Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
J. G. Tobin, S. Nowak, S. W. Yu, P. Roussel, R. Alonso-Mori, T. Kroll, D. Nordlund, T. C. Weng, D. Sokaras
Summary: Recently, a study showed that an empirical model based on bremsstrahlung isochromat spectroscopy of elemental thorium (Th) can explain the experimental results and unoccupied 5f electronic structure for certain simple localized actinide systems. This paper extends the thorium model to provide an explanation for the observed behavior and unoccupied 5f electronic structure in uranium monochalcogenide systems.
JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Rui Huang, Tian Lan, Chong Li, Jing Li, Zhiyong Wang
Summary: Surface-activated bonding (SAB) creates strong bonding at room temperature through an intermixing process among different atoms at the heterointerface, enhanced by point defects introduced by the activation process. Bonding energies of GaAs/SiO2/Si and GaAs/Si wafers are 0.7 J/m(2) and 0.6 J/m(2) respectively.
Article
Mathematics
Ahmed Aref Abd El-Latif, Ahmed Abd Elkader Ramadan
Summary: In this study, the concept of (L, circle dot)-fuzzy (K, E)-soft filter is introduced and its characteristics are explored. By using specific operations, (L, circle dot)-fuzzy (K, E)-soft topologies are induced from (L, circle dot)-fuzzy (K, E)-soft filters. Furthermore, the products of (L, circle dot)-fuzzy (K, E)-soft filters and (L, circle dot)-fuzzy (K, E)-soft topologies are introduced on strictly two-sided commutative quantale lattices (L, circle dot) and (L, *).
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alessandra Gianoncelli, Valentina Bonanni, Gianluca Gariani, Francesco Guzzi, Lorella Pascolo, Roberto Borghes, Fulvio Bille, George Kourousias
Summary: Progress in nanotechnology requires high sensitivity and resolution material probing techniques, with soft X-ray microscopy being one of the most powerful tools in medicine and the life sciences for studying complex biological processes at micrometric and sub-micrometric length scales. The TwinMic soft X-ray microscopy end-station at the Elettra synchrotron demonstrates capabilities in medical and biological imaging, along with novel uses and developments.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
F. Verrecchia, C. Casentini, M. Tavani, A. Ursi, S. Mereghetti, M. Pilia, M. Cardillo, A. Addis, G. Barbiellini, L. Baroncelli, A. Bulgarelli, P. W. Cattaneo, A. Chen, E. Costa, E. Del Monte, A. Di Piano, A. Ferrari, V Fioretti, F. Longo, F. Lucarelli, N. Parmiggiani, G. Piano, C. Pittori, A. Rappoldi, S. Vercellone
Summary: This study conducted a systematic search for hard X-ray and gamma-ray emission associated with fast radio bursts (FRBs) observed by the AGILE satellite, finding no significant MeV or GeV emission from any event. Nearby FRBs emit radio pulses of energies significantly larger than recently detected sources, with MeV upper limits equivalent to those observed in giant flares from Galactic magnetars.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Optics
Jaeuk Heo, Yeonguk Kim, Gunsu Yun, Dong Eon Kim
Summary: High-intensity X-ray free-electron laser beams can create transient and non equilibrium dense states of matter. A model is used to study the population dynamics of atomic inner-shell vacancy states in Mg, Al, and Si and reveals the feasibility of population inversion between K-shell and L-shell vacancy states. The development of atomic X-ray lasers has potential applications in high-resolution spectroscopy and nonlinear optics in the X-ray region.
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
Eliot Gann, Thomas Crofts, Glenn Holland, Peter Beaucage, Terry McAfee, R. Joseph Kline, Brian A. Collins, Christopher R. McNeill, Daniel A. Fischer, Dean M. DeLongchamp
Summary: This article introduces a polarized resonant soft x-ray scattering (RSoXS) station designed and built by the National Institute of Standards and Technology, located at the National Synchrotron Light Source-II (NSLS-II) in Brookhaven National Laboratory, New York. The station is optimized for measurements on soft matter systems, with a focus on minimizing beam damage and maximizing collection efficiency of polarized x-rays, utilizing novel optical design, sample manipulator and sample environments, and detector setups.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-CONDENSED MATTER
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daisuke Sawada, Yoshiharu Nishiyama, Riddhi Shah, V. Trevor Forsyth, Estelle Mossou, Hugh Michael O'Neill, Masahisa Wada, Paul Langan
Summary: The study reveals that during mercerization of bacterial cellulose, chains fold back on themselves in a zigzag pattern to form crystalline anti-parallel domains. This finding provides important insights into the molecular-level mechanism of this industrial process.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrew J. Peloquin, Jena M. McCollum, Colin D. McMillen, William T. Pennington
Summary: This article discusses a new deep eutectic solvent based on halogen bonding, which is different from the majority of DESs that rely on ionic components. The newly developed deep eutectic solvent remains in liquid form, with a eutectic melting temperature at different 1,3-dithiane mole fractions.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nisha Rani, Harpreet Singh Kainth, Ankita Garg, Deeksha Khandelwal, Sukhpal Singh, Gurjeet Singh
Summary: The study systematically investigates the energy changes in the X-ray peaks of different cerium materials, providing valuable insights into the local structure and binding energy effects. The findings reveal energy shifts in the X-ray lines of different cerium materials, and discuss the promising connection between energy shifts and influencing parameters.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Antti Kivimaki, Tomasz J. Wasowicz, Robert Richter
Summary: The dissociation of water molecules after soft X-ray absorption can generate neutral fragments in high-Rydberg states, with a special emphasis on the region within 1 eV above the O ionization potential. The process involves complex reactions, including the recapture of photoelectrons and the emission of fast Auger electrons.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Loku Singgappulige Rosantha Kumara, Kyohei Ishikawa, Keisuke Ide, Hideo Hosono, Toshio Kamiya, Osami Sakata
Summary: This study confirms the strong influence of impurity hydrogen on subgap electronic states in amorphous In-Ga-Zn-O thin-film transistors using different sputtering systems. By investigating the correlations between atomic-scale structures, electronic states, and impurity hydrogen content through X-ray diffraction and absorption techniques, it was found that hydrogen-passivated defects resulting from a specific sputtering condition can enhance TFT characteristics.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sunny Gupta, Xiaochen Yang, Gerbrand Ceder
Summary: In this study, the authors investigate the formation mechanism of soft clay-like Li-superionic conductors. By mixing rigid salts and promoting the formation of molecular solid units during anion exchange, they are able to create a material with softness and plasticity. This research provides fundamental insights and a general strategy for creating soft clay-like materials from a mixture of rigid salts.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lena Thorsson, Mattias Unosson, Maria Teresa Perez-Prado, Xueze Jin, Paola Tiberto, Gabriele Barrera, Bastian Adam, Nico Neuber, Amirhossein Ghavimi, Maximilian Frey, Ralf Busch, Isabella Gallino
Summary: An amorphous rotor with complex 3D geometry was successfully produced using additive manufacturing. The rotor exhibits excellent hardness, electrical resistivity, and magnetic susceptibility.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Johannes Moeller, Mario Reiser, Joerg Hallmann, Ulrike Boesenberg, Alexey Zozulya, Hendrik Rahmann, Anna-Lena Becker, Fabian Westermeier, Thomas Zinn, Michael Sprung, Theyencheri Narayanan, Christian Gutt, Anders Madsen
Summary: The X-ray speckle visibility spectroscopy (XSVS) technique has been successfully applied to study the dynamics of radiation sensitive biological samples at low doses, allowing for the observation of static, frozen speckle patterns. This technique, when combined with new generation X-ray sources, shows great potential for further investigations of protein dynamics.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kun'ichi Miyazawa, Takuro Nagai, Koji Kimoto, Masaru Yoshitake, Yumi Tanaka
Summary: The surface atomic structure of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) substrate exfoliated with adhesive tape was analyzed, revealing disordered and curved graphene layers on the exfoliated surface along with reactions with atmospheric water and oxygen molecules.
SURFACE AND INTERFACE ANALYSIS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nitish Mathur, Fehmi S. Yasin, Matthew J. Stolt, Takuro Nagai, Koji Kimoto, Haifeng Du, Mingliang Tian, Yoshinori Tokura, Xiuzhen Yu, Song Jin
Summary: By investigating the temperature-dependent magnetic field-driven creation and annihilation processes of SkS in B20 FeGe nanostructures, this study reveals unique magnetoresistance features and stability regime of SkS in nanostructures.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ovidiu Cretu, Akimitsu Ishizuka, Keiichi Yanagisawa, Kazuo Ishizuka, Koji Kimoto
Summary: In this study, the distribution of electric fields in hexagonal boron nitride was mapped down to the atomic level using differential phase contrast imaging inside a scanning transmission electron microscope. Enhanced electric fields were observed around boron monovacancies and extended defects, providing insights into the properties of this material and confirming previous predictions regarding their stability. This research encourages further experiments and dynamic studies coupled with in situ techniques to explore the limits of the imaging technique.
Article
Microscopy
Fumihiko Uesugi, Shogo Koshiya, Jun Kikkawa, Takuro Nagai, Kazutaka Mitsuishi, Koji Kimoto
Summary: The study explores the application of the combination of 4D-STEM and NMF techniques in material characterization, demonstrating the potential and practicality through the analysis of titanium oxide nanosheets to deduce different diffraction patterns. This combination is expected to become a standard characterization technique for a wide range of materials.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Licong Peng, Fehmi S. Yasin, Tae-Eon Park, Sung Jong Kim, Xichao Zhang, Takuro Nagai, Koji Kimoto, Seonghoon Woo, Xiuzhen Yu
Summary: This study demonstrates the ability to switch between Neel and Bloch-type magnetic twists in the 2D van der Waals magnet Fe3GeTe2. Experimental results show that the modulation wavevector q of the magnetizations behaves differently in different structures, exhibiting specific patterns of modulation.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Yunqing Kang, Bo Jiang, Victor Malgras, Yanna Guo, Ovidiu Cretu, Koji Kimoto, Aditya Ashok, Zhe Wan, Hexing Li, Yoshiyuki Sugahara, Yusuke Yamauchi, Toru Asahi
Summary: A 2D heterostructure consisting of amorphous nickel boron oxide and crystalline mesoporous iridium has been designed for water splitting, showing superior electrochemical performance in both oxygen evolution reaction and hydrogen evolution reaction. The well-defined heterostructure and strong interfacial coupling contribute to abundant catalytically active heterointerfaces and boosted exposure of active sites. Tuning the electronic state of the iridium sites by hybridizing with nickel boron oxide layers further enhances the overall performance of the heterostructures.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Han Zhang, Yu Jimbo, Akira Niwata, Akihiro Ikeda, Akira Yasuhara, Cretu Ovidiu, Koji Kimoto, Takeshi Kasaya, Hideki T. Miyazaki, Naohito Tsujii, Hongxin Wang, Yasushi Yamauchi, Daisuke Fujita, Shin-ichi Kitamura, Hironobu Manabe
Summary: The study developed a LaB6 nanowire-based electron source that emitted a highly collimated electron beam with good lateral and angular alignment. The electron source demonstrated excellent performance in achieving atomic resolution in both broad-beam and probe-forming modes.
NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Takanori Asano, Manabu Tezura, Masumi Saitoh, Hiroki Tanaka, Jun Kikkawa, Koji Kimoto
Summary: We observed the nanoscale distribution of subgap excitations induced by Ga-ion beam processing in beta-Si3N4 using electron energy-loss spectroscopy. By combining crystallinity, composition, and bandgap measurements, we found that defects excited at different energy levels exhibit different dependence trends with respect to crystallinity. This proposed technique can effectively distinguish between various amorphous materials.
APPLIED PHYSICS EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Flavien Sciortino, Ovidiu Cretu, Vasilios Karanikolas, Fabien Grasset, Stephane Cordier, Katsuhiko Ariga, Takashi Kuroda, Koji Kimoto
Summary: In this study, we investigated the plasmon resonances of core-shell Au@Mo-6 nanoparticles and found that the plasmon resonance energy can be controlled by varying the thickness of the Mo-6 cluster shells. Our experimental results were supported by numerical simulations.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shota Fukuma, Akira Chikamatsu, Tsukasa Katayama, Takahiro Maruyama, Keiichi Yanagisawa, Koji Kimoto, Miho Kitamura, Koji Horiba, Hiroshi Kumigashira, Yasushi Hirose, Tetsuya Hasegawa
Summary: Layered ruthenium oxyfluorides possess various crystal structures and Ru oxidation states, exhibiting unique physical properties. This study investigates the fluorination process of layered ruthenates containing smaller Ca ions and fabricates phase-pure and single-crystalline thin films of Ca2RuO2.5F2. It finds that local distortion plays a crucial role in the topochemical fluorination of ruthenates and affects the crystal and electronic structures of the reactants.
PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ovidiu Cretu, Dai-Ming Tang, Da-Bao Lu, Bo Da, Yoshihiro Nemoto, Naoyuki Kawamoto, Masanori Mitome, Zejun Ding, Koji Kimoto
Summary: We have mapped the temperature distribution of suspended carbon nanotubes at the 5-nm level inside a transmission electron microscope using electron energy-loss plasmon spectroscopy. The results show that these nanotubes can withstand extremely high current densities and temperatures, confirming them as ideal candidates for interconnects.
Correction
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zichao Lian, Yoichi Kobayashi, Junie Jhon M. Vequizo, Chandana Sampath Kumara Ranasinghe, Akira Yamakata, Takuro Nagai, Koji Kimoto, Katsuaki Kobayashi, Koji Tanaka, Toshiharu Teranishi, Masanori Sakamoto
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Morito Namba, Hiroshi Takatsu, Riho Mikita, Yao Sijia, Kantaro Murayama, Hao-Bo Li, Ryo Terada, Cedric Tassel, Hiroki Ubukata, Masayuki Ochi, Regino Saez-Puche, Elias Palacios Latasa, Naoki Ishimatsu, Daisuke Shiga, Hiroshi Kumigashira, Katsuki Kinjo, Shunsaku Kitagawa, Kenji Ishida, Takahito Terashima, Koji Fujita, Takeaki Mashiko, Keiichi Yanagisawa, Koji Kimoto, Hiroshi Kageyama
Summary: In this study, an anionic approach was demonstrated to induce intersite charge transfer (ICT) in the oxyhydride perovskite EuVO2H, resulting in increased conductivity and transition temperature (T-C). Furthermore, a large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy was observed in thin films, providing new possibilities for materials with novel functions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jun Kikkawa, Koji Kimoto
Summary: In this study, a method for temperature measurement using monochromated electron probes is reported. Based on the principle of balancing between the annihilation and creation of phonons, this method enables the investigation of local static and dynamic thermal properties in various materials and devices. The use of acoustic phonons improves the accuracy of low-temperature measurements.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jun Kikkawa, Takashi Taniguchi, Koji Kimoto
Summary: This study demonstrates nanometric measurements of phonon dispersions and mapping using a heterojunction of diamond and c-BN single crystals, with high spatial/energy resolution instruments and techniques. The results show that the total scattering cross sections of optical and acoustic-phonon modes in diamond and c-BN are on the order of 10-5 nm2.
