Review
Cell Biology
Giovanni Santacroce, Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Antonio Di Sabatino
Summary: Intestinal fibrosis is a threatening complication of Crohn's disease. The mechanisms underlying its development are not fully understood, and targeted therapies are currently lacking. This review provides an overview of the main therapeutic targets and the most promising anti-fibrotic therapies for intestinal fibrosis.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Calen A. Steiner, Jeffrey A. Berinstein, Jeremy Louissaint, Peter D. R. Higgins, Jason R. Spence, Carol Shannon, Cathy Lu, Ryan W. Stidham, Joel G. Fletcher, David H. Bruining, Brian G. Feagan, Vipul Jairath, Mark E. Baker, Dominik Bettenworth, Florian Rieder
Summary: This comprehensive systematic review examines biomarkers for predicting and diagnosing Crohn's disease-associated strictures. Thirty-five potential biomarkers were identified across three groups, including promising markers such as cartilage oligomeric matrix protein and hepatocyte growth factor activator. However, limitations exist, including the lack of standardized definition for stricturing disease and incomplete knowledge of their operating properties.
CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alice Barinotti, Massimo Radin, Irene Cecchi, Silvia Grazietta Foddai, Elena Rubini, Dario Roccatello, Savino Sciascia
Summary: Chronic kidney disease is a widely prevalent pathological condition with a significant impact on patients' quality of life. Renal fibrosis, the main biological mechanism underlying CKD, poses challenges for therapeutic strategies. Kidney biopsy is currently the best tool for assessing renal fibrosis, but non-invasive biomarkers are needed. Systematic review of serological markers associated with renal fibrosis in CKD patients over the past five years showed scattered evidence, highlighting the complexity of the fibrotic process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xiao Xuan Lin, Yun Qiu, Xiao Jun Zhuang, Fen Liu, Xiao Min Wu, Min Hu Chen, Ren Mao
Summary: Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder that can lead to fibrosis-associated intestinal strictures in 70% of patients, impacting their quality of life. Current therapies are limited in preventing or reversing fibrosis, leading to surgery for nearly half of patients.
JOURNAL OF DIGESTIVE DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Gabrielle Boucher, Alexandre Paradis, Genevieve Chabot-Roy, Lise Coderre, Erin E. Hillhouse, Alain Bitton, Christine Des Rosiers, Megan K. Levings, L. Philip Schumm, Mark Lazarev, Steve R. Brant, Richard Duerr, Dermot McGovern, Mark S. Silverberg, Judy Cho, Sylvie Lesage, John D. Rioux
Summary: This study identified elevated levels of multiple serum analytes in Crohn's disease (CD) patients, implicating multiple cell types from the immune, epithelial, and endothelial systems. These circulating analytes reflect the ongoing inflammatory processes within the gut. Furthermore, distinct profiles according to disease location support the biological difference between ileal and colonic CD, consistent with previous genetic and clinical observations.
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Min Zhong, Bota Cui, Jie Xiang, Xia Wu, Quan Wen, Qianqian Li, Faming Zhang
Summary: This study found that rapamycin may be effective for CD-related strictures in the upper gastrointestinal tract, but not in lower gastrointestinal tract, with a certain rate of adverse events. No deaths or serious opportunistic infections were observed in the study.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rune Wilkens, Dong-Hua Liao, Hans Gregersen, Henning Glerup, David A. Peters, Charlotte Buchard, Anders Tottrup, Klaus Krogh
Summary: Parameters obtained from preoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasonography and dynamic contrast-enhanced MR Enterography were associated with the biomechanical properties of strictures in Crohn's disease. Pre-stenotic dilatation on ultrasound may serve as a potential biomarker for small intestinal stricture stiffness in Crohn's disease.
Article
Microbiology
Shukai Zhan, Caiguang Liu, Jixin Meng, Ren Mao, Tong Tu, Jianming Lin, Minhu Chen, Zhirong Zeng, Xiaojun Zhuang
Summary: Intestinal stricture is a challenging complication in Crohn's disease, with poorly understood mechanisms. The gut microbiota has been implicated in the development of intestinal fibrosis. This study investigated the specific mucosa-associated microbiota associated with strictures and their role in predicting postoperative disease course.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Francois Avila, Benedicte Caron, Gabriela Hossu, Khalid Ambarki, Stephan Kannengiesser, Freddy Odille, Jacques Felblinger, Silvio Danese, Myriam Choukour, Valerie Laurent, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet
Summary: The study assessed the accuracy of magnetic resonance elastography in detecting intestinal fibrosis and predicting clinical course in patients with Crohn's disease. The results showed that magnetic resonance elastography is a reliable tool for detecting intestinal fibrosis and predicting a worse disease outcome.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Virginia Solitano, Arianna Dal Buono, Roberto Gabbiadini, Marek Wozny, Alessandro Repici, Antonino Spinelli, Stefania Vetrano, Alessandro Armuzzi
Summary: Fibro-stenosing Crohn's disease (CD) is a common disease presentation that leads to impaired quality of life and often requires endoscopic treatments or surgery. Currently, there are no existing imaging techniques that can accurately quantify the amount of fibrosis within a stricture, and managing patients is challenging, requiring a multidisciplinary team.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Li Li, Rirong Chen, Yingfan Zhang, Gaoshi Zhou, Baili Chen, Zhirong Zeng, Minhu Chen, Shenghong Zhang
Summary: MMP3, CCL2, and CRP are promising biomarkers for predicting PNR to infliximab. A PNR classifier combining these three indicators can accurately predict PNR and may be useful in clinical practice for therapy selection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jared L. L. Cooper, Ryan E. E. Rosentreter, Alexis Filyk, Zahra A. A. Premji, Hua Shen, Richard Ingram, Gilaad G. G. Kaplan, Christopher Ma, Kerri Novak, Remo Panaccione, Cynthia H. H. Seow, Florian Rieder, Maitreyi Raman, Cathy Lu
Summary: This systematic review evaluated the impact of dietary interventions on medical and surgical outcomes in patients with fibrostenotic Crohn's disease. The findings suggest that exclusive enteral nutrition and total parenteral nutrition may provide benefit for these patients.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Surina Surina, Rosaria Anna Fontanella, Lucia Scisciola, Raffaele Marfella, Giuseppe Paolisso, Michelangela Barbieri
Summary: miR-21, a 22-nucleotide long microRNA, plays a crucial role in various cardiomyopathies by regulating gene expression and providing cardiac protection after injury. It is also closely linked to cardiac dysfunctions such as hypertrophy and fibrosis.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Medical Laboratory Technology
Zhiyang Chen, Yichen Ma, Jingyao Cai, Mei Sun, Ling Zeng, Fengxi Wu, Yiru Zhang, Min Hu
Summary: Liver fibrosis is a common process in chronic liver diseases that can lead to cirrhosis and liver failure. Noninvasive tests, such as serum biomarkers, have become important for diagnosing and evaluating liver fibrogenesis. This article summarizes established and newly discovered serum biomarkers for hepatic fibrogenesis.
CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marta S. Alexdottir, Arno R. Bourgonje, Morten A. Karsdal, Martin Pehrsson, Roberta Loveikyte, Hendrik M. van Dullemen, Marijn C. Visschedijk, Eleonora A. M. Festen, Rinse K. Weersma, Klaas Nico Faber, Gerard Dijkstra, Joachim H. Mortensen
Summary: This study aimed to assess the role of serological biomarkers in monitoring and predicting treatment response in patients with Crohn's disease undergoing infliximab induction therapy. The results showed that baseline levels of a biomarker for type IV collagen degradation were associated with treatment response, while biomarkers for type III and VI collagen formation could be used to monitor response at the end of treatment. Additionally, biomarker ratios for type IV collagen turnover showed promising results in monitoring treatment response in patients without a surgical history.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Giovanni Santacroce, Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Antonio Di Sabatino
Summary: Intestinal fibrosis is a threatening complication of Crohn's disease. The mechanisms underlying its development are not fully understood, and targeted therapies are currently lacking. This review provides an overview of the main therapeutic targets and the most promising anti-fibrotic therapies for intestinal fibrosis.
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nurulamin M. Noor, James C. Lee
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
James C. Lee
Article
Environmental Sciences
Michele Di Stefano, Natascia Brondino, Vera Bonaso, Emanuela Miceli, Francesco Lapia, Giacomo Grandi, Elisabetta Pagani, Gino Roberto Corazza, Antonio Di Sabatino
Summary: Patients with self-reported lactose intolerance are often unaware of the clinical presentation of this condition and accurate information is needed. Detection of symptom onset after lactose intake is an inaccurate test for lactose intolerance. Analysis of psychological characteristics in patients undergoing hydrogen breath test is not useful for selecting the subgroup at risk for a nocebo response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michele Di Stefano, Emanuela Miceli, Caterina Mengoli, Gino Roberto Corazza, Antonio Di Sabatino
Summary: Celiac disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder affecting the small intestine, leading to villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and an increase in intraepithelial lymphocytes. This condition often causes disturbances in bone mass and mineral metabolism, including changes in serum levels of vitamin D. A gluten-free diet can reverse these abnormalities, raising questions about the necessity of vitamin supplementation for all patients. Currently available data do not support widespread use of vitamin supplementation, and a thorough evaluation of bone and mineral metabolism is needed to determine which patients require this approach.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bethany K. Hughes, Cleo L. Bishop
Summary: Melanocytes protect the skin from UV damage by producing melanin, but prolonged exposure to UV light can lead to the formation of senescent cells, which may contribute to skin aging.
Review
Cell Biology
Bethany K. Hughes, Ryan Wallis, Cleo L. Bishop
Summary: Senescence is a well-known tumor suppressive mechanism that arrests cell cycle progression in response to harmful stimuli. However, senescent cell accumulation can contribute to age-related diseases. Senescence also plays a role in normal physiological processes. Machine learning has been applied in senescence research to analyze different types of data and aid in drug discovery.
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Paolo Biancheri, Paola Soriani, Tommaso Gabbani, Giuliano Francesco Bonura, Mauro Manno
DIGESTIVE AND LIVER DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Marzieh Akhlaghpour, Talin Haritunians, Shyam K. More, Lisa S. Thomas, Dalton T. Stamps, Shishir Dube, Dalin Li, Shaohong Yang, Carol J. Landers, Emebet Mengesha, Hussein Hamade, Ramachandran Murali, Alka A. Potdar, Andrea J. Wolf, Gregory J. Botwin, Michelle Khrom, Bana Int IBD Genetics, Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan, William A. Faubion, Bana Jabri, Sergio A. Lira, Rodney D. Newberry, Robert S. Sandler, R. Balfour Sartor, Ramnik J. Xavier, Steven R. Brant, Judy H. Cho, Richard H. Duerr, Mark G. Lazarev, John D. Rioux, L. Philip Schumm, Mark S. Silverberg, Karen Zaghiyan, Phillip Fleshner, Gil Y. Melmed, Eric A. Vasiliauskas, Christina Ha, Shervin Rabizadeh, Gaurav Syal, Nirupama N. Bonthala, David A. Ziring, Stephan R. Targan, Millie D. Long, Dermot P. B. McGovern, Kathrin S. Michelsen
Summary: In this study, a genetic association was found between perianal Crohn's disease (pCD) and a mutation in the CFB gene, which impairs its function and contributes to the occurrence and development of pCD in patients with Crohn's disease.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Carlo Maria Rossi, Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Stefania Merli, Hellas Cena, Antonio Di Sabatino
Summary: Allergen-free diets are an effective therapy for eosinophilic esophagitis, but should be approached with caution to reduce side effects and improve adherence. Empirical diets with fewer eliminated food categories and a step-up approach are recommended to minimize endoscopies and improve clinical outcomes. Geographical sensitization patterns may be relevant in specific regions.
Article
Oncology
Marco Lucioni, Sara Fraticelli, Giovanni Santacroce, Arturo Bonometti, Nicola Aronico, Roberta Sciarra, Marco Vincenzo Lenti, Paola Ilaria Bianchi, Giuseppe Neri, Monica Feltri, Benedetto Neri, Giuseppina Ferrario, Roberta Riboni, Gino Roberto Corazza, Alessandro Vanoli, Luca Arcaini, Marco Paulli, Antonio Di Sabatino
Summary: This retrospective study aimed to describe the clinical-pathological characteristics of intestinal T-cell lymphomas (ITCL) and possibly identify their hallmarks. The study included 28 patients, with most cases associated with celiac disease. The presence of CD, peripheral lymphocytosis, advanced Lugano clinical stage, and the histological subtype ITCL-NOS were significantly associated with worse survival.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Martin E. Baumdick, Annika Niehrs, Frauke Degenhardt, Maria Schwerk, Ole Hinrichs, Ana Jordan-Paiz, Benedetta Padoan, Lucy H. M. Wegner, Sebastian Schloer, Britta F. Zecher, Jakob Malsy, Vinita R. Joshi, Christin Illig, Jennifer Schroeder-Schwarz, Kimberly J. Moeller, Maureen P. Martin, Yuko Yuki, Mikki Ozawa, Juergen Sauter, Alexander H. Schmidt, Daniel Perez, Anastasios D. Giannou, Mary Carrington, Randall S. Davis, Udo Schumacher, Guido Sauter, Samuel Huber, Victor G. Puelles, Nathaniel Melling, Andre Franke, Marcus Altfeld, Madeleine J. Bunders
Summary: The study identified HLA-DP401 as a risk haplotype and HLA-DP301 as a protective haplotype for UC in European populations. Higher expression of HLA-DP was observed on IECs of individuals with UC compared to controls. Interaction between HLA-DP401 and NKp44 resulted in increased damage to intestinal epithelial cells, while blocking this interaction reduced NK cell-mediated destruction in UC.
Article
Cell Biology
Marie Vibeke Vestergaard, Kristine H. Allin, Gry J. Poulsen, James C. Lee, Tine Jess
Summary: In this study, we provide a comprehensive characterization of the hematological and biochemical changes that occur in the pre-clinical phase of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), revealing significant changes up to several years before diagnosis, which could facilitate earlier intervention.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Chiara Barteselli, Stefano Mazza, Valentina Ravetta, Francesca Torello Viera, Letizia Veronese, Chiara Frigerio, Giulia Gori, Gaetano Bergamaschi, Carmelo Sgarlata, Antonio Facciorusso, Marcello Maestri, Antonio Di Sabatino, Andrea Anderloni
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate whether different ultrasound patterns were associated with tumor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. The findings demonstrated that different ultrasound patterns correlated with different survival outcomes and tumor behavior in patients with HCC.
Article
Cell Biology
Ryan Wallis, Deborah Milligan, Bethany Hughes, Hannah Mizen, Jose Alberto Lopez-Dominguez, Ugochim Eduputa, Eleanor J. Tyler, Manuel Serrano, Cleo L. Bishop
Summary: This article introduces a tool that utilizes high-dimensional phenotypic profiling to assess the morphological characteristics of aging cells. These characteristics can be used to distinguish between aging and proliferating cells. This method addresses difficulties in aging research and provides insight at the single cell level. Additionally, this method can be used for in vivo assessment of aging, which is a key challenge in the field.