Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Mauricio Jentys, Christian Breitsamter
Summary: This paper presents the computational fluid dynamics results of a transonic transport aircraft wing with a hybrid laminar flow control (HLFC) and variable camber (VC) technology coupling. The study aims to quantitatively assess the synergistic effects of aerodynamic drag reduction by combining the active surface pressure distribution control through VC and the passive natural laminar flow feature of HLFC. Modeling approaches for VC integration and boundary layer suction into the CFD workflow are presented. The results show that optimized ADHF settings and boundary layer suction can reduce overall drag and increase the extent of laminar flow for appropriate ADHF deflection angles.
AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Tongtong Tao, Zhaochang Wang, Jiawei Ji, Yuhang Guo, Yongqing Zhu, Xidong Hu, Kun Liu, Yunlong Jiao
Summary: In this study, a deflecting air cavity generation strategy utilizing superhydrophobic area occupancy and impact angle control is reported. The influence of these factors on water entry dynamics and drag reduction characteristics of spheres is investigated through experimental and theoretical analysis. The results show that the deflection displacement of a hemispherically coated sphere reaches its maximum when the impact angle is 90 degrees. The SHB region-modulated sphere exhibits different air cavity morphologies and achieves faster movement with reduced drag.
Article
Entomology
Rabiya Korkmaz, Hamed Rajabi, Shahab Eshghi, Stanislav N. Gorb, Thies H. Buescher
Summary: This study examined the frequency and characteristics of wing damage in the migratory butterfly Vanessa cardui. The results showed that the hindwings were more prone to damage than the forewings, with different patterns of damage on different wing margins. This study provides insights into the potential strategies for coping with wing damage in migratory insects.
Article
Mechanics
J. M. Floryan, N. N. Haq
Summary: The study focused on the effects of surface vibrations on propulsion augmentation and resistance in the relative movement of parallel plates. It was found that wave velocity plays a crucial role in flow resistance, with slower waves tending to increase flow resistance, while supercritical waves generally decrease resistance and can lead to a complete elimination of resistance.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Qian Mao, Jiazhen Zhao, Yingzheng Liu, Hyung Jin Sung
Summary: This study investigates the hydrodynamic mechanism of drag reduction by a flexible hairy coating through simulations and experimental data comparison, revealing the importance of flexible hairy coatings in drag reduction and the effects of different parts of the coating on drag reduction.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Longyin Jiao, J. M. Floryan
Summary: Analysis of pressure losses in laminar, pressure-gradient-driven channel flows with wall transpiration shows that reduction in effective channel opening, nonlinear streaming, and elimination of direct contact between fluid and walls influence these losses. Proper selection of transpiration pattern can reduce pressure losses, with nonlinear streaming being the dominant effect. Increasing transpiration at both walls can further decrease losses when in proper relative position, but concentrating transpiration at a single wave number achieves the largest reduction. The use of transpiration increases energy cost of flow, with optimization of conditions leading to minimization of this cost for most effective propulsion augmentation.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
M. Z. Hossain, J. M. Floryan
Summary: It is found that applying thermal waves on a horizontal slot surface can generate a pumping effect. The change in flow field due to thermal inertia drives the net fluid movement in the horizontal direction. The induced flow rate increases with wave speed but decreases when the convection becomes limited. Excessive wavelength and excessive decrease in wavelength reduce the flow rate. The pumping effect can be optimized by selecting the appropriate wave speed and wavelength of the thermal wave. The magnitude of pumping increases with a reduction of Prandtl number.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Azadeh Jafari, Beverley J. McKeon, Maziar Arjomandi
Summary: The potential of frequency-tuned surfaces as a passive control strategy for reducing drag in wall-bounded turbulent flows is investigated using resolvent analysis. It is shown that wall impedance can suppress the modes resembling the near-wall cycle and the very-large-scale motions and the Reynolds stress contribution of these modes. Furthermore, a wall with only shear-driven impedance is found to suppress turbulent structures over a wider range in spectral space, leading to an overall turbulent drag reduction.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Zhouwei Fan, Xiongqing Yu, Ning Qin, Maolin Zhu
Summary: The study shows that the low-sweep transonic natural laminar flow wing with shock control bumps has potential benefits in reducing fuel consumption, decreasing maximum takeoff weight, and lowering direct operating costs for commercial aircraft.
JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yayun Shi, Charles A. Mader, Joaquim R. R. A. Martins
Summary: This paper develops a discrete, adjoint-based optimization framework that considers Tollmien and Schlichting waves, as well as crossflow instabilities, to model interference and transition mechanisms successfully. By optimizing and extending the laminar region on the wing surface, the drag coefficient is reduced by 43.34%.
STRUCTURAL AND MULTIDISCIPLINARY OPTIMIZATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Giulio Foggi Rota, Alessandro Monti, Marco E. Rosti, Maurizio Quadrio
Summary: Viscous dissipation in fluid flows causes significant energy losses. Laminar flows in ducts have minimum resistance, while turbulence increases friction and energy requirements for pumping. A novel technique of intermittently pumping the flow accelerates it to a quasi-laminar state, saving energy compared to constant pumping and reducing harmful emissions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Thermodynamics
Wenchi Gong, Jun Shen, Wei Dai, Ke Li, Maoqiong Gong
Summary: Research on heat transfer enhancement in pipe flow shows that improved thermal performance comes at the expense of increased pressure drop, which needs to be considered in practical applications. Drag reduction (DR) technology is seen as a promising solution to this issue and has attracted increasing attention. This paper categorizes different DR technologies and reviews their development, highlighting their impacts on heat transfer and potential future applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Chen Ji, Bing Liu, Shi-bin Li, Wei Huang, Li Yan
Summary: The numerical study of porous opposing jet scheme on the blunt body's leading edge reveals that it can effectively reduce drag and provide thermal protection for the hypersonic vehicle. The impact of changing the parameters of the opposing jet on drag reduction and thermal protection is significant, with odd number of jet orifices showing better performance than even numbers.
AEROSPACE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Andrey M. Nechval, Vera I. Muratova, Anvar R. Valeev, Chen Yang, Radmir R. Tashbulatov
Summary: Experimental results show that the hydraulic efficiency is highest within a specific Reynolds number range and a certain additive concentration; increasing the additive concentration improves hydraulic efficiency, but the effectiveness decreases after exceeding a certain concentration. This is due to turbulent behavior in the flow and an increase in intermolecular interaction caused by polymer entanglement.
JOURNAL OF PIPELINE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Li Li, Lei Qiao, Jiakuan Xu, Junqiang Bai
Summary: Currently, the aviation industry is facing an oil and energy crisis, and aircraft design approaches such as aerodynamic shape optimization and active control technology have been effective in reducing fuel burn, noise, and emissions. However, the design problems of relaxed static stability (RSS) and truss-braced wing (TBW) configurations are often studied separately, and the combination of exploration and refined design is rarely presented. This study aims to evaluate the benefits of RSS on a full TBW wing-body-tail configuration and explore the potential by combining shape optimization and RSS.
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
A. A. Mehraban, M. H. Djavareshkian, Y. Sayegh, B. Forouzi Feshalami, Y. Azargoon, A. H. Zaree, M. Hassanalian
Summary: This study investigates the performance of sinusoidal leading-edge wings at low Reynolds numbers and the role of smart flaps in aerodynamics. Results show that using smart flaps in sinusoidal leading-edge wings can delay stall, while using smart flaps in smooth leading-edge wings can advance stall. Wings with smart flaps generally have a higher lift to drag ratio due to their excellent performance in producing lift.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART G-JOURNAL OF AEROSPACE ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
G. Throneberry, M. Hassanalian, C. M. Hocut, A. Abdelkefi
Summary: This paper investigates the impacts of vibratory-based actuation mechanisms on power consumption for a flapping-wing micro air vehicle. Linear and nonlinear vibratory actuation mechanisms were considered, with results showing that adjusting actuation mechanism parameters can enhance and optimize system performance. The results also indicated that resonance phenomenon and linear damping are critical factors in minimizing power consumption.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohamed Ali, Ahmed K. Alkaabi, Yacine Addad
Summary: The study evaluates the potential of integrating a latent heat thermal energy storage system in a nuclear power plant to enhance its capability to operate in a load-following mode. By vertically orienting the triplex-tube containers and circulating two different fluids within the storage system, it can function both as a storage system and a heat exchanger.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mostafa Hassanalian, Amir Mirzaeinia, Niyem Bawana, Frank Heppner
Summary: The paper investigates the flocking flight of Northern Bald Ibises and their induced drag during the flock, showing that as the size of the flock increases, the drag force reduces. Different wingtip spacing effects on the total drag of the flock are analyzed, along with the fraction of drag reduction of individual ibises. It is suggested that ibises can save energy through different arrangements of flock members during long flights to migrate further.
JOURNAL OF BIONIC ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
M. K. Riahi, M. Ali, Y. Addad, E. Abu-Nada
Summary: This study focuses on the finite element discretization of nanofluid convective transport in an enclosure with variable properties. A numerical scheme is developed to solve the transport equation in the Buongiorno model using the Stream-Upwind Petrov-Galerkin regularization approach. The numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed method in achieving reasonably good agreement with experimental data.
JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Grace Tenorio, Anna Zagrai, William Allen, Mostafa Hassanalian
Summary: This paper investigates the thermal effects of body color in penguins through analytical and observational analyses. The results show that the dark dorsal color of penguins is effective in reducing skin drag in water and achieving energy efficiency through color-based surface warming.
JOURNAL OF BIONIC ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Mohamed Ali, Ahmed K. Alkaabi, Jeong Ik Lee
Summary: The current numerical study investigates the integration of a phase change material-based thermal energy storage system within a nuclear power plant to enhance its ability to follow variations in power grid demand. The results show that the suggested system is capable of efficiently following the daily variation of the grid demand, providing stable power output.
NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ahmed Aboelezz, Brenden Herkenhoff, Mostafa Hassanalian
Summary: The color of a bird's feathers serves multiple purposes, including attracting mates, hiding from predators, and improving flight performance. A new theory suggests that the dark color pattern on a bird's feathers not only reduces drag, but also enhances overall flight performance. Different color patterns result in different improvements in flight performance due to variations in hot and cold surfaces on the bird's skin. Experimental results and computational fluid dynamics simulations support this theory.
JOURNAL OF BIONIC ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Mohamed Ali, Ahmed K. Alkaabi, Saeed A. Alameri, Imran Afgan
Summary: Baffle jetting is crucial for the safe operation of nuclear power plants. Large eddy simulations provide insights into the flow and heat transfer characteristics under baffle jetting conditions.
Article
Remote Sensing
Ahmed Aboelezz, David Wetz, Jane Lehr, Pedram Roghanchi, Mostafa Hassanalian
Summary: The mining industry has shown growing interest in using drones for routine activities in underground and surface mines. Designing a drone for coal mines is complex due to strict guidelines from the Mine Safety and Health Administration. This paper explores the challenges of creating an intrinsically safe drone propulsion system for underground coal mining.
Article
Thermodynamics
Imran Afgan, Yacine Kahil, Sofiane Benhamadouche, Mohamed Ali, Ahmed Alkaabi, Abdallah Sofiane Berrouk, Pierre Sagaut
Summary: This study investigates the heat transfer and flow characteristics of cross-flow over two heated infinite cylinders in a tandem configuration. Large Eddy Simulations (LES) using the dynamic Smagorinsky model were conducted at a fixed Reynolds number of 3,000. The results show that the flow structures vary according to the cylinder gap ratio, and the average Nusselt number experiences a drastic variation at a critical spacing ratio.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND FLUID FLOW
(2023)
Review
Engineering, Aerospace
Huihui Sun, Hao Yan, Mostafa Hassanalian, Junguo Zhang, Abdessattar Abdelkefi
Summary: Unmanned air vehicle (UAV) systems have shown great economic benefits in forestry applications compared to traditional platforms. This paper provides an overview of the state-of-the-art UAV systems in the forestry field, focusing on their applications in wood production, tree quantification, disease control, wildfire management, wildlife conservation, species classification, etc. It also discusses practical applications in various forestry environments and analyzes the challenges of UAV systems deployment from environmental characterization, maneuverability and mobility improvement, and global regulatory interpretation.
Review
Remote Sensing
Chris Dinelli, John Racette, Mario Escarcega, Simon Lotero, Jeffrey Gordon, James Montoya, Chase Dunaway, Vasileios Androulakis, Hassan Khaniani, Sihua Shao, Pedram Roghanchi, Mostafa Hassanalian
Summary: Subterranean openings, including mines, provide a challenging environment for robots and autonomous exploration systems. This review discusses the robotic systems used in such environments, including individual and hybrid types, and their configurations, construction practices, and hardware equipment. It aims to define the state of the art of coupled Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV)-Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) systems for underground exploration and navigation, and provides suggestions for multi-agent robotic system solutions and the development of a semi-autonomous hybrid UGV-UAV system for mine emergency responses.
Review
Remote Sensing
Shahin Darvishpoor, Amirsalar Darvishpour, Mario Escarcega, Mostafa Hassanalian
Summary: This paper presents a comprehensive review of various nature-inspired algorithms and their potential applications in drones. It introduces a classification of these algorithms based on their sources of inspiration and compares their performance on 10 benchmark functions. The paper also provides an overview of optimization problems in drones and potential algorithms to solve them.
Article
Remote Sensing
Abera Tullu, Mostafa Hassanalian, Ho-Yon Hwang
Summary: This paper presents a simple yet effective steerable sensor platform for obstacle avoidance and target tracking in urban areas. The platform is capable of roll and pitch/yaw and has been validated through software-in-the-loop simulation. It provides robust navigation without affecting the aerodynamic stability of unmanned aerial vehicles.
Article
Biology
Aref Maddahi, Adel Saberivand, Hossein Hamali, Farnoosh Jafarpour, Maryam Saberivand
Summary: Heat stress affects the fertility of dairy cattle, but supplementing vitamins E and coenzyme Q10 can alleviate its adverse effects on oocyte maturation and embryo development. Vitamin E was found to be more effective than vitamin C and coenzyme Q10 in improving maturation and cleavage rates, as well as increasing the count of blastocyst cells.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL BIOLOGY
(2024)