Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Priscilla Masamba, Abidemi Paul Kappo
Summary: Universal stress proteins (USPs) were first discovered in Escherichia coli over two decades ago, and have since been detected in various organisms, playing roles in cellular responses under stressful conditions. However, the molecular and biochemical aspects of their functions remain largely elusive.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Biology
Filippo Scialo, Felice Amato, Gustavo Cernera, Monica Gelzo, Federica Zarrilli, Marika Comegna, Lucio Pastore, Andrea Bianco, Giuseppe Castaldo
Summary: The defective mucociliary clearance in CF patients due to CFTR malfunctioning predisposes them to colonization by pathogens, leading to recurrent inflammation and rapid deterioration of lung function, impacting the lung microbiome composition. Understanding of microbial interactions in the lung and how they change during disease progression is still in its early stages, but manipulating the lung microbiome could offer promising prospects for improving therapies for CF patients.
Article
Immunology
Conan Y. Zhao, Yiqi Hao, Yifei Wang, John J. Varga, Arlene A. Stecenko, Joanna B. Goldberg, Sam P. Brown
Summary: The study found that models trained on whole-microbiome quantitation outperformed models trained only on pathogen quantitation in lung infections in people with cystic fibrosis. The most accurate models retained key pathogens and nonpathogen taxa as important predictors of lung health.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Xiubin Liang, Mohamad Bouhamdan, Xia Hou, Kezhong Zhang, Jun Song, Ke Hao, Jian-Ping Jin, Zhongyang Zhang, Jie Xu
Summary: The study identified a new CF animal model that exhibits intestinal dysbiosis phenotype, which may facilitate research and development of novel treatments for CF-associated gastrointestinal diseases. The fecal microbiomes of CF rabbits showed lower richness and diversity compared to wild-type rabbits, indicating significant taxonomic and functional dysbiosis.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Nicole Acosta, Christina S. Thornton, Michael G. Surette, Ranjani Somayaji, Laura Rossi, Harvey R. Rabin, Michael D. Parkins
Summary: The study found that azithromycin treatment did not lead to significant changes in the CF microbiome structure. However, the baseline community structure was found to be associated with the subsequent response to azithromycin in CF adults.
Article
Microbiology
Jacob Vieira, Sirus Jesudasen, Lindsay Bringhurst, Hui-Yu Sui, Lauren McIver, Katrine Whiteson, Kurt Hanselmann, George A. O'Toole, Christopher J. Richards, Leonard Sicilian, Isabel Neuringer, Peggy S. Lai
Summary: This study found that increased oxygen in persons with cystic fibrosis led to reduced total numbers and diversity of microbes, while common CF pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus were relatively spared. Supplemental oxygen use may promote the growth of lung pathogens and should be further studied in the clinical setting.
Article
Cell Biology
Gabriela Leite, Mark Pimentel, Gillian M. Barlow, Christine Chang, Ava Hosseini, Jiajing Wang, Gonzalo Parodi, Rashin Sedighi, Ali Rezaie, Ruchi Mathur
Summary: The study reveals that gut microbial diversity decreases with age, which is associated with chronological age, number of concomitant diseases, and number of medications used. The duodenal microbiome of older individuals undergoes significant changes, with specific genera showing increased relative abundance and impacting microbial diversity.
Article
Microbiology
Fabrice Jean-Pierre, Arsh Vyas, Thomas H. Hampton, Michael A. Henson, George A. O'Toole
Summary: Culture-independent studies have shown that chronic lung infections in persons with cystic fibrosis involve diverse microbial communities. Interactions among these communities influence clinical outcomes, and a single community cannot fully explain the diversity of outcomes. Combining computational and experimental approaches can help enhance our understanding of microbial community function and lead to the identification of new therapeutics for polymicrobial infections.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Isabelle McKay, Josie van Dorst, Tamarah Katz, Michael Doumit, Bernadette Prentice, Louisa Owens, Yvonne Belessis, Sandra Chuang, Adam Jaffe, Torsten Thomas, Michael Coffey, Chee Y. Ooi
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of diet and microbiota in children with CF, finding significant changes in intestinal inflammation and respiratory and gastrointestinal microbiota compared to children without CF. It also identified correlations between gastrointestinal and respiratory microbiota, lung function, CF pulmonary exacerbations, and anthropometrics, supporting the concept of an altered gut-lung axis in children with CF. Additionally, significant differences in dietary quality were found, with CF children consuming higher proportions of fats and lower proportions of carbohydrates, wholegrains, fiber, insoluble fiber, starch, and resistant starch.
Article
Pediatrics
Julia Konrad, Ernst Eber, Vanessa Stadlbauer
Summary: Cystic fibrosis primarily affects the lungs, but it also has significant gastrointestinal manifestations that impact diagnosis, prognosis, and quality of life. This review discusses the various gastrointestinal issues associated with CF, including pancreatic insufficiency, gastroesophageal reflux disease, liver disease, and diseases of the large intestine. The optimization of CF therapy has led to longer life spans for CF patients, but it is important to consider the increased risk of gastrointestinal malignancies in this population. Additionally, emerging evidence suggests that the gut microbiome plays a role in CF. The introduction of CFTR protein modulators brings hope for alleviating symptoms and potentially curing gastrointestinal manifestations of CF.
PAEDIATRIC RESPIRATORY REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Nicholas Shalaby, Dorit Samocha-Bonet, Nadeem O. Kaakoush, Mark Danta
Summary: Liver disease is a major global health problem causing millions of deaths each year. Currently, there are no specific registered antifibrotic therapies to reverse liver injury. However, the interaction between the liver and the gastrointestinal microbiome has the potential to offer a novel therapeutic approach to mitigate the progression of liver disease and its complications.
Article
Respiratory System
Cristina de Manuel Gomez, Ana Cecilia Morales Palacios, Olga de la Serna Blazquez, Pablo Vicente Morillo Carnero, Maria Elena Perez Arenas, Sonia Milkova Ivanova, Marta Ruiz de Valbuena Maiz
Summary: This article reports a case of Ear Nose Throat (ENT) pathology in a cystic fibrosis patient, leading to ocular manifestations, and successfully treated with endoscopic sinus surgery.
JOURNAL OF CYSTIC FIBROSIS
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Brent Gilbert, Gerard Kaiko, Stephen Smith, Peter Wark
Summary: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary, life-limiting, multi-system condition that results in chronic respiratory infections, pancreatic insufficiency and intestinal inflammation. Evidence indicates that CF patients develop colorectal cancer (CRC) earlier and more often than the general population. Intestinal dysbiosis resulting from genetics and CF treatment is a contributing factor.
COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sanskriti Varma, Peter H. Green, Suneeta Krishnareddy
Summary: This study investigated the distribution of pathogens on stool gastrointestinal (GI) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing in those who subsequently developed inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The results suggest that the E. coli species, specifically enteropathogenic E. coli, may be implicated in the development of IBD.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Syed Shujaat Ali Zaidi, Masood Ur Rehman Kayani, Xuegong Zhang, Younan Ouyang, Imran Haider Shamsi
Summary: This study identified operons in whole-genomes and metagenomes using MetaRon, achieving high prediction accuracy. It also uncovered a strong association between type 2 diabetes and specific proteins, showcasing the potential of operons in disease association studies. The application of MetaRon to diverse scales of metagenomic data shows promise in understanding gene regulation and therapeutic metagenomics.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Colin P. McNally, Elhanan Borenstein
BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Colin P. McNally, Richard P. Nelson, Sijme-Jan Paardekooper
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2018)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Angela Kranz, Andrea Steinmann, Ursula Degner, Aliye Mengus-Kaya, Susana Matamouros, Michael Bott, Tino Polen
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Colin P. McNally, Richard P. Nelson, Sijme-Jan Paardekooper, Pablo Benitez-Llambay
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2019)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Colin P. McNally, Richard P. Nelson, Sijme-Jan Paardekooper, Pablo Benitez-Llambay, Oliver Gressel
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Cecilia Noecker, Hsuan-Chao Chiu, Colin P. McNally, Elhanan Borenstein
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Arnaud Pierens, Colin P. McNally, Richard P. Nelson
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2020)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sijme-Jan Paardekooper, Colin P. McNally, Francesco Lovascio
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2020)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sijme-Jan Paardekooper, Colin P. McNally, Francesco Lovascio
Summary: The paper presents a new approach to streaming instabilities, allowing for more accurate solutions to linear stability problems with lower computational costs. It also demonstrates techniques for reducing integral equations to complex polynomials and counting roots of dispersion relations inside contours. The methods described can reproduce and surpass the accuracy of previous results in the literature.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Colin P. McNally, Francesco Lovascio, Sijme-Jan Paardekooper
Summary: Research suggests that the evolution of dust plays a significant role in triggering streaming instability during planet formation. The enhancement of larger dust sizes through reasonable collisional dust evolution may be sufficient to produce instability behavior similar to the monodisperse case. Local enhancement of the dust to gas volume mass density ratio to order unity is also necessary.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Nour J. Abdulhay, Colin P. McNally, Laura J. Hsieh, Sivakanthan Kasinathan, Aidan Keith, Laurel S. Estes, Mehran Karimzadeh, Jason G. Underwood, Hani Goodarzi, Geeta J. Narlikar, Vijay Ramani
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Arnaud Pierens, Richard P. Nelson, Colin P. McNally
Summary: This paper presents global hydrodynamical simulations of circumbinary discs with embedded particles, showing the impact of particle stirring on planetary growth processes. It was found that higher solid-to-gas ratios lead to smaller gas vertical velocity fluctuations and dust scale heights. The study suggests that turbulence enables efficient pebble accretion and grain growth in regions farther from the binary.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Francesco Lovascio, Sijme-Jan Paardekooper, Colin McNally
Summary: This study investigates the stability of 2D dust-laden vortices in protoplanetary discs and reveals that the stability depends on their size relative to the disc scale height. Small vortices with semiminor axis much smaller than the scale height remain stable for a long time, while larger vortices with semiminor axis smaller than but of the order of scale height experience a drag instability after a period of contraction. The presence of dust in the disc affects the stability and lifetime of vortices, leading to considerable dust enrichment in their cores.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Colin P. McNally, Richard P. Nelson, Sijme-Jan Paardekooper, Oliver Gressel, Wladimir Lyra
12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NUMERICAL MODELING OF SPACE PLASMA FLOWS: ASTRONUM-2017
(2018)