discovered yet. Recent studies have shown that polysaccharides potentially have benefits in alleviating the pathological damage and improving cognitive symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, but further research is needed.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diana Filipa Silva, Nuno Empadinhas, Sandra Morais Cardoso, Ana Raquel Esteves
Summary: Inflammation and oxidative stress play significant roles in neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Dysregulation of the immune system, mitochondrial dysfunction, and disrupted gut microbiota composition can lead to chronic systemic inflammation, impair blood-brain barrier function, and promote neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
Review
Neurosciences
Hayate Javed, Nagoor Meeran Mohamed Fizur, Niraj Kumar Jha, Ghulam Md. Ashraf, Shreesh Ojha
Summary: Phytochemicals, especially those from spices, have potential as drug candidates for neurodegenerative diseases due to their antioxidant properties. Carvacrol, a phenolic monoterpenoid, has diverse pharmacological effects and has shown potential in treating Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease by reducing oxidative stress and inflammation.
CURRENT NEUROPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marika Cordaro, Angela Trovato Salinaro, Rosalba Siracusa, Ramona D'Amico, Daniela Impellizzeri, Maria Scuto, Maria Laura Ontario, Salvatore Cuzzocrea, Rosanna Di Paola, Roberta Fusco, Vittorio Calabrese
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is the principal cause of dementia and is associated with neurodegenerative disorders. Hericium erinaceus, a nutritional mushroom with important antioxidant effects, has shown significant therapeutic effects in a rat model of AD, reducing behavioral changes and hippocampal neuronal degeneration.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Laura Gomez-Virgilio, Alejandro Luarte, Daniela P. Ponce, Barbara A. Bruna, Maria Behrens
Summary: Among the proposed pathogenic mechanisms for Alzheimer's disease, increased oxidative stress appears to be a robust and early feature. Utilizing patient-derived peripheral cells may provide a more biologically relevant model for studying the disease. Analyzing olfactory neuronal precursors isolated non-invasively through NADH FLIM has the potential to reveal AD-related oxidative stress and accelerate the discovery of effective antioxidant therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenping Xiong, Dongming Li, Yu Feng, Chenguang Jia, Xiangyu Zhang, Zheng Liu
Summary: Circular RNA LPAR1 (circLPAR1) is increased in Alzheimer's disease (AD), and its suppression protects against AD-related inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis. CircLPAR1 functions by repressing the expression of growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) through UPF1 recruitment. Furthermore, promoting GDF-15 expression inhibits A beta-induced neuronal damage and restores the SIRT1/Nrf-2/HO-1 pathway.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Mengfei Chen, Qingping Wu, Zhenjun Zhu, AoHuan Huang, Jumei Zhang, Alaa El-Din Ahmed Bekhit, Juan Wang, Yu Ding
Summary: Excessive ROS and inflammation lead to dysfunctional autophagy in Alzheimer's disease. Selenium-enriched ingredients (SEIs), including selenoproteins, selenoamino acids, and selenosugars, have shown potential in improving AD through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and autophagy-modulating effects. This review highlights that SEIs can eliminate ROS, alleviate inflammation, activate the AMPK/mTOR pathway, promote Aβ clearance, and reduce memory impairments, making them a potential novel strategy for AD treatment.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elena Tamagno, Michela Guglielmotto, Valeria Vasciaveo, Massimo Tabaton
Summary: The pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease involves the accumulation of beta amyloid and vulnerability of the brain to oxidative stress, which are linked to each other. It is difficult to determine which comes first, Aβ or oxidative stress. Evidence suggests that oxidative stress occurs early in the development of Alzheimer's disease and plays a crucial role in the manifestation of clinical and pathological symptoms.