Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Vishal Kumar Jaiswal, Piotr Kabacinski, Barbara E. Nogueira de Faria, Marziogiuseppe Gentile, Ana Maria de Paula, Rocio Borrego-Varillas, Artur Nenov, Irene Conti, Giulio Cerullo, Marco Garavelli
Summary: By combining UV transient absorption spectroscopy with sub-30-fs temporal resolution and CASPT2/MM calculations, this study provides a complete description of the primary photoinduced processes in solvated tryptophan. The role of the solvent in the relaxation dynamics of tryptophan is clarified, and evidence of vibrational coherence is presented.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Eyal Bahar, Uri Arieli, Maayan Vizner Stern, Haim Suchowski
Summary: By shaping the pulse and aligning its phase with the plasmon-resonance, the coherent control of photo-induced ultrafast dynamics in metallic nanostructures can enhance the second-order nonlinear emission. This study highlights the crucial role of coherent electronic nature and provides a theoretical framework for optimizing pulse shapes for enhanced nonlinear emission.
LASER & PHOTONICS REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Jakob Soltau, Markus Osterhoff, Tim Salditt
Summary: This novel approach to x-ray microscopy combines a multilayer zone plate with an iterative phase retrieval scheme to achieve high resolution and quantitative phase contrast.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Peng Peng, Yonghao Mi, Marianna Lytova, Mathew Britton, Xiaoyan Ding, A. Yu. Naumov, P. B. Corkum, D. M. Villeneuve
Summary: By generating quantum coherence in the ground electronic state of hydrogen molecules, we are able to control the absorption spectrum, making it negative at 12 eV, which is the optical gain. These findings offer new insights into controlling spectral lineshapes and pave the way for achieving lasing without inversion in the XUV spectral range.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hanui Kim, Jong Goo Kim, Tae Wu Kim, Sang Jin Lee, Shunsuke Nozawa, Shin-ichi Adachi, Kihwan Yoon, Joonghan Kim, Hyotcherl Ihee
Summary: Extensive studies have been conducted on the isomer species formed by photodissociation of haloalkanes in solution. However, the molecular structure of the precursor of the isomer and its in-cage isomerization mechanism remain elusive. The structural dynamics of CH2I2 upon 267 nm photoexcitation in methanol were probed with femtosecond X-ray solution scattering, revealing unusual characteristics consistent with either a vibrationally hot form of the CH2I-I isomer or the loosely-bound radical pair.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Ji-Cai Liu, Viktoriia Savchenko, Victor Kimberg, Faris Gel'mukhanov, Michael Odelius
Summary: In theoretical simulations, frequency detuning of the pump UV pulse acts as a camera shutter, regulating the duration of the UVX-PP process. A case study on carbon monoxide shows different vibrational profiles in the calculated UVX-PP spectra, revealing details of nuclear dynamics controlled by UV detuning.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuzhong Chen, Ying Shi, Yusong Gan, Haiyun Liu, Tengfei Li, Sanjib Ghosh, Qihua Xiong
Summary: Exciton polaritons at room temperature exhibit ultrafast coherent dynamics with high propagation speed and longer coherence time than previously believed.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daeho Sung, Chan Lim, Masatoshi Takagi, Chulho Jung, Heemin Lee, Do Hyung Cho, Jae-Yong Shin, Kangwoo Ahn, Junha Hwang, Daewoong Nam, Yoshiki Kohmura, Tetsuya Ishikawa, Do Young Noh, Naoko Imamoto, Jae-Hyung Jeon, Changyong Song
Summary: DNA molecules serve as atomic-scale information storage molecules that facilitate reliable information transfer through fault-free repetitions of replications and transcriptions. Despite challenges in observing the three-dimensional structure of chromosomes, nanoscale 3D structures have been successfully obtained using cryogenic coherent X-ray diffraction imaging, revealing the fractal nature of density distributions. Quantitative 3D density maps, supported by molecular dynamics simulations, indicate that internal structures of chromosomes conform to diffusion-limited aggregation behavior, suggesting that 3D chromatin packing occurs through stochastic processes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chi Li, Mengxue Guan, Hao Hong, Ke Chen, Xiaowei Wang, He Ma, Aiwei Wang, Zhenjun Li, Hai Hu, Jianfeng Xiao, Jiayu Dai, Xiangang Wan, Kaihui Liu, Sheng Meng, Qing Dai
Summary: This research demonstrates coherent ultrafast photoemission from a single quantized energy level of a carbon nanotube, which has a narrow energy spread and the potential to achieve subangstrom spatial resolution and femtosecond temporal resolution for electron probe.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Michelle F. Crook, Ivan A. Moreno-Hernandez, Justin C. Ondry, Jim Ciston, Karen C. Bustillo, Alfred Vargas, A. Paul Alivisatos
Summary: Graphene liquid cell transmission electron microscopy is a powerful technique for visualizing nanoscale dynamics. In this study, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) was used to evaluate the concentration and chemistry of a model encapsulated solution in graphene liquid cells. The results showed that the encapsulated solution is highly concentrated, which affects the oxidation kinetics of Ce3+. Moreover, the rate constants and g-values of certain molecular species were found to be different in highly concentrated environments. This study provides new insights into previous research and opens up opportunities for studying systems in highly concentrated solutions at high resolution.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Xin Sheng, Lizhong Zhang, Omer Blaes, Yan-Fei Jiang
Summary: This article presents relativistic radiation magnetohydrodynamic simulations of supercritical neutron star accretion columns in Cartesian geometry, considering temperature-dependent polarization-averaged Rosseland mean opacities. The simulations show that at high magnetic fields, the magnetic opacities significantly affect the overall structure and dynamics of the column.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Victor Tkachenko, Malik M. Abdullah, Zoltan Jurek, Nikita Medvedev, Vladimir Lipp, Mikako Makita, Beata Ziaja
Summary: This study analyzed the application of X-ray diffraction imaging techniques in following ultrafast structural transitions in solid materials. It was found that due to the spatially non-uniform profile of the X-ray beam, the diffraction signal recorded cannot always be interpreted as the material's response to a pulse of a specific fluence. This observation is crucial for planning and interpreting future experiments investigating structural changes in materials using X-ray diffraction imaging.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Rachel Berkowitz
Summary: The layered anode is able to emit bright, directed beams without the use of mirrors or large-scale accelerators.
Article
Optics
Johann A. Preuss, Daniel Groll, Robert Schmidt, Thilo Hahn, Pawel Machnikowski, Rudolf Bratschitsch, Tilmann Kuhn, Steffen Michaelis De Vasconcellos, Daniel Wigger
Summary: This study demonstrates coherent state manipulation of a single color center in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and investigates the coupling between the electronic system and phonons. The results reveal the application of quantum control techniques in both phonon-assisted and resonant excitation, paving the way for ultrafast phonon quantum state control on the nanoscale and hybrid quantum technologies.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Danielle Cristina Teles-Ferreira, Ivo Hm van Stokkum, Irene Conti, Lucia Ganzer, Cristian Manzoni, Marco Garavelli, Giulio Cerullo, Artur Nenov, Rocio Borrego-Varillas, Ana Maria de Paula
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism of thionated nucleobases' ultrafast transition from singlet states to triplet states using transient absorption spectroscopy. Experimental results combined with theoretical simulations suggest that the relaxation to the triplet state is mediated by conical intersections promoted by vibrational coherences through the population of an intermediate singlet state.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Thomas J. Lane
Summary: Advancements in protein structure prediction, such as AlphaFold2, are debated as to whether the problem is solved. However, these methods currently limit predictions to a single structure, lacking a structural distribution. Realizing this is crucial for future structure prediction algorithms.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Katrin Amann-Winkel, Kyung Hwan Kim, Nicolas Giovambattista, Marjorie Ladd-Parada, Alexander Spaeh, Fivos Perakis, Harshad Pathak, Cheolhee Yang, Tobias Eklund, Thomas J. Lane, Seonju You, Sangmin Jeong, Jae Hyuk Lee, Intae Eom, Minseok Kim, Jaeku Park, Sae Hwan Chun, Peter H. Poole, Anders Nilsson
Summary: Recent experiments have provided evidence for a liquid-liquid phase transition (LLPT) in supercooled water, which can explain the anomalous properties of liquid water and amorphous ice. By subjecting low-density amorphous (LDA) ice to ultrafast heating, researchers observed the coexistence of high-density and low-density liquid phases, and confirmed the LLPT using femtosecond x-ray laser pulses.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
J. Correa, M. Mehrjoo, R. Battistelli, F. Lehmkuehler, A. Marras, C. B. Wunderer, T. Hirono, V Felk, F. Krivan, S. Lange, I Shevyakov, V. Vardanyan, M. Zimmer, M. Hoesch, K. Bagschik, N. Guerrini, B. Marsh, I Sedgwick, G. Cautero, L. Stebel, D. Giuressi, R. H. Menk, A. Greer, T. Nicholls, W. Nichols, U. Pedersen, P. Shikhaliev, N. Tartoni, H. J. Hyun, S. H. Kim, S. Y. Park, K. S. Kim, F. Orsini, F. J. Iguaz, F. Buettner, B. Pfau, E. Ploenjes, K. Kharitonov, M. Ruiz-Lopez, R. Pan, S. Gang, B. Keitel, H. Graafsma
Summary: The PERCIVAL detector is a CMOS imager specifically designed for the soft X-ray regime. It has been used in various user experiments, such as ptychography, holographic imaging, and X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy. The detector has shown remarkable performance in terms of spatial resolution and frame rate, making it an attractive option for soft X-ray science.
JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
David Degerman, Patrick Lomker, Christopher M. Goodwin, Mikhail Shipilin, Fernando Garcia-Martinez, Christoph Schlueter, Anders Nilsson, Peter Amann
Summary: Operando X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to investigate the surface state of Ni(111) and Ni(211) single crystal surfaces during CO hydrogenation. The results showed that at higher temperatures and hydrogen content, CO moved away from on-top configurations and toward multicoordinated sites on the nickel surface. A nickel carbide was formed in the surface near region, especially at high partial pressures of CO and lower temperatures. The presence of the carbide affected CO bonding, but was reduced during hydrogen-rich conditions and temperatures above 250 degrees C.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Nele N. Striker, Irina Lokteva, Michael Dartsch, Francesco Dallari, Claudia Goy, Fabian Westermeier, Verena Markmann, Svenja C. Hovelmann, Gerhard Grubel, Felix Lehmkuhler
Summary: The dynamics and time scales of higher-order correlations in supercooled colloidal systems were studied using X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS) and X-ray cross-correlation analysis (XCCA). The results showed the typical slowing of the dynamics of a hard sphere system when approaching the glass transition. The time scales of higher-order correlations were probed using a novel time correlation function g(C), revealing that the local orders within the sample become more long-lived for larger volume fractions.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Aymeric Robert, Yngve Cerenius, Pedro Fernandes Tavares, Anna Hultin Stigenberg, Olof Karis, Ann-Christine Lloyd Whelan, Caroline Runeus, Marjolein Thunnissen
Summary: MAX IV Laboratory is a Swedish national synchrotron radiation facility that consists of three accelerators with different characteristics. The 3 GeV storage ring, one of the accelerators, is the world's first fourth-generation ring and has pioneered the use of the multibend achromat lattice to provide ultrahigh brightness X-rays. MAX IV aims to remain at the forefront of research needs in the Nordic and Baltic regions by offering modern X-ray techniques and addressing important scientific problems.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hirohito Ogasawara, Han Wang, Jorgen Gladh, Alessandro Gallo, Ralph Page, Johannes Voss, Alan Luntz, Elias Diesen, Frank Abild-Pedersen, Anders Nilsson, Markus Soldemo, Marc Zajac, Andrew Attar, Michelle E. Chen, Sang Wan Cho, Abhishek Katoch, Ki-Jeong Kim, Kyung Hwan Kim, Minseok Kim, Soonnam Kwon, Sang Han Park, Henrique Ribeiro, Sami Sainio, Hsin-Yi Wang, Cheolhee Yang, Tony Heinz
Summary: We conducted optical pumping and x-ray absorption spectroscopy experiments on a graphene monolayer adsorbed on copper using a free electron laser. Our analysis suggests that the excitation of graphene is primarily due to indirect excitation from hot electron-hole pairs created in the copper. However, once the excitation occurs in graphene, its decay follows a similar path as in previous studies of graphene adsorbed on semiconductors, involving rapid excitation of strongly coupled optical phonons and eventual thermalization. The lifetime of the hot electron-hole pairs in copper likely influences the lifetime of the electronic excitation in graphene.
PHYSICAL REVIEW MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
David Degerman, Christopher M. Goodwin, Patrick Lomker, Fernando Garcia-Martinez, Mikhail Shipilin, Andrei Gloskovskii, Anders Nilsson
Summary: By rapidly switching from high pressure to low pressure, this method allows for the detection of the remnant high pressure surface and the dynamics during re-equilibration. It provides faster and more detailed spectra compared to static operando measurements. However, there are different explanations for the different adsorbate distributions and the faster accumulation of CHx in CO2 and CO hydrogenation reactions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Mariia Filianina, Maddalena Bin, Sharon Berkowicz, Mario Reiser, Hailong Li, Sonja Timmermann, Malte Blankenburg, Katrin Amann-Winkel, Christian Gutt, Fivos Perakis
Summary: Studying protein interactions at low temperatures is crucial for optimizing cryostorage processes. The formation of ice nanocrystals, even in the presence of cryoprotectants, can lead to protein denaturation. This presents challenges in resolving and interpreting experimental data.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sangmin Jeong, Eunji Park, Joonghan Kim, Kyung Hwan Kim
Summary: By conducting nonadiabatic molecular dynamics simulations, we investigated the photoisomerization dynamics of 1,2-dihydro-1,2-azaborine and identified three different reaction pathways. Our results confirmed that the photoisomerization of azaborine follows the energetically favored pathway, predominantly forming the Dewar isomer, which is consistent with experimental observations.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Hailong Li, Marjorie Ladd-Parada, Aigerim Karina, Francesco Dallari, Mario Reiser, Fivos Perakis, Nele N. Striker, Michael Sprung, Fabian Westermeier, Gerhard Gruebel, Werner Steffen, Felix Lehmkuehler, Katrin Amann-Winkel
Summary: This study investigates the dynamics of the transition from high-density amorphous ice (HDA) to low-density amorphous ice (LDA) using X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (XPCS). The results reveal non-isotropic and heterogeneous dynamics in the amorphous ice and are consistent with a scenario of static LDA islands floating within a diffusive matrix of high-density liquid water.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anders Nilsson
Summary: The Faraday Discussion on Photoelectron Spectroscopy and the Future of Surface Analysis, held in London from April 20 to 22, 2022, discussed recent advancements in three directions: in situ and operando, buried interfaces, and time resolved measurements. The speaker highlighted the significance of the new operando instrument, POLARIS, for addressing crucial problems in catalysis towards achieving a fossil-free society.
FARADAY DISCUSSIONS
(2022)
