Article
Chemistry, Physical
Przemyslaw Snopinski, Krzysztof Matus, Ondrej Hilser
Summary: This paper presents a complete characterization of the microstructural changes in an LPBF AlSi10Mg alloy under various post-processing methods. The study reveals that multi-axial forging produces an extremely fine subgrain structure, KoBo extrusion results in a practically dislocation-free microstructure, and ECAP processing at specific temperatures generates moderate grain refinement.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Przemyslaw Snopinski, Krzysztof Matus
Summary: This study explores an alternative grain boundary engineering (GBE) approach for post-processing bulk additively manufactured aluminium samples. The results show that through thermo-mechanical treatment, grain refinement and an increase in the fraction of Coincidence Site Lattice (CSL) boundaries can be achieved. Low-sigma twin boundaries were found to be the most common CSL boundaries. EBSD analysis confirms the direct relationship between the formation of CSL boundaries and dynamic recrystallisation process.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kinga Rodak, Tomasz Rzychon, Tomasz Mikuszewski, Bartosz Chmiela, Maria Sozanska, Sonia Boczkal
Summary: In this study, binary Al-Cu alloys were plastically deformed using extrusion combined with a reversible torsion method to produce an ultrafine-grained structure. The effect of extrusion ratio on grain size and high-angle boundaries was investigated. The results showed that an increase in extrusion ratio led to a decrease in grain size and an increase in high-angle boundaries. The ultrafine-grained structure and high fraction of high-angle boundaries contributed to the enhanced mechanical properties of the alloys.
MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Daniel Wojtas, Lukasz Maj, Anna Jarzebska, Krzysztof Wierzbanowski, Robert Chulist, Jakub Kawalko, Anna Trelka, Krzysztof Sztwiertnia
Summary: This study investigates the mechanical properties and microstructure of hydrostatically extruded titanium after low-temperature heat treatment. The results show that deformation-induced defects are still present in the microstructure even after annealing, indicating that continuous dynamic recrystallization dominates at later stages of processing. The heat treatment significantly increases the ductility of the material, compensating for the decrease in tensile properties. Low-temperature annealing may provide an initial solution to the strength-ductility paradox in materials processed by Severe Plastic Deformation techniques.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Michal Gloc, Sylwia Przybysz-Gloc, Marcin Wachowski, Robert Kosturek, Rafal Lewczuk, Ireneusz Szachogluchowicz, Paulina Paziewska, Andrzej Maranda, Lukasz Ciupinski
Summary: In this investigation, the use of different explosive materials was explored as a means to enhance the properties of titanium grade 2. Tests, including microhardness testing, microstructure analysis, and tensile and corrosion tests, were conducted to examine the influence of explosive hardening on the treated alloys. It was found that plastic-bonded explosives (PBX) can achieve a 40% increase in tensile strength. However, the corrosion resistance of titanium grade 2 slightly decreased due to the impact of the shock wave, with a change in corrosion rate less than 0.1 mu m/year.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacek Skiba, Mariusz Kulczyk, Sylwia Przybysz-Gloc, Monika Skorupska, Mariusz Kobus, Kamil Nowak
Summary: This paper presents an analysis of the impact of plastic deformation using hydrostatic extrusion on the properties of pure copper for use as electrodes in electro discharge machining. The research shows that hydrostatic extrusion leads to refinement of the microstructure and increases the strength of the copper material. Additionally, the use of hydrostatic extrusion processed electrodes reduces erosion wear and improves the surface quality in the electro discharge machining process.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hao Gu, Zhide Li, Shilei Liu, Haitao Gao, Charlie Kong, Hailiang Yu
Summary: Commercially pure titanium sheets with high strength and elongation were produced through asymmetric cryorolling and subsequent annealing. The samples treated with asymmetric cryorolling plus annealing showed significant grain refinement and dislocation accumulation, resulting in uniform distribution of dislocations and texture, finer grain sizes, and a higher proportion of high angle grain boundaries. This provided favorable conditions for uniform plastic deformation and yielded similar elongations to failure as the samples treated with room-temperature rolling plus annealing.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Alireza Kalhor, Kinga Rodak, Marek Tkocz, Hanna Myalska-Glowacka, Bartosz Chmiela, Maria Watroba, Sonia Boczkal, Grzegorz Junak
Summary: The effects of Mg and Ca additions to pure Zn on its microstructure, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance were investigated in this study. The results showed that the addition of alloying elements led to the formation of intermetallic compounds and improved the mechanical properties of the Zn alloy. The application of KoBo extrusion further enhanced the mechanical properties of both pure Zn and the alloy.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
G. S. Dyakonov, T. Yakovleva, A. G. Stotskiy, S. Mironov
Summary: The microstructural characterization of the Ti-5.7Al-3.8Mo-1.2Zr-1.3Sn alloy after equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) showed that the spheroidization process was governed by the conventional boundary splitting mechanism, with a nearly-Burgers orientation relationship between the spheroidized a-and b phases. This suggests a high cooperation in slip activity between the phases.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Karol Frydrych, Anna Jarzebska, Saketh Virupakshi, Katarzyna Kowalczyk-Gajewska, Magdalena Bieda, Robert Chulist, Monika Skorupska, Norbert Schell, Krzysztof Sztwiertnia
Summary: Evolutionary algorithms are used to identify crystal plasticity parameters of hexagonal close packed metals and alloys, with a fitness function built by comparing simulated and experimental textures. The approach is tested on pure zinc and zinc-magnesium alloy for crystal plasticity parameter optimization, as they are potential candidates for bioabsorbable implants. The materials' mechanical properties can be enhanced through hydrostatic extrusion to meet requirements, with active deformation mechanisms analyzed.
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
L. Maj, D. Wojtas, A. Jarzebska, M. Bieda, K. Trembecka-Wojciga, R. Chulist, W. Koziol, A. Goral, A. Trelka, K. Janus, J. Kawalko, M. Kulczyk, F. Muhaffel, H. Cimenoglu, K. Sztwiertnia
Summary: This work studied the microstructure of titania coating fabricated on the surface of hydrostatically extruded titanium grade 4 using the micro-arc oxidation method. The investigation revealed that a well-adherent porous coating is produced on the top surface and side walls of the extruded rod. The presence of a continuous amorphous layer compensates for the effect of anisotropic substrate, resulting in a comparable and homogenous microstructure with a large number of micropores.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Dariusz Garbiec, Volf Leshchynsky, Andrea Garcia-Junceda, Radoslaw Swadzba, Piotr Siwak, Grzegorz Adamek, Krzysztof Radwanski
Summary: This study investigated the microstructure and mechanical properties of AA7075 with a coarse-fine-grained laminated microstructure produced by spark plasma sintering (SPS) and the cyclic extrusion severe deformation (KOBO) technique. It was found that the combination of SPS and KOBO techniques resulted in a bimodal laminated fine gradient grain microstructure, leading to both high strength and good ductility in the alloy. The study demonstrated that the new heterogeneous AA7075 alloys obtained by the SPS-KOBO combined techniques showed microstructural heterogeneities can assist in overcoming the strength-ductility trade-off.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
H. Sun, Z. B. Zhao, Q. J. Wang, T. Y. Zhou, N. Li, Y. H. Liu
Summary: The evolution of the texture and microstructure of TiB-TC25G composites heat-treated in the high ?+? phase field was studied with different cooling rates. The study found that the size of ? colonies and the thickness of individual secondary ? laths increased with decreasing cooling rates, leading to the formation of equiaxed secondary ? grains. The intensity of ? texture in TiB-TC25G composites decreased with decreasing cooling rate due to the presence of TiB, and some equiaxed secondary ? grains did not follow the Burgers orientation relationship (BOR) with the parent ? grain.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Przemyslaw Snopinski, Anna Wozniak, Marek Pagac
Summary: The study analyzed the influence of the ECAP process on the structure and hardness of AlSi10Mg alloy, finding that samples processed with ECAP exhibited higher hardness and promoted the formation of structures with specific patterns and small grain sizes.
Article
Crystallography
Muneer Baig, Asiful H. Seikh, Ateekh Ur Rehman, Jabair A. Mohammed, Faraz Hussain Hashmi, Sameh Mohamed Ragab
Summary: The study investigates the temperature effects on the microstructural evolution of a coarse-grained Al5083 alloy during equal channel angular pressing (ECAP). It was found that with an increase in the number of passes, grain refinement had a positive effect on the alloy's strength. Additionally, increasing the pressing temperature led to a decrease in new grain formation and an increase in normal grain size.
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
M. Wronski, M. Arul Kumar, R. J. McCabe, K. Wierzbanowski, C. N. Tome
Summary: The deformation behavior of commercially pure rolled titanium under strain path changes was studied using experiments and a crystal plasticity model, considering different loading combinations to investigate slip, twinning, de-twinning, and double-twinning in hexagonal closed packed titanium. An EBSD-based analysis was used to study the evolution of {1012} tensile and {1122} compression twins, supporting the model results. The VPSC model successfully predicted the evolution of twinning and twin volume fraction under strain path changes, with results in agreement with experimental observations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PLASTICITY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jan Dutkiewicz, Lukasz Rogal, Damian Kalita, Jakub Kawalko, Marek Stanislaw Weglowski, Krzysztof Kwiecinski, Piotr Sliwinski, Hubert Danielewski, Bogdan Antoszewski, Eduard Cesari
Summary: The electron beam additive manufacturing method was used to fabricate a rectangular NiTi component, producing a high-quality material with specific processes. Samples exhibited higher transformation temperatures and sharper transformation peaks after aging at 500 degrees C. In situ SEM tensile deformation experiments showed the formation of martensite at the sample surface and grain boundaries.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Maria Watroba, Krzysztof Mech, Wiktor Bednarczyk, Jakub Kawalko, Marianna Marciszko-Wiackowska, Mateusz Marzec, Duncan E. T. Shepherd, Piotr Bala
Summary: The addition of Ag and Mg in Zn alloys enhances their strength and refines grain size, but also leads to asymmetric mechanical behavior and increased corrosion rate.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Maria Watroba, Wiktor Bednarczyk, Piotr K. Szewczyk, Jakub Kawalko, Krzysztof Mech, Alina Gruenewald, Irem Unalan, Nicola Taccardi, Gabriela Boelter, Manuel Banzhaf, Caroline Hain, Piotr Bala, Aldo R. Boccaccini
Summary: In vitro cytotoxicity assessment is crucial for the development of new biodegradable implant materials. Zinc has been reported to have excellent in vivo biocompatibility and its mechanical properties can be improved without degrading its biological response. This study investigated the impact of adding silver and magnesium to zinc on in vitro cytocompatibility and antibacterial properties. The results showed no significant differences between the tested zinc-based materials, and the highest LD50 of zinc ions was determined for the zinc-3Ag-0.5Mg alloy.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS RESEARCH PART B-APPLIED BIOMATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Crystallography
Mariyappan Arul Kumar, Marcin Wronski, Irene J. Beyerlein
Summary: Hexagonal close-packed (HCP) magnesium alloys are widely used in automotive and aerospace industries due to their low density and high specific-strength. However, their poor formability and pronounced plastic anisotropy limit their applicability. This work proposes that the formability of Mg alloys can be improved by combining grain refinement and alloying approaches. A crystal-plasticity-based constitutive model is developed to quantitively explore this possibility and identify the optimal microstructure and chemistry for desired Mg alloy performance.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Wlodzimierz Bochniak, Pawel Ostachowski, Andrzej Korbel, Marek Lagoda
Summary: The research in this paper was inspired by theoretical analysis and strong experimental evidence that proved the possibility of inducing viscous flow (typical for liquids) in low-temperature KOBO extrusion of metals. The KOBO plastic deformation process requires lower stress compared to conventional extrusion, while also generating high strength properties and superplastic features at different temperature ranges. The paper presents the results of studying the efficiency of low-temperature KOBO extrusion on hardly-deformable materials, both in massive form and fragmented fractions. The structure and mechanical properties of the obtained extrudates were found to be exceedingly favorable, providing new technological arguments for the application of the KOBO method in plastic deformation of materials.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Andrzej Korbel, Ludwik Blaz, Wlodzimierz Bochniak, Miroslawa Pawlyta, Pawel Ostachowski, Marek Lagoda
Summary: In the study of zinc subjected to severe plastic deformation at low temperature using the KOBO extrusion method, three techniques of micro and nanostructure identification (TEM, STEM, HAADF) were employed. It was found that the long trails pattern observed in the microstructure after KOBO deformation resulted from strain fields of densely spaced nano-sized point defect clusters (SIA clusters). The presence of satellite spots on the diffraction pattern was explained by a periodic arrangement of clusters forming a modulated lattice with a nano-sized wavelength.
METALLOGRAPHY MICROSTRUCTURE AND ANALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
P. Kot, M. Wronski, A. Baczmanski, A. Ludwik, S. Wronski, K. Wierzbanowski, Ch. Scheffzuek, J. Pilch, G. Farkas
Summary: A novel method using neutron diffraction was proposed to determine stresses and critical resolved shear stresses. The advantage of this method is that it directly measures the stresses for grain groups with similar orientations without the need for data interpretation models. It also allows for the determination of the uncertainty of the measured values and an explanation of the anisotropic mechanical behavior of the alloy. The method can also validate intergranular interaction assumptions and reduce the number of unknown parameters in the model.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Anita Olszowka-Myalska, Patryk Wrzesniowski, Pawel Ostachowski, Hanna Myalska-Glowacka, Marcin Godzierz, Dariusz Kuc
Summary: This study presents the effects of 0.5 vol% of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) in magnesium based rods produced by cold and hot forward-backward rotating die extrusion method (KOBO). The macrostructure and microstructure of the rods were examined and it was found that MWCNTs caused the refinement of metal matrix crystallites and improved the properties of the rods. Heating the billets prior to extrusion resulted in higher mechanical properties and lower porosity.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
D. Kolacz, W. Gluchowski, Z. Rdzawski, M. Lagoda, M. Maleta, K. Krukowski, M. Drajewicz
Summary: The article presents the results of rolling magnesium copper castings with microadditives of P, Al, Ti, and Zr. The castings were made in the process of static casting into rods with a diameter of 20 mm. The obtained castings were shaped with a 3% draft into bars of square cross-section and rolled with 20% drafts on average. Mechanical properties and electrical conductivity were examined at different degrees of plastic deformation.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
M. Maleta, W. Gluchowski, Z. Rdzawski, M. Lagoda, J. Domagala
Summary: The influence of the speed of downward semi-continuous casting on the crystal size and mechanical properties of recycled copper after casting and cold deformation was investigated. It was found that increasing the casting speed resulted in refined macrostructure, reduced crystal cross-sectional area, and increased microhardness and ultimate tensile strength.
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Z. RDZAWSkI, P. Kwasniewski, W. Gluchowski, M. Lagoda, M. Maleta, S. Boczkal, K. Franczak
Summary: Copper alloy mating electrodes are commonly used for welding galvanized steel sheets in car body production. This study focuses on the structural changes and mechanical properties of these electrodes caused by the welding process. Through hardness and structural tests on electrode samples, the research aims to better understand the relationship between the structure and properties of welding electrodes during the cyclic welding process.
ARCHIVES OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuai Zhang, Shuye Zhang, Hongzhi Zhou, Kyung-Wook Paik, Tianran Ding, Weimin Long, Sujuan Zhong, Peng He
Summary: Microwave Hybrid Heating (MHH) is a promising method for material joining, allowing for selective and uniform heating. This experimental study focused on investigating the characteristics and reliability of joints made using nano-Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu soldering paste and MHH technique. The research findings showed that the shear strength of the joints reached its peak value under specific microwave power and exposure time, but decreased after thermal shock tests.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Peibin Ma, Mingyang Wang, Aiying Chen, Lijian Gu, Zhiyi Ding, Xiaogui Wang, Bin Gan
Summary: Nano-twinned boundaries in high-temperature alloys play a crucial role in regulating the distribution of nano-precipitates and enhancing mechanical properties.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiachen Zhang, Fan Lu, Xinxin Liu, Taiwen Huang, Rui Li, Changsheng Tan, Guojun Zhang, Lin Liu
Summary: This study investigates the effects of Re and Ta interactions on the precipitation of the TCP phase in experimental alloys under long-term thermal exposure. The study finds that microstructure segregation is not fully eliminated even with standard heat treatment, and the interaction between Re and Ta enhances the formation of the TCP phase. Thermodynamic calculations and first-principles analysis reveal that Re significantly improves the driving force of TCP phase precipitation. The study also observes a phase transition from the sigma-phase to the P-phase, with Ni playing a crucial role in the diffusion process.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ronit Roy, Adil Shaik, Matthew Topping, Fei Long, Mark R. Daymond
Summary: This study demonstrates the improvements in characterizing localized dislocation distribution using the HR-EBSD method compared to the conventional approach. Two extreme examples of deformation conditions were investigated to show the efficacy of HR-EBSD in identifying dislocations and subtle features. The direct correlation between slip bands and HR-EBSD estimated GNDs is also presented, enhancing the scope of this approach in identifying individual slip bands.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wenshan Guo, Hui Zhang, Qingjun Zhou, Guangchun Xiao, Ning Guo, Wei Zhao, Gang Wang
Summary: The microstructures and corrosion resistance of TC11 components were significantly improved using a high-power, high-speed laser metal deposition (LMD) process and subsequent post-heat treatment, with greater improvements observed in the deposition direction. The significant improvement of corrosion resistance in the deposition direction is mainly due to the weakening of the charged galvanic corrosion effect between the non-interlayer zone and interlayer zone.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuai Xu, Rui Cao, Junheng Gao, Yu Zhang, Haitao Zhao, Shuize Wang, Yuhe Huang, Guilin Wu, Honghui Wu, Chaolei Zhang, Xinping Mao
Summary: In this study, the microstructures and mechanical properties of interphase precipitation strengthening micro-alloyed steels were investigated. The addition of Cr was found to increase the yield strength without significant decrease of ductility. Thermodynamics analysis revealed that the addition of Cr led to grain refinement and decrease of sheet spacing of nanoprecipitates. Calculations showed that the decrease of interphase-precipitated carbides sheet spacing and the refinement of grain size were responsible for the strength enhancement of Cr microalloyed steel.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhaoxin Zhong, Biao Zhang, Yuhan Ren, Jian Ye, Jiawei Zhang, Feng Ye
Summary: In this study, bioinspired web-liked multiphase composites were successfully constructed using boron-modified polysilazane polymer. The composites consisted of long TiB nanowires as 'web' and hybrid TiC and Ti3Si particles as 'nodes'. The enhanced strength of these composites was attributed to the synergistic load transfer of the hybrid reinforcements. This study provides a promising design approach for developing high-performance composites with high reinforcement content, utilizing polymer instead of traditional ceramic powder.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Geng Liu, Linran Yu, Jie Su, Ran Ding, Min Xiong, Qi Gao
Summary: In this study, a flash austenitization heat treatment approach was used to achieve a dual-phase microstructure consisting of retained austenite and fine-grained ferrite in low-carbon TRIP steel. Phase-field simulations revealed the acceleration of ferrite transition kinetics in the Mn-depleted region and the influence of chemical heterogeneity of C and Mn on the stabilization of austenite.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhichao Yang, Dehui Zheng, Zhen Wang, Tingbin Liang, Shuangbao Wang
Summary: In this study, the configurations, formation process, and properties of the Cu-rich layer formed during TJE of Al alloys were revealed using aberration-corrected scanning TEM (STEM), STEM image simulations, and first-principles calculations. The results showed a new orientation relationship between the Cu-rich layer and Al matrix, and provided insights into the formation mechanisms of the Cu-rich layer and Cu diffusion zone.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shuai Chen, Ruyu Tian, Jiayue Wen, Yanhong Tian
Summary: In this study, the interfacial microstructure evolution and reliability of Cu/Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305)/Ni and Cu/Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu-0.05TiO2 (SAC305-0.05TiO2)/Ni interconnections under thermal shock were investigated. The results showed that the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles can suppress the growth of interfacial IMCs and improve the reliability of the connections.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yunbin Lu, Yangju Feng, Wei Wang, Wenke Wang, Jianlei Yang, Wenzhen Chen, Guorong Cui, Dongdong Zhuang, Hongyang Cao
Summary: In order to improve the wear resistance of titanium alloy, titanium matrix composites with network distributed TiBw were fabricated. The results showed that the wear rate of the composites decreased by 17.2% at room temperature and 38.4% at high temperature compared to the TA15 alloy. The TiBw in the composites enhanced work hardening, improved thermal conductivity, and effectively hindered dislocation movement and promoted dynamic recrystallization during high-temperature wear.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jubert Pasco, Lu Jiang, Thomas Dorin, Ali Keshavarzkermani, Youliang He, Clodualdo Aranas Jr
Summary: The unique structure and solute distribution of CoCrMo alloys produced using Laser Powder Bed Fusion technique require custom heat-treating processes to achieve the targeted phase distribution and mechanical properties. This study investigates the phase transformation behavior and precipitate distribution of CoCrMo samples after aging heat treatment. The results show differences in phase fraction and nucleation sites between directly aged and solution heat-treated samples.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zipeng Ma, Meng Zhou, Baohong Tian, Yi Zhang, Heng Li, Xu Li, Jin Zou, Haoyan Hu, Ke Jing, Yong Liu, Alex A. Volinsky
Summary: In this study, two electrical contact composites were prepared using the vacuum hot pressing sintering endo-oxidation method. The addition of Y2O3 had no negative effects on the electrical conductivity and hardness of the composites. Moreover, it reduced the welding force and arc energy, and improved the stability of the contacts.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Wei Sun, Ning Cui, Shuling Zhang, Tiewei Xu, Xiaopeng Wang, Fantao Kong
Summary: A laminated composite was successfully fabricated and its microstructure and mechanical properties were investigated. The composite exhibited high bonding strength, improved flexural strength and fracture toughness, and superior tensile properties compared to the monolithic alloy.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zih-You Wu, Yin-Ku Lee, Su-Yueh Tsai, Po-Yu Chen, Jenq-Gong Duh
Summary: With the development of the artificial intelligence (AI) industries, electronic packaging is advancing towards high density, high efficiency, and multi-functionality. The application of microbumps is necessary to achieve high density and small-scale interconnection. In this study, three types of full intermetallic compounds (IMCs) bumps were fabricated, and the mechanical and thermal properties of IMCs were analyzed. The results showed that the full IMCs bumps with added Ni and Zn exhibited consistent structure and excellent thermal stability, providing a reliable microstructure for application.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2024)