Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bing-Chun Liu, Fang-Yuan Liu, Xin-Yue Gao, Yang-Lin Chen, Qiao-Qiao Meng, Yong-Li Song, Xi-He Li, Si-Qin Bao
Summary: The study reveals that Wnt signaling plays a crucial role in driving human pluripotent stem cells towards neural stem cells differentiation and maintaining their self-renewal. CLNSCs exhibit spinal cord properties and high proliferative capacity, providing a new cell model for investigating neurogenesis mechanisms and potential applications in regenerative medicine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui Zhang, Shuai Yu, Qiaoyan Shen, Wenxu Zhao, Juqing Zhang, Xiaolong Wu, Zhenshuo Zhu, Xiaojie Wu, Na Li, Sha Peng, Jinlian Hua
Summary: The study discovered that overexpression of the porcine AXIN2 gene significantly decreased the survival and pluripotency of piPSCs, while knockdown of AXIN2, a negative effector of the WNT signaling pathway, enhanced genes related to cell cycle but reduced genes associated with cell differentiation, death, and apoptosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Sheng Yang, Zhen Liu, Shengda Wu, Lang Zou, Yanpei Cao, Hongjia Xu, Jingfeng Huang, Qingyan Tian, Fanggui Wu, Panpan Li, Shuping Peng, Cijun Shuai
Summary: This study successfully induced primordial germ cells and oocytes from human iPSCs, and facilitated oocyte differentiation through activation of the Wnt signaling pathway and reconstruction of ovarian nests.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ying Zhang, Jun Wei, Jiani Cao, Kehua Zhang, Yaojin Peng, Hongkui Deng, Jiuhong Kang, Guangjin Pan, Yong Zhang, Boqiang Fu, Shijun Hu, Jie Na, Yan Liu, Lei Wang, Lingmin Liang, Huanxin Zhu, Yu Zhang, Zi-Bing Jin, Jie Hao, Aijin Ma, Tongbiao Zhao, Junying Yu
Summary: "Requirements for Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells" is the first set of guidelines in China on human-induced pluripotent stem cells. It provides detailed technical requirements and aims to promote international standardization.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Matthew R. Arkenberg, Yoshitomo Ueda, Eri Hashino, Chien-Chi Lin
Summary: This study established the first 3D hydrogel system for in situ differentiation of human iPSCs into pancreatic progenitors (PP). Differentiation of iPSCs in 3D led to the emergence of diverse cell populations, including pan-endodermal cells, ductal cells, and extraembryonic cells. The unexpected emergence of extraembryonic cells in 3D was associated with the enrichment of Wnt and BMP signaling pathways. Restoring the expression of PP signature genes PDX1 and NKX6.1 was achieved through inhibition of Wnt signaling at the beginning of the posterior foregut stage.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Xiaotong Wang, Mengyuan Qu, Zili Li, Yuting Long, Kai Hong, Honggang Li
Summary: The study developed a protocol to induce spermatogonial stem cell-like cells (SSCLCs) from human pluripotent stem cells, revealing that a combination of low concentrations of VPA and VC was most effective in inducing SSCLCs expressing spermatogonial genes. RNA-seq analysis showed upregulated genes in the Wnt signaling pathway during SSCLC induction. Additionally, hiPSC lines from non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA) patients exhibited decreased SSCLC induction efficiency and reduced expression of genes in the Wnt signaling pathway. The study suggests that the inactivation of the Wnt signaling pathway may be associated with SSC depletion in azoospermia testes.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Fengyuan Wang, Lin Yin, Wei Zhang, Yanhong Tang, Xi Wang, Congxin Huang
Summary: The effects of BMP and Wnt signaling pathways on the differentiation of SAN-like pacemaker cells (SANLPCs) were investigated in this study. The results showed that the combination of BMP4 and CHIR treatment promotes the differentiation of SANLPCs from hiPSCs and enhances their gene expression and functional characteristics.
CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Julia Vallverdu, Raquel A. Martinez Garcia de la Torre, Inge Mannaerts, Stefaan Verhulst, Ayla Smout, Mar Coll, Silvia Arino, Teresa Rubio-Tomas, Beatriz Aguilar-Bravo, Celia Martinez-Sanchez, Delia Blaya, Catherine M. Verfaillie, Leo A. van Grunsven, Pau Sancho-Bru
Summary: Human iPSCs are differentiated into HSCs with growth factors for in vitro modeling. The protocol yields iPSC-HSCs with phenotypic and functional characteristics of primary HSCs, suitable for high-throughput in vitro studies. Coculturing iPSC-HSCs with hepatocytes allows for the formation of 3D hepatic spheroids, enabling modeling and drug screening studies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tianyuan Shi, Martin Cheung
Summary: Using rodents for modeling neurological diseases has limitations due to differences in genetics, neural development, and physiology between humans and rodents. In the past decade, induced pluripotent stem cells and induced neural stem cells generated through reprogramming somatic cells have offered a powerful alternative for studying disease pathogenesis and testing regenerative medicines. Urine-derived stem cells are an ideal cell source for reprogramming due to their proliferation, multipotency, epithelial nature, and ease of reprogramming.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yue Su, Ling Wang, Zhiqiang Fan, Ying Liu, Jiaqi Zhu, Deborah Kaback, Julia Oudiz, Tayler Patrick, Siu Pok Yee, Xiuchun (Cindy) Tian, Irina Polejaeva, Young Tang
Summary: This study successfully generated biPSCs with long-term self-renewal capacity and pluripotent characteristics from bovine mesenchymal stem cells. The cells exhibited morphological changes under different culture conditions, and transcriptome analysis showed high similarity to bovine ESCs and embryos. The naive-like biPSCs also demonstrated the ability to integrate into extra-embryonic tissues.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Hong Cao, Qian Zhou, Chungeng Liu, Yecen Zhang, Minghui Xie, Weihua Qiao, Nianguo Dong
Summary: This study investigates the effect of substrate stiffness on the differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (h-iPSCs) into valve endothelial-like cells (h-iVECs). The results show that moderate substrate stiffness can enhance the differentiation efficiency of h-iVECs and is regulated by the WNT/Calcineurin signaling pathway. This study emphasizes the importance of using substrate stiffness to achieve a more specific and mature differentiation of h-iVECs.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Paria Bayati, Marjan Taherian, Mansoureh Soleimani, Hamid Farajifard, Nazanin Mojtabavi
Summary: This study assessed the potential of induced pluripotent stem cells (IPS) in modulating the expression of cardinal genes involved in the Wnt signaling pathway in a mouse model of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). The results showed that IPS cell treatment significantly alleviated fibrotic lesions and inflammation, and regulated the expression of key genes in the Wnt pathway.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Vahid Hosseini, Ashkan Kalantary-Charvadeh, Maryam Hajikarami, Parisa Fayyazpour, Reza Rahbarghazi, Mehdi Totonchi, Masoud Darabi
Summary: The study utilized a small molecule SCD1 inhibitor to modulate early endodermal differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells, demonstrating that inhibiting SCD1 attenuates the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and maintains the pluripotent state of cells while preventing their differentiation into other germ layers.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Dwaipayan Adhya, Vivek Swarup, Roland Nagy, Lucia Dutan, Carole Shum, Eva P. Valencia-Alarcon, Kamila Maria Jozwik, Maria Andreina Mendez, Jamie Horder, Eva Loth, Paulina Nowosiad, Irene Lee, David Skuse, Frances A. Flinter, Declan Murphy, Grainne McAlonan, Daniel H. Geschwind, Jack Price, Jason Carroll, Deepak P. Srivastava, Simon Baron-Cohen
Summary: The study suggests that autism-iPSCs diverge from control-iPSCs at a cellular level during early neurodevelopment, indicating unique developmental differences associated with autism may be established at early prenatal stages.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Samantha E. Spellicy, David C. Hess
Summary: Inflammation is a key contributing factor to the pathogenesis of stroke, leading to increased oxidative stress and neuronal cell death. Recent research has shown that induced pluripotent stem cells have the potential to suppress neuroinflammation, mainly by modulating inflammatory signaling and endogenous inflammatory cell populations.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jay B. Lusk, Quintin J. Quinones, Janet S. Staats, Kent J. Weinhold, Peter M. Grossi, Shahid M. Nimjee, Daniel T. Laskowitz, Michael L. James
Summary: This study explores and validates the feasibility of an integrated hematoma evacuation and sample preservation system in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). By using flow cytometry analysis, it is found that the composition of white blood cells in hematoma samples differs from that in peripheral blood of healthy controls, providing important insights into neuroinflammation associated with ICH.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Prameet Kaur, Ellora Hui Zhen Chua, Wen Kin Lim, Jiarui Liu, Nathan Harmston, Nicholas S. Tolwinski
Summary: In this study, the researchers used an optogenetic model to investigate the effect of Wnt signaling on amyloid-beta in patients with Alzheimer's disease. They found that Wnt activation can rescue the detrimental effects of amyloid expression and oligomerization, and identified changes in gene expression related to aging, protein misfolding, metabolism, and inflammation. They proposed that Wnt expression reduces inflammation through repression of Toll activating factors.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Megan Shepherd-Banigan, Connor Drake, Jessica R. Dietch, Abigail Shapiro, Amir Alishahi Tabriz, Elizabeth E. Van Voorhees, Diya M. Uthappa, Tsai-Wei Wang, Jay B. Lusk, Stephanie Salcedo Rossitch, Jessica Fulton, Adelaide Gordon, Belinda Ear, Sarah Cantrell, Jennifer M. Gierisch, John W. Williams, Karen M. Goldstein
Summary: This study systematically reviews the literature on interventions for individuals with both homelessness and serious mental illness. It examines the strategies used to promote engagement in primary care, the integration of primary care with other services, and the complexity of these interventions. The findings highlight gaps for future intervention research and program development.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Andy J. Liu, Jay B. Lusk, John Ervin, James Burke, Richard O'Brien, Shih-Hsiu J. Wang
Summary: Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a neurodevelopmental disorder caused by gene mutations, which also has neurodegenerative symptoms associated with phosphorylated tau aggregation. This study suggests that hyperactivation of the mTOR pathway may play a role in the development of tau aggregation independent of amyloid. These findings could contribute to the development of new therapies targeting tau pathology in both TSC and Alzheimer's disease.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jay B. Lusk, Jesse Troy, Nathaniel Nowacki, Peter G. Kranz, Maureen Maughan, Daniel T. Laskowitz, Michael L. James
Summary: This study provides initial insights into the longitudinal associations between neuroinflammatory biomarkers and the development of perihematomal edema and secondary tissue injury after ICH in humans. The identified biomarkers could potentially be used as surrogate markers for treatment effect in novel therapies targeting neuroinflammation after ICH.
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jay B. Lusk, Molly N. Hoffman, Amy G. Clark, Jonathan Bae, Leonor Corsino, Bradley G. Hammill
Article
Cell Biology
Lucian B. Tomaz, Bernard A. Liu, M. Meroshini, Sheena L. M. Ong, Ee Kim Tan, Nicholas S. Tolwinski, Christopher S. Williams, Anne-Claude Gingers, Marc Leushacke, N. Ray Dunn
Summary: This study investigates the role of MCC gene in colorectal cancer and its contribution to intestinal homeostasis. MCC is expressed in proliferating crypt cells and associated with the centrosome. During intestinal cellular differentiation, MCC relocates to the apical domain of villus cells, where non-centrosomal microtubule organizing centers are positioned. The shuttling of MCC protein is dependent on phosphorylation by casein kinases 18 and e, critical modulators of WNT signaling. These findings highlight the importance of MCC in establishing and maintaining the cellular architecture of the intestinal epithelium.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jay B. B. Lusk, Ailin Song, Shakthi Unnithan, Hussein R. R. Al-Khalidi, Alen Delic, Adam de Havenon, Valerie Biousse, Matthew Schrag, Sven Poli, Jonathan P. P. Piccini, Ying Xian, Emily C. C. O'Brien, Brian Mac Grory
Summary: This retrospective observational cohort study found an inverse association between atrial fibrillation (AF) and central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) in a large representative sample of hospitalized patients. This study contributes to our understanding of the relationship between AF and CRAO.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Prabhat Tiwari, Nicholas S. Tolwinski
Summary: A dementia case is diagnosed every three seconds worldwide, with 50-60% of cases being caused by Alzheimer's disease (AD). The deposition of amyloid beta (Aβ) is believed to be correlated with the onset of dementia, although it remains unclear whether Aβ is causative. Optogenetic techniques provide a precise way to regulate cellular dynamics and could offer a better understanding of the etiology of AD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jay B. Lusk, Molly N. Hoffman, Amy G. Clark, Jonathan Bae, Matthew W. Luedke, Bradley G. Hammill
Summary: This study aims to investigate the association between neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation and 30-day mortality and readmission rates for patients with neurologic disorders. The findings, based on data from over 900,000 patients, reveal that patients residing in neighborhoods with higher levels of socioeconomic deprivation have higher mortality rates for most disease categories. Therefore, strategies to improve health outcomes for patients should take into account the impact of neighborhood environments.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Deborah Rose, Annie Cavalier, Wayneho Kam, Sarah Cantrell, Jay Lusk, Matthew Schrag, Shadi Yaghi, Christoph Stretz, Adam de Havenon, Ian J. Saldanha, Teddy Y. Wu, Anna Ranta, P. Alan Barber, Elizabeth Marriott, Wayne Feng, Andrzej S. Kosinski, Daniel Laskowitz, Sven Poli, Brian Mac Grory
Summary: This study compared the risk of treatment complications between intravenous tenecteplase and alteplase in acute ischemic stroke. It found that the risks of complications were generally comparable between the two agents in medium- and low-dose tiers.
Review
Emergency Medicine
Sarah Meulendyks, Daniel Korpal, Helen Jingshu Jin, Sameer Mal, Jacob Pace
Summary: Emergency Department (ED) airway registries are formal methods used to collect and document airway practices and outcomes. This review found that airway registry data is used for quality assurance, quality improvement, and clinical research. Standardized definitions of first-pass success and peri-intubation adverse events can allow for better comparison of airway management performance and the development of reliable international benchmarks.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF TRAUMA RESUSCITATION & EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jay B. Lusk, Anna Covington, Li Liu, Daniel P. Weikel, Yi-Ju Li, Padmini Sekar, Stacie L. Demel, Yasmin N. Aziz, Chelsea S. Kidwell, Daniel Woo, Michael L. James
Summary: The study evaluated the association between hyperglycemia, ischemic lesions, and functional outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). It found that a medical history of diabetes and the presence of DWI lesions were independently associated with poor functional outcomes after ICH, but no association was found between hyperglycemia and DWI lesions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Jay B. Lusk, Molly N. Hoffman, Amy G. Clark, Hannah Mahoney, Beau Blass, Jonathan Bae, Deepshikha C. Ashana, Christopher E. Cox, Bradley G. Hammill
Summary: Neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation may be a key factor driving poor health outcomes for patients with pulmonary diseases.
ANNALS OF THE AMERICAN THORACIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jay B. Lusk, Haolin Xu, Laine E. Thomas, Lauren W. Cohen, Adrian F. Hernandez, Christopher B. Forrest, Henry J. Michtalik, Kisha Batey Turner, Emily C. O'Brien, Nadine J. Barrett
Summary: Disparities in COVID-19 outcomes among healthcare workers based on race/ethnicity persist even after adjusting for individual and community characteristics. Black and Asian participants are more likely to experience negative impacts, while Hispanic participants are more likely to be infected with COVID-19.