Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yang Peng, Guanglei Tang, Mengya Sun, Shuang Yu, Yanglei Cheng, Yu Wang, Weiwei Deng, Yanbing Li, Jian Guan
Summary: This study assessed the feasibility of using spectral CT-derived extracellular volume (ECV) to differentiate aldosterone-producing nodules (APN) from nonfunctioning adrenal nodules (NFN). The results showed that the ECV fraction can effectively differentiate APN from NFN.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Naqash Ali, Liqiang Zhang, Hongwei Zhou, Aonan Zhao, Chaojie Zhang, Yuan Gao
Summary: The formation of voids in medium carbon ferrite-pearlite steel was investigated in this study, with a focus on the initiation sites and governing factors such as prior austenite grain size, grain boundary ferrite precipitation, pearlite block size and sub-grain boundaries misorientation. It was found that implementing soft reduction technology can reduce void defects, specifically by mitigating the effects of prior austenite grain boundary and pearlite colony boundary on void initiation. Additionally, increasing reduction amounts were associated with an increase in void number, size, and complexity, while smaller reduction amounts could effectively compensate for solidification shrinkage voids.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
K. Naresh, K. A. Khan, W. J. Cantwell, R. Umer
Summary: This study investigates the compaction-creep response of a glass/epoxy prepreg system under different temperatures, pressures, and compaction speeds. The results show that increasing the compaction speed leads to increased total strain, percentage of compaction creep, and resulting permanent deformation. The percentage of compaction-creep increases with temperature up to 55 degrees C and then decreases. Additionally, a decrease in creep deformation is observed at higher temperatures due to resin squeezing out. The void content in the post-creep laminates is determined using an analytical model and compared with XCT-developed geometrical models, with good agreement between the two methods.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Kai Lyu, E. J. Garboczi, Yufeng Gao, Changwen Miao, Xiaoyan Liu
Summary: This study quantitatively characterized the air void system of six mortars with varying sand size distributions via X-ray computed tomography, revealing a linear relationship between fine aggregate specific surface area and global air void volume fraction.
CEMENT & CONCRETE COMPOSITES
(2022)
Article
Soil Science
Tinashe Mawodza, Manoj Menon, Harriet Brooks, Oxana Magdysyuk, Genoveva Burca, Stuart Casson
Summary: Soil structure plays a crucial role in root architectural development and plant yield. This study explores how different aggregate sizes influence early root growth in wheat plants. Results indicate that smaller aggregates promote increased lateral root growth, while larger aggregates induce more seminal root axes in wheat seedlings.
SOIL & TILLAGE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yuesheng Luo, Leilei Liu, Daihong Liu, Hesong Shen, Xiaoxia Wang, Chunbo Fan, Zhen Zeng, Jing Zhang, Yong Tan, Xiaoyue Zhang, Jiaxing Wu, Jiuquan Zhang
Summary: Equilibrium contrast-enhanced CT can be used to determine the ECV fraction in LARC patients after NCRT to predict the likelihood of pCR. The mixed model combining ECVpost and ECV delta has a higher predictive performance in distinguishing between pCR and non-pCR patients.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Pengfei Zhao, Heyu Ding, Han Lv, Xiaoshuai Li, Xiaoyu Qiu, Rong Zeng, Guopeng Wang, Jian Wei, Long Jin, Zhenghan Yang, Shusheng Gong, Zhenchang Wang
Summary: The degree and length of ipsilesional TSS were positively correlated with TPG, while there was no statistical difference in TPG among TSSs of different shapes or locations. The degree, length of ipsilesional TSS, and contralateral transverse sinus dysplasia were significantly correlated with TPG.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Fengrui Rao, Zhen Zhang, Guanbao Ye, Jiangting Liu
Summary: X-CT technique was used to construct the internal void structures of foamed concrete, revealing that the contacts between voids had a primary influence on the residual strength and void size was the major influence factor on the modulus. A micromechanical model was developed and a simple equation was proposed to predict the mechanical properties of the foamed concrete. This approach can successfully predict the variations of the mechanical behavior due to the difference in void structures.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
John A. Lewis, Francisco Javier Quintero Cortes, Yuhgene Liu, John C. Miers, Ankit Verma, Bairav S. Vishnugopi, Jared Tippens, Dhruv Prakash, Thomas S. Marchese, Sang Yun Han, Chanhee Lee, Pralav P. Shetty, Hyun-Wook Lee, Pavel Shevchenko, Francesco De Carlo, Christopher Saldana, Partha P. Mukherjee, Matthew T. McDowell
Summary: The study using operando synchrotron X-ray computed microtomography reveals the evolution of lithium/solid-state electrolyte interfaces during battery cycling, showing how void formation, interphase growth, and volumetric changes affect cell behavior. Loss of contact at the interface between lithium and the solid-state electrolyte is found to be the primary cause of cell failure, while redox-active interphase and global volume changes upon charge also play significant roles in determining cell performance. These findings provide insights into the impact of chemo-mechanical phenomena on cell behavior, aiding in the development of solid-state batteries.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Guorong Wang, Yue Fang, Zhiwei Wang, Zhengyu Jin
Summary: The study quantitatively assessed local colonic wall thickening using dual-layer spectral detector computed tomography, and found that IC and NIC values can be used to identify LCWT caused by colon neoplasia with satisfactory diagnostic value.
ACADEMIC RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Michael R. MacIver, Abhay Sablok, Marek Pawlik
Summary: This study utilizes an image registration method combining CT and SEM-EDX technologies to successfully measure the volume and concentration of apatite-bearing phase in low-grade apatite ore, providing a foundation for further research. It was found that the apatite mass fraction in individual particles varied significantly, indicating that the low-grade apatite ore studied is a mixture of high- and low-grade particles.
MINERALS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. Sittner, V. Brovchenko, A. Siddique, F. Buyse, M. Boone, A. D. Renno, V. Cnudde, M. Merkulova, S. F. Sluzhenikin
Summary: The fine-grained ores from Mt. Rudnaya were analyzed using various methods, revealing the presence of small globules formed by magma separation, as well as a matrix containing platinum group minerals (PGM). These findings suggest a possible separation of copper-rich and copper-poor sulfide liquids before crystallization. The distribution behavior indicates that platinum group elements (PGE) cannot be dissolved in a specific solid solution, leading to the formation of large PGM grains.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
T. Arai, A. Ui, M. Furuya, R. Okawa, T. Iiyama, S. Ueda, K. Shirakawa
Summary: This study examines the effect of nonheated rod arrangements on the boiling flow dynamics in a rod bundle by conducting a boiling flow experiment. The experimental results show the impact of nonheated rod arrangements on the local void fraction and the evolution of boiling flow in the rod bundle.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Huiyong Liang, Dawei Guan, Lei Yang, Lunxiang Zhang, Yongchen Song, Jiafei Zhao
Summary: Gas hydrates have potential applications in energy and environmental fields, and the formation process involves an initial reaction-controlled stage followed by a mass-transfer-limited growth stage. This study provides new insights into the kinetics of hydrate formation.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Rong-Xing Qi, Jia-Shen Jiang, Jun Shao, Qing Zhang, Kou-Long Zheng, Jing Xiao, Sheng Huang, Shen-Chu Gong
Summary: This study used LIE-DECT to measure the ECV in HFpEF patients and found a correlation between ECV and the risk of HFpEF, as well as cardiac structure and function. ECV was significantly higher in the non-ischaemic and ischaemic HFpEF groups compared to the control group, and a higher ECV/remote ECV was associated with both non-ischaemic and ischaemic HFpEF after adjusting for confounding factors. There was also a positive correlation between ECV and cardiac structural and functional variables. Subgroup analysis showed a positive correlation between ECV/remote ECV and ischaemic scar burden with heart failure classification in the HFpEF subgroup.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yongxiang Wu, Nguyen Thi Hong Nhung, Deqian Zeng, Nengneng Luo, Akira Otsuki, Gjergj Dodbiba, Toyohisa Fujita
Summary: This study proposed a novel method for synthesizing flower-like vaterite calcium carbonate using nanobubble-containing ethanol and water mixed solution as the solvent and discussed the formation mechanism of vaterite with different shapes. The synthesized vaterite has significant practical interest in the integrated treatment of wastewater contaminated by heavy metals with effective Cd(II) removal, providing a promising field for studying heavy metal and pollutant adsorption in the liquid phase.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jian Gong, Lipo Cheng, Ming Liu, Jie Jiang, Xiaoduo Ou
Summary: This study investigates the effects of particle shape on the collapse of granular columns using the discrete element method. The results show that particle shape has a significant impact on deposition morphology, energy evolution, and mechanical coordination number. Sphericity and angularity are identified as the most important macroscale factors, while roughness has a weaker microscale influence.
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
(2024)
