Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Peter Panjan, Aljaz Drnovsek, Miha Cekada, Matjaz Panjan
Summary: In-situ cleaning of substrate surface using ion etching is crucial for physical vapor deposition (PVD) processes. However, in industrial deposition systems, the ion etching process may lead to re-contamination. To address this issue, a double-layer TiAlN hard coating was prepared on the same substrate in two separate production batches, allowing easy identification and analysis of the contamination layer formed during the ion etching before the second deposition. The contamination of the batching material was also observed on seed particles, causing the formation of nodular defects. Changes in coating topography were analyzed by comparing the same coating surface area after the first and second TiAlN layers were deposited. Additionally, it was found that the surface roughness slightly decreased after the deposition of the second TiAlN coating, which can be explained by the planarization effect.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Amal Das, Martando Rath, Deleep R. Nair, M. S. Ramachandra Rao, Amitava DasGupta
Summary: Aluminum Nitride (AlN) films with preferential (100) orientation were successfully fabricated on Molybdenum (Mo) coated Silicon substrate, showing good crystallinity and bonding between Al and N. These films have great potential for high frequency resonator and energy harvesting applications due to their excellent properties.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
N. Ziani, E. Aubry, N. Martin, L. Hirsinger, A. Billard, P. Briois, M. S. Belkaid, M. Arab Pour Yazdi
Summary: Delafossite CuFeO2 films were synthesized by reactive magnetron sputtering at different substrate temperatures ranging from 380 to 550 degrees C. The films exhibited a rhombohedral structure and showed partial dissociation of the delafossite phase into FCC Cu and Fe3O4 magnetite phases at the highest temperature, as well as changes in preferential orientation and optical properties with temperature.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Marek Bouska, Virginie Nazabal, Jan Gutwirth, Tomas Halenkovic, Petr Nemec
Summary: Radio-frequency magnetron co-sputtering technique was employed to deposit Ge-Sb-Te amorphous thin films, covering a broad range of chemical composition. Large variations in electrical and optical contrast were observed upon annealing-induced crystallization, with the importance of GeTe content in Ge-Sb-Te thin films confirmed.
JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Luca Mascaretti, Tapan Barman, Beatrice Roberta Bricchi, Filip Munz, Andrea Li Bassi, Stepan Kment, Alberto Naldoni
Summary: Magnetron sputtering is crucial in producing TiN thin films, impacting their structural, optical, and electrical properties. RF substrate biasing during sputtering process can optimize the plasmonic effects and resistivity of TiN films by introducing a slight under-stoichiometry in the material.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Maodong Zhu, Dongping Zhang, Shuyun Jiang, Shuguang Liu, Hongji Qi, Yu Yang
Summary: The composition and microstructure of vanadium oxide thin films can be controlled and analyzed through magnetron sputtering at different substrate temperatures, with metastable V3O7 and VO2(B) phases forming at 250°C to 300°C, and stable VO2 and V2O5 phases forming at 350°C to 400°C. The results provide methods for transforming vanadium oxide phases under controlled substrate temperatures.
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
A. Sudha, Allamula Ashok, Sanjeev Patil, Satyesh Kumar Yadav, P. Swaminathan
Summary: This study investigates the structural, morphological, and photoresponse behavior of magnetron sputtered titania thin films on different substrates. It is found that the photoresponse is best on the silicon substrate due to the formation of a heterojunction at the titania/silicon interface. Additionally, the parallel electrode configuration shows better photoresponse by avoiding carrier recombination in the bulk of the silicon wafer.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Azza Hadj Youssef, Gitanjali Kolhatkar, Ifeanyichukwu C. Amaechi, Rajesh Katoch, Yoandris Gonzalez, Alexandre Merlen, Andreas Ruediger
Summary: Controlled post-annealing of SrTiO3 thin films on vicinal MgO (100) substrates results in the evolution of surface morphology, leading to the formation of stepped structures with enhanced periodicity. Double post-annealing treatment at 900 degrees C and 700 degrees C generates step bunching with large terraced structures, providing potential templates for the growth of functional materials.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Physics, Condensed Matter
Gaige Huang, Qiaonan Yu, Shiwen Kou, Pengwei Zhai, Guoqiang Li
Summary: Epitaxial indium tin oxide (ITO) films were successfully prepared on Yttrium Stabilized Zirconia (YSZ) substrates using direct current magnetron sputtering. The epitaxial relationship between ITO films and YSZ substrates was confirmed, with optimized deposition conditions resulting in improved electrical performance of the films, especially on YSZ (100) substrates.
PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zifeng Li, Guotan Liu, Guanqi Liu, Xiaoshuo Zhu, Yudong Fu
Summary: By using magnetron sputtering, a new Nb4SiC3 phase thin film was successfully synthesized, which exhibited low resistivity and high hardness. Experimental results demonstrated that desired film structure and properties could be achieved under specific sputtering conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhenxue Zhang, Mikdat Gurtaran, Xiaoying Li, Hio-Ieng Un, Yi Qin, Hanshan Dong
Summary: In this study, N-type and P-type BiTe-based thin films were deposited on silicon, glass, and Kapton HN polyimide foil using magnetron sputtering technique. The morphology, microstructure, and phase constituents of the thin films were characterized by SEM/EDX, XRD, and TEM. The electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient were measured by an advanced in-plane test system. The power output (open-circuit voltage and electric current) of the thin films was measured at different temperature gradients using a custom-built apparatus. The impact of deposition parameters and the dimensions of the thin films on the power output were investigated to optimize the thin-film flexible TE device for thermal energy harvesting.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lin-Qing Wang, Wei-Yan Wang, Jin-Hua Huang, Rui-Qin Tan, Wei-Jie Song, Jian-Min Chen
Summary: Hydrogenated microcrystalline silicon (mu c-Si:H) thin films were deposited at different substrate temperatures using radio frequency magnetron sputtering. The influence of substrate temperature on the growth and properties of the thin films was investigated. The surface roughness and crystallinity of the films increased with higher substrate temperature. The preferred orientation of the films changed from (220) to (111) as the substrate temperature increased. The films had a dense structure, and the structural compactness slightly increased with higher substrate temperature. The low hydrogen content of the films was beneficial for reducing light-induced degradation effect.
Article
Materials Science, Coatings & Films
Xu Yu, Junjun Wang, Linqing Wang, Weijiu Huang
Summary: CrNbSiTiZr high-entropy alloy films were fabricated on different substrates with varying bias voltages, showing amorphous structure and high hardness. The film deposited at -50V bias exhibited high residual compressive stress, while wear mechanism shifted from adhesive to abrasive with increasing negative bias. Superior electrochemical corrosion resistance was observed for all films, with the film at -50V bias showing the best performance.
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Suihan Cui, Qiuhao Chen, Yuxiang Guo, Lei Chen, Zheng Jin, Xiteng Li, Chao Yang, Zhongcan Wu, Xiongyu Su, Zhengyong Ma, Ricky K. Y. Fu, Xiubo Tian, Paul K. Chu, Zhongzhen Wu
Summary: This study combines the cellular automata method and particle-in-cell/Monte Carlo collision method to establish an accurate dynamic model for high-power and high-ionization discharges, considering all the interactions related to etching morphology, plasma density, electric field, and magnetic field. Compared to traditional models, the dynamic etching model shows smaller errors in morphology simulation in continuous high-power magnetron sputtering, providing more accurate results.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hong Tak Kim, Sang Kooun Jung, Sung-Youp Lee
Summary: Depositing ITO films on paper sheets using LF-DPMS technique results in well-structured films with highly hydrophobic surface properties, high transmittance, and moderate electrical characteristics. This deposition technique does not damage the fabric structure of papers and is effective for film depositions on weak substrates such as papers, polymers, and fibers.
Article
Polymer Science
Smaranika Dash, Hari Sankar Mohanty, Ravikant, Ashok Kumar, Reji Thomas, Dillip K. Pradhan
Summary: Ferroelectric ceramic-polymer composites made of PVDF-HFP and BZT-BCT ceramics were studied for their structural, vibrational, optical, dielectric and ferroelectric properties. The interaction mechanism between filler and polymer matrix, as well as the variation of dielectric properties with filler concentrations, were analyzed to understand the enhancement of the beta phase.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Rahul Saha, Gulshan Kumar, Mauro Conti, Tannishtha Devgun, Tai-hoon Kim, Mamoun Alazab, Reji Thomas
Summary: The article introduces a decentralized hybrid access control framework called DHACS for IIoTs, which aims to provide transparency, reliability, and robustness. DHACS uses role-based, rule-based, and organization-based access control strategies and outperforms existing approaches in terms of access control management efficiency.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL INFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Arshdeep Singh, Gulshan Kumar, Rahul Saha, Mauro Conti, Mamoun Alazab, Reji Thomas
Summary: This paper surveys different types and applications of blockchain consensus protocols, discusses the advantages and disadvantages of existing protocols, and examines their suitability in Internet-of-Things (IoT) environments. The comprehensive analysis and summarization of consensus protocols in this survey provide valuable insights for researchers and application developers.
JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Hediyeh Khatibnezhad, Fabian Ambriz-Vargas, Fadhel Ben Ettouil, Christian Moreau
Summary: In this study, TiO2 coatings with different phase contents, oxygen contents, and roughnesses were produced using suspension plasma spraying (SPS) with varying hydrogen flow rates. The presence of anatase phase was found to enhance the photocatalytic activity of the coatings.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Rahul Saha, Gulshan Kumar, Neeraj Kumar, Tai-Hoon Kim, Tannishtha Devgun, Reji Thomas, Ahmed Barnawi
Summary: This article presents a framework for monitoring oxygen levels, calculating severity, and probabilistic decision-making for COVID-19 patients. The framework also ensures patient privacy and utilizes probabilistic classification. The results show that this solution is efficient and significant in the Internet of Things framework for the current health hazard.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ifeanyichukwu C. Amaechi, Azza Hadj Youssef, Andreas Dorfler, Yoandris Gonzalez, Rajesh Katoch, Andreas Ruediger
Summary: This article discusses the application of noble-metal-free catalytic nanoparticles in photocatalysis and tribocatalysis, focusing on the use of non-centrosymmetric and polar oxide nanoparticles, as well as the role of different charges in catalytic reactions.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Rekha Goyat, Gulshan Kumar, Mamoun Alazab, Mauro Conti, Mritunjay Kumar Rai, Reji Thomas, Rahul Saha, Tai-Hoon Kim
Summary: This study develops a blockchain-based decentralized framework for secure communication in wireless sensor networks-enabled IoTs. By utilizing authentication and privacy-preserving schemes, as well as registration, certification, and revocation processes, the framework protects networks against illegal information access and utilizes storage efficiently.
IEEE INTERNET OF THINGS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Raul Manuel Ugalde-Vazquez, Fabian Ambriz-Vargas, Francisco Morales-Morales, Natiely Hernandez-Sebastian, Alfredo Benitez-Lara, Roman Cabrera-Sierra, Carlos Gomez-Yanez
Summary: This study presents the optimization of sputtering deposition parameters for the development of solid-state lithium batteries. The results show that argon deposition pressure modulates the degree of re-sputtering effects, with high pressure leading to deficiencies of oxygen and phosphor in the films and low pressure promoting the growth of stoichiometric films with enhanced electrochemical activity.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
F. Morales-Morales, A. Benitez-Lara, N. Hernandez-Sebastian, F. Ambriz-Vargas, M. R. Jimenez-Vivanco, R. Lopez, A. Morales-Sanchez
Summary: This study presents an analysis of the interface of the ZnO/PSi heterojunction using photoluminescence, cathodoluminescence, and electron beam induced current. The thermal annealing process was found to widen the luminescence spectrum and favor the crystallization of the structure. Cathodoluminescence images focused on the emission of ZnO and the ZnO/PSi structure. Electron beam induced current characterization provided information on the electronic properties and the density of donor impurity atoms in the ZnO film.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hossein Kalhori, Ifeanyichukwu C. Amaechi, Azza H. Youssef, Andreas Ruediger, Alain Pignolet
Summary: Piezocatalytic reactions are excited by ultrasonication and occur simultaneously with other catalytic reactions caused by different mechanisms. Distinguishing and quantifying these effects is a challenge. By using nanoparticles of piezoelectric BaTiO3, the catalytic properties are compared below and close to the piezoelectric to non-piezoelectric phase transition temperature. The study found that 90% of the catalytic activity is attributed to the piezocatalytic contribution.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Urvashi Sharma, Mohd Asif, Vishnu M. Varma, Gulshan Kumar, Sachin Mishra, Ashok Kumar, Reji Thomas
Summary: Hf0.6Zr0.2Dy0.1Ta0.1O2 thin films were deposited on Si (100) using pulsed laser deposition for gate oxide applications in CMOS process. The properties of Hf0.6Zr0.2Dy0.1Ta0.1O2 thin films within metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) structure for high-k application in logic devices were investigated. The electrical characteristics of MIS capacitor structures were determined by capacitance-voltage and current-voltage measurements. The thin films exhibited a minimum equivalent oxide thickness of 1.2 nm and a maximum dielectric constant of 35.7 at 10 kHz.
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Gulshan Kumar, Rahul Saha, Mauro Conti, Reji Thomas, Tannishtha Devgun, Joel J. P. C. Rodrigues
Summary: The Internet-of-Things (IoT) is vulnerable to various security attacks, and existing solutions are inadequate in dealing with the heterogeneity of attack sources and features, as well as meeting the new demands of time consumption and complexity. In this article, a novel intrusion detection solution called CMACIDS is proposed, which configures intrusion detection in the edge computing layer to prevent attack propagation to the clouds. CMACIDS utilizes the cerebellar model articulation controller with kernel map and spline fitting, making it a unique and efficient solution for IoT paradigm.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SERVICES COMPUTING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Urvashi Sharma, Charanjeet Singh, Vishnu M. Varma, Gulshan Kumar, Sachin Mishra, Ashok Kumar, Reji Thomas
Summary: HfxZr1-xO2 (HZO) ceramics with different compositions (x = 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75) were prepared using conventional solid-state reaction technique. The structural properties were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, while the microstructure, morphology, and composition were studied using field emission-scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray. Impedance spectroscopy was conducted to investigate the temperature-dependent and frequency-dependent dielectric properties of the ceramics. The dielectric constants at 10 kHz increased from 17 to 40 as the Hf content increased from 0.25 to 0.75 at ambient conditions. Ferroelectric studies were also performed through polarization-electric field plots.
BULLETIN OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ifeanyichukwu C. Amaechi, Andreas Ruediger, Alain Pignolet
Summary: We conducted systematic measurements on bismuth titanate powders to study the Raman frequency shift, omega, and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of optical phonons at q = 0. The observed shift and broadening of the ferroelectric soft phonon mode at 42 cm(-1) can be reasonably explained by the effects of particle size and phonon confinement. We found that the lattice parameter varies linearly with particle size, and the size-dependent Raman shift and linewidth broadening follow a power law of omega proportional to x(-0.73) and Gamma proportional to x(-0.38), respectively. Additionally, a single phonon coupling term corresponding to a three-phonon anharmonic process is sufficient to describe the phonon coupling decay resulting from the softening of this strongly overdamped phonon mode.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Smaranika Dash, Dhiren K. Pradhan, Shalini Kumari, Ravikant, Md Mijanur Rahaman, C. Cazorla, Kumar Brajesh, Ashok Kumar, Reji Thomas, Philip D. Rack, Dillip K. Pradhan
Summary: The study reports on the piezoelectric and structural properties of the BZT-xBCT system over a wide composition range, with a significant electromechanical response observed at x = 0.5. The research provides clear evidence of crystallographic phases in the MPB region, contributing to improved functional properties.