Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rui-Xi Yang, Bei Chen, Yun Zhang, Yao Yang, Shu Xie, Lin He, Jian Shi
Summary: We report a case of a patient initially misdiagnosed with subdural effusion, who was eventually diagnosed with chronic subdural empyema caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The patient showed improvement after urgent surgery and antibiotic treatment.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hao-Fang Lu, Chung-Tai Yue, Woon-Man Kung
Summary: Subdural empyema, caused by various pathogens, typically presents with fever, headache, seizures, and altered consciousness. Salmonella infections, although rare, can lead to atypical symptoms such as gastrointestinal disturbance. Important for pathogen-specific treatment and successful patient outcomes.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Dimah Hasan, Omid Nikoubashman, Rastislav Pjontek, Andrea Stockero, Hussam Aldin Hamou, Martin Wiesmann
Summary: This study aimed to describe the MRI characteristics of chronic subdural hematoma (cSDH) and determine various MRI patterns. Results showed that the signal characteristics of cSDH on T1- and T2-weighted images were heterogeneous, with the majority of hematomas displaying internal septations. Contrast enhancement along the outer membrane adjacent to the cranium was observed in all hematomas, and contrast enhancement along the inner membrane adjacent to the brain was seen in approximately one-third of the hematomas. Around 62% of cSDH showed mass-like enhancement. Most hematomas appeared partially hypointense on T2*-GRE and/or susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), and restricted diffusion was detected in approximately one-third of the hematomas. Consistent contrast enhancement, triangular-shaped contrast enhancement at the borders of the cSDH, and infrequent enhancement of the inner membrane may be helpful in distinguishing cSDH from other entities.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Sudhanshu Shekhar, Heidi A. Amdal, Fernanda Cristina Petersen
Summary: Mucosal immunization with S. mitis serotype 5 protects mice against S. pneumoniae serotype 5 infection and induces Th17 and predominant serotype-specific IgG/IgA antibody responses against pneumococcal infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
A. Kumaria, E. K. Lucas, S. A. Crusz, S. P. S. Howarth, M. Cartmill
Summary: This article reports a case of an infected spinal dermoid cyst caused by Lawsonella clevelandensis, which is the first reported case of this bacterium causing infection in a child and the second reported case of spinal infection caused by this organism.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Helina Marshall, Ricardo J. Jose, Mogens Kilian, Fernanda C. Petersen, Jeremy S. Brown
Summary: Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus mitis are closely related genetically, but the former can resist complement attack while the latter cannot, leading to differences in their pathogenicity.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Yahan Wei, Camille I. Sturges, Kelli L. Palmer
Summary: Using transcriptomic analyses, this study reveals the biological processes of S. mitis that respond to the presence of human serum, improving our understanding of S. mitis physiology in human host conditions.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Sophie Belman, Chrispin Chaguza, Narender Kumar, Stephanie Lo, Stephen D. Bentley
Summary: Mitis group Streptococcus are bacteria that live in the human nasopharynx and oral cavity. Some of them are commensal species while others are pathogenic. The presence of polysaccharide capsule is a major difference between commensal and pathogenic species. Ancient genomes can provide insights into the evolutionary history and virulence factors of streptococci.
MICROBIAL GENOMICS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Yahan Wei, Luke R. Joyce, Ashley M. Wall, Ziqiang Guan, Kelli L. Palmer
Summary: This study revealed that Streptococcus pneumoniae, S. oralis, and S. mitis produce a Gro-P-linked glycolipid through a PG-dependent, ltaS-independent mechanism. The glycolipid biology of these bacteria features a novel mechanism for glycolipid synthesis. The ltaS gene in S. mitis plays a beneficial role in sensitivity to human serum, although its exact function remains to be defined.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Youngkyung Jung, Carolyn Lai
Summary: Subdural empyemas (SDEs) are rare complications of intracranial infection, usually presenting as a hypodense collection with peripheral contrast enhancement. This study reports two unusual cases of SDE without contrast enhancement, both caused by group A streptococcus.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Baohu Zhang, Jie Zhou, Guancong Xie, Li Zhang, Yang Zhang, Kangli Xu, Tianyuan Feng, Shucai Yang
Summary: S. mitis/oralis is a common contaminant in urine, but it can also lead to bacterial endocarditis and liver abscesses. A 66-year-old male patient was admitted to the hospital due to recurrent chest tightness and exertional dyspnea. On the second day of admission, the patient presented with urgent and frequent urination, as well as dysuria. Both initial and subsequent urine cultures showed S. mitis/oralis infection, and phagocytosis of polymorphonuclear leukocytes was observed. Drug susceptibility testing revealed multidrug resistance to several antibiotics, but sensitivity to certain antibiotics. The patient was treated with vancomycin, which was effective.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Emma J. Laws, Lluis Sanchez, Elsa Beltran, Elisabet Dominguez, Abel B. Ekiri, Josep Brocal, Luisa De Risio
Summary: This multicenter retrospective study aimed to describe the clinical presentation and outcome of dogs undergoing spinal surgery or conservative management for canine spinal epidural empyema (SEE). The study found that there was no significant difference in long-term outcome between conservatively and surgically treated dogs, although more surgically treated dogs were non-ambulatory at presentation. Age may serve as a negative prognostic indicator for long-term outcomes.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Airi Matsumoto, Atsushi Tabata, Kazuto Ohkura, Hiroki Oda, Chihiro Kodama, Hisashi Ohkuni, Ayuko Takao, Ken Kikuchi, Toshifumi Tomoyasu, Hideaki Nagamune
Summary: The study identified a candidate virulence factor named mitilectin (MLC) in Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae, Streptococcus mitis, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, which exhibited lipase activity and human cell-binding activity, serving as an important adhesion molecule for potential pathogenicity.
MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Mamiko Sakai, Kensuke Hotta, Ko Ikuta, Yasuharu Nakashima
Summary: This study reports two cases of SSDH associated with CSDH, both without a history of trauma. In both cases, leg symptoms of SSDH developed following the onset of CSDH, likely due to the migration of CSDH contents to the lumbar spine because of gravity.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Young Joo Lee, Jeonghun Lee, Byung Su Kwon, Youngsun Kim
Summary: Empyema caused by Streptococcus constellatus is rare in patients without underlying diseases, but physicians should consider this infection in community-acquired empyema in elderly individuals and treat it promptly with pleural drainage and antibiotics to prevent complications.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Brian Fiani, Syed A. Quadri, Mudassir Farooqui, Alessandra Cathel, Blake Berman, Jerry Noel, Javed Siddiqi
NEUROSURGICAL REVIEW
(2020)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Syed A. Quadri, Mudassir Farooqui, Asad Ikram, Atif Zafar, Muhammad Adnan Khan, Sajid S. Suriya, Chad F. Claus, Brian Fiani, Mohammed Rahman, Anirudh Ramachandran, Ian I. T. Armstrong, Muhammad A. Taqi, Martin M. Mortazavi
NEUROSURGICAL REVIEW
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Brian Fiani, Syed A. Quadri, Mudassir Farooqui, Massimo D'Apuzzo, Robert J. Rosser, Blake W. Berman, Jerry Noel, Xin S. Xin, Behnam Badie, Anirudh Ramachandran, Javed Siddiqi
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Atif Zafar, Syed A. Quadri, Mudassir Farooqui, Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez, Omid R. Hariri, Maryam Zulfiqar, Asad Ikram, Muhammad Adnan Khan, Sajid S. Suriya, Joel R. Nunez-Gonzalez, Stefan Posse, Martin M. Mortazavi, Howard Yonas
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Muhammad Asif Taqi, Ajeet Sodhi, Sajid S. Suriya, Syed A. Quadri, Mudassir Farooqui, Angelo A. Salvucci, Adriane Stefansen, Martin M. Mortazavi, Daniel Shepherd
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Maryam Zulfiqar, Fares Qeadan, Asad Ikram, Mudassir Farooqui, Sarah P. Richardson, Christopher S. Calder, Syed A. Quadri, Puja Mathur, Corey Ford, Santiago O. Gutierrez, Enrique Liera, Harry Snow, Joel N. Gonzalez, Atif Zafar
JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2019)
Article
Clinical Neurology
M. Asif Taqi, Sajid S. Suriya, Ajeet Sodhi, Syed A. Quadri, Mudassir Farooqui, Atif Zafar, Martin M. Mortazavi
NEUROSURGICAL FOCUS
(2019)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Atif Zafar, Syed A. Quadri, Mudassir Farooqui, Asad Ikram, Myranda Robinson, Blaine L. Hart, Marc C. Mabray, Catherine Vigil, Alan T. Tang, Mark L. Kahn, Howard Yonas, Michael T. Lawton, Helen Kim, Leslie Morrison
Review
Clinical Neurology
Brian Fiani, Syed A. Quadri, Alessandra Cathel, Mudassir Farooqui, Anirudh Ramachandran, Imran Siddiqi, Hammad Ghanchi, Atif Zafar, Blake W. Berman, Javed Siddiqi
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2019)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Haoqi Sun, Wolfgang Ganglberger, Ezhil Panneerselvam, Michael J. Leone, Syed A. Quadri, Balaji Goparaju, Ryan A. Tesh, Oluwaseun Akeju, Robert J. Thomas, M. Brandon Westover
Review
Clinical Neurology
Atif Zafar, Brian Fiani, Hamid Hadi, Mohammad Arshad, Alessandra Cathel, Muhammad Naeem, Matthew S. Parsons, Mudassir Farooqui, Abigail A. Bucklin, Michael J. Leone, Aqsa Baig, Syed A. Quadri
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mudassir Farooqui, Asad Ikram, Sajid Suriya, Sidra Saleem, Syed A. Quadri, Myranda Robinson, Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez, Fares Qeadan, Enrique Leira, Surojit Paul, Atif Zafar
Review
Clinical Neurology
Brian Fiani, Kasra John Sarhadi, Marisol Soula, Atif Zafar, Syed A. Quadri
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2020)
Article
Neurosciences
Brian Fiani, Mohammad Arsal Arshad, Emad Salman Shaikh, Aqsa Baig, Mudassir Farooqui, Muhammed Abubakar Ayub, Atif Zafar, Syed A. Quadri
Summary: Spinal cord injury is a debilitating condition that impacts physical, psychological, and social wellbeing of patients. Current management strategies include pharmacological treatment, surgical intervention, and neuroprotective approaches, but controversies still exist regarding optimal timing of interventions and use of certain medications. Despite lack of consensus, efforts are being made to update early treatment approaches and neuroprotective strategies to minimize neurologic injury and disability.
REVIEWS IN THE NEUROSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mudassir Farooqui, Sajid Suriya, Fares Qeadan, Catherine Vigil, Ashley Wegele, Asad Ikram, Syed A. Quadri, Myranda Robinson, Josanna Rodriguez-Lopez, Santiago Ortega-Gutierrez, Atif Zafar
Summary: The study found that HHT patients have higher prevalence of hypertension, anemia, chronic pulmonary disease, congestive heart failure, and cerebrovascular malformations compared to non-HHT patients. There is a need for a large prospective registry to further understand these associations.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Guilu He, Jianhao Lin, Jing Ye, Fobao Huang, Changzhi Yan, Zesi Liu, Xiuming Zhou, Qiao Li, Liang Zhang
Summary: This article introduces long tunneled external ventricular drain (LTEVD), which effectively avoids multiple surgeries by connecting an external shunt valve. It allows visual control of drainage flow, prolongs catheter indwelling time, and eliminates the need for multiple surgeries.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Vinay Suresh, H. S. Suresh, Bharath Raju, Himanshu Jindal, Ahmad Ozair
Summary: This study investigated the outcomes of postoperative discitis treated with debridement and a novel technique focused on reducing outpatient antibiotic requirement in a low- and middle-income country (LMIC) setting. The results showed that patients with medically refractory postoperative discitis potentially have good outcomes after debridement plus 2-week local antibiotic instillation in LMICs.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2024)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Beatrice C. Bono, Davide Milani, Fabio Ferreli, Simone Olei, Luca Raspagliesi, Maria Pia Tropeano, Giovanni B. Lasio, Federico Pessina
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Avi A. Gajjar, Shrey Patel, Raj Swaroop Lavadi, Rida Mitha, Rohit Prem Kumar, Tavis Taylor, Galal A. Elsayed, D. Kojo Hamilton, Nitin Agarwal
Summary: Art in neurosurgery has played a crucial role in the discipline for centuries. Medical illustrations help visualize anatomy and surgical procedures, contributing to education, surgical planning, and navigation.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Joaquin Perez Zabala, Yamila Basilotta Marquez, Romina Arganaraz, Beatriz Mantese
Summary: We present a low-cost and easily accessible adaptation system for stereotactic procedures in infants. By using a headband cast technique, a stereotactic biopsy was successfully performed in a 5-month-old patient, achieving precise targeting, histopathological diagnosis, and no associated complications.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2024)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Muhammad Kusdiansah, Arnau Benet, Yosuke Suzuki, Kenichi Haraguchi, Nakao Ota, Kosumo Noda, Rokuya Tanikawa
Summary: Fusiform vertebral artery aneurysms are difficult to treat, and endovascular and open microsurgical treatments are used for different situations. This report presents a case with complex anatomy and branch involvement and describes the treatment strategy used.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2024)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Victor M. Lu
Summary: This review emphasizes four essential domains that should be considered when interpreting pediatric neurosurgical SRMAs and provides examples to ensure accurate and effective interpretation of findings in this niche.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2024)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Lapo Bonosi, Angelo Torrente, Filippo Brighina, Cateno Concetto Tito Petralia, Pietro Merlino, Chiara Avallone, Vincenzo Gulino, Roberta Costanzo, Lara Brunasso, Domenico Gerardo Iacopino, Rosario Maugeri
Summary: Corticocortical evoked potentials (CCEPs) have emerged as a valuable intraoperative monitoring technique in eloquent brain tumor surgery, aiding in preserving critical functional areas. Current research shows the potential of CCEPs in guiding surgical decision making, reducing the risk of postoperative neurological deficits, and mapping functional connectivity, but further research and standardization are needed.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2024)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yuchen Duan, Dagang Feng, Min Zhu, Heng Qiu, Tong Li, Zhen Chen, Leiming Jiang, Yong Huang
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effect of different Modic changes (MC) grades on the cage subsidence rate after spinal interbody fusion surgery. A meta-analysis was conducted on relevant randomized controlled trials and cohort studies. The results showed that MC may be associated with a higher cage subsidence rate. With the increase in MC grades, the incidence of subsidence decreased gradually, but it was always higher than that in the non-Modic changes (NMC). Oblique lumbar interbody fusion may be a better treatment choice for lumbar degenerative disease with MC.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2024)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Brian F. Saway, Conor M. Cunningham, Mustafa Ismail, Alejandro M. Spiotta
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2024)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Joanna M. Roy, Michael M. Covell, Carmelo Venero Jr, Christian A. Bowers
Summary: Early exposure to neurosurgery during medical school is critical for improving recruitment into the specialty. However, about 30% of medical schools in the U.S. lack a neurosurgery program, limiting students' exposure to the field. Virtual education, facilitated by webinars during the pandemic, has advantages such as global outreach and accessibility for international medical students. This review identifies and describes 16 educational resources, serving as a guide for medical students interested in neurosurgery.
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2024)