Article
Reproductive Biology
Yoshihiro Hayashi, Shun Saito, Hanako Bai, Masashi Takahashi, Manabu Kawahara
Summary: Cellular differentiation induces morphological changes in mitochondria, with elongation observed in preimplantation embryos. The study found tissue-specific mitochondrial maturation in blastocyst embryos, with complete elongation in the trophectoderm (TE) compared to the inner cell mass (ICM).
Article
Cell Biology
Qingrui Zhuan, Jun Li, Xingzhu Du, Luyao Zhang, Lin Meng, Keren Cheng, Shien Zhu, Yunpeng Hou, Xiangwei Fu
Summary: Maternal aging can affect the quality and developmental competence of ovulated oocytes by compromising germinal vesicle breakdown, increasing reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial Ca2+ levels, and decreasing mitochondrial temperature. The expression and localization changes of FoxO3a and Nampt play crucial roles in regulating cell survival and mitochondrial function in aged oocytes. Suppression of Nampt may further impair mitochondrial function in aged oocytes, as shown by decreased ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential levels.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Katarzyna Czajkowska, Anna Ajduk
Summary: Maternal aging leads to decreased oocyte quality and developmental potential. Maternally aged oocytes can present as either normal or shrunken morphology. Shrunken oocytes exhibit compromised mitochondrial functionality, while normal oocytes have higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The shrunken phenotype is likely related to postovulatory aging rather than solely maternal aging.
Review
Neurosciences
Heather M. Wilkins, Russell H. Swerdlow
Summary: Advancing age is a major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. The relationship between aging and AD is complex and requires further research to definitively understand.
TRANSLATIONAL NEURODEGENERATION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Yifang He, Qianzhao Ji, Zeming Wu, Yusheng Cai, Jian Yin, Yiyuan Zhang, Sheng Zhang, Xiaoqian Liu, Weiqi Zhang, Guang-Hui Liu, Si Wang, Moshi Song, Jing Qu
Summary: Research shows that the expression of 4E-BP1 decreases during the senescence of human stem cells. The absence of 4E-BP1 leads to abnormal mitochondrial respiration and increased production of reactive oxygen species, resulting in accelerated cellular senescence. However, ectopic expression of 4E-BP1 can alleviate mitochondrial abnormalities and cellular senescence, maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. This study provides a new potential target for counteracting human stem cell senescence.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiadan Qu, Yunyao Luo, Lifeng Qin, Jing Guo, Ling Zhu, Chong Li, Juan Xie, Chunmeng Shi, Guoning Huang, Jingyu Li
Summary: In this study, the near-infrared fluorophore IR-61 was found to accumulate in oocyte mitochondria and improve mitochondrial function in postovulatory aging. It also rescued oocyte quality and embryonic developmental potential. RNA sequencing analysis indicated that IR-61 might inhibit the oxidative stress pathway induced by postovulatory aging.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Hisataka Iwata
Summary: Resveratrol has been found to enhance mitochondrial biogenesis and degradation, aiding in the recovery of mitochondrial function and improving embryo development in cryopreservation.
REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Wei Zhong, Kexin Shen, Xiaohui Xue, Wei Wang, Weizhou Wang, Haiyang Zuo, Yiming Guo, Shun Yao, Mingyue Sun, Chunlan Song, Qihang Wang, Zhuolin Ruan, Xinyi Yao, Wei Shang
Summary: Single-cell multi-omics sequencing revealed that the trophectoderm (TE) of spindle transfer (ST) blastocysts is not representative of the inner cell mass (ICM) in terms of chromosome copy number.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Biology
Shannon Rausser, Caroline Trumpff, Marlon A. McGill, Alex Junker, Wei Wang, Siu-Hong Ho, Anika Mitchell, Kalpita R. Karan, Catherine Monk, Suzanne C. Segerstrom, Rebecca G. Reed, Martin Picard
Summary: Using a high-throughput mitochondrial phenotyping platform, this study quantified multiple mitochondrial features among different immune cell subtypes in humans, revealing natural variations in mtDNA copy number, citrate synthase, and respiratory chain enzymatic activities in various cell types. The results showed that cell type distributions and contaminating platelets can confound mitochondrial measures. Age- and sex-related differences in mitochondrial features were observed, with age-related elevation in mtDNAcn often masked in mixed PBMCs. A proof-of-concept study in a single individual also demonstrated cell type differences and week-to-week changes in mitochondrial activities. Validation and mechanistic studies are needed to further explore these findings.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mika Ozaki, Tuan Dat Le, Yoshihiro H. Inoue
Summary: This study investigated whether moderate mtDNA damage in adult Drosophila muscles would accelerate aging. The accumulation of mtDNA damage was found to impair mitochondrial activity and contribute to muscle aging.
Article
Cell Biology
Akifumi Ijuin, Hiroe Ueno, Tomonari Hayama, Shunsuke Miyai, Ai Miyakoshi, Haru Hamada, Sumiko Sueyoshi, Shiori Tochihara, Marina Saito, Haruka Hamanoue, Teppei Takeshima, Yasushi Yumura, Etsuko Miyagi, Hiroki Kurahashi, Hideya Sakakibara, Mariko Murase
Summary: This study found that during the process of embryo culture, the number of aneuploid cells significantly decreased and the proportion of healthy embryos significantly increased. Additionally, mitochondrial mutations may lead to decreased mitochondrial function and affect embryonic development. Therefore, analyzing the number of mitochondrial mutations may be a novel method to select better mosaic embryos for transfer.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiaoxian Guo, Weilin Xu, Weiping Zhang, Cuiping Pan, Anna E. Thalacker-Mercer, Hongxiang Zheng, Zhenglong Gu
Summary: Research suggests that decline in mitochondrial function is a key factor in aging and age-related diseases, and the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations in these processes is not fully understood. A cost-effective mtDNA sequencing protocol called scSTAMP was developed to investigate patterns of mtDNA mutations at the single-cell level. Results from single-cell sequencing of B lymphocytes and monocytes from an elderly female showed that over 50% of cells carried at least one mtDNA mutation, with a high prevalence of mutations with functional significance.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Andrea Urbani, Elena Prosdocimi, Andrea Carrer, Vanessa Checchetto, Ildiko Szabo
Summary: Mitochondria are vital organelles involved in cell survival and death. Ion channels in the inner membrane of mitochondria play a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial function and ultimately affecting cell fate. Understanding the regulation of mitochondrial ion channels may lead to the identification of new therapeutic targets for mitochondria-related pathologies.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthias Mietsch, Rabea Hinkel
Summary: With the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, there is an urgent need for new treatment strategies. While stem cell based approaches have shown promise in improving cardiac functions, recent research has highlighted the potential importance of mitochondria in these treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sargunadevi Sivanantham, Mahalakshmi Saravanan, Nidhi Sharma, Jayashree Shrinivasan, Ramesh Raja
Summary: This study confirms that the morphology of the inner cell mass (ICM) of the blastocyst is a stronger predictor of implantation and clinical pregnancy than that of the trophectoderm (TE), and can be utilized as a biomarker of viability.