Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Seema S. S. Khemalapure, Sudhir M. M. Hiremath, Mahantesha M. M. Basanagouda, Chidanandayya S. S. Hiremath, Varsha V. V. Koppal, S. Christopher Jeyaseelan
Summary: In this study, the spectral and other properties of the 3-(5-bromobenzofuran-3-ylmethyl)-5-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-4H-[1,2,4]triazole (BBT) molecule were reported. Experimental and computational analyses were conducted and compared. The BBT molecule was optimized for overall computational studies. Vibrational analyses, electronic absorption and emission spectra, and solvatochromic studies were carried out. Frontier Molecular Orbital (FMO), Molecular Electrostatic Potential (MEP), molecular docking, and drug likeness studies were also performed.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hafiz Muhammad Abdullah Asif, Shagufta Kamal, Aziz-ur Rehman, Shahid Rasool, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash
Summary: This study describes the synthesis of novel azinane triazole-based derivatives as inhibitors for acetylcholinesterase, alpha-glucosidase, urease, and butyrylcholinesterase. The synthesized compounds showed high inhibition potential against these enzymes, indicating their role in enzyme inhibition properties.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Radia Mahboub
Summary: The investigation on the interaction of 1,2,4-triazoles derivatives using molecular dynamics simulation revealed differences in interaction energies and conformational states in various solvents, with the presence of intermolecular hydrogen bond increasing specific tautomer's interaction energies.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shima Nasri, Mohammad Bayat, Khudaidad Kochia
Summary: Compounds containing 1,2,4-triazole scaffolds play a crucial role in drug discovery, this review article summarizes their pharmacological significance and synthesis strategies, encouraging further research to discover new drug candidates.
MOLECULAR DIVERSITY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sana Saffour, Amal A. AL-Sharabi, Asaf Evrim Evren, Meral Yilmaz Cankilic, Leyla Yurttas
Summary: In this study, thirteen new compounds were synthesized and evaluated for their antifungal and antimicrobial activities. One compound exhibited the best activity and selectivity against Yersinia enterocolitica. Additionally, all compounds showed good activity against filamentous fungi.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Olena O. Pylypenko, Sergiy Okovytyy, Liudmyla K. Sviatenko, Eugene O. Voronkov, Kostyantin P. Shabelnyk, Sergiy Kovalenko
Summary: 1,2,4-Triazole is a widely used scaffold in drug design. Tautomeric phenomena play an important role in studying the chemical reactivity and interaction of drugs based on triazole with biomolecules. This study utilized theoretical modeling to identify the structures of newly synthesized compounds and analyzed the stability and spectra of tautomeric forms.
STRUCTURAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Masrur Khodiev, Utkirjon Holikulov, Abduvakhid Jumabaev, Noureddine Issaoui, Lavrik Nikolay Lvovich, Omar M. Al-Dossary, Leda G. Bousiakoug
Summary: The self-association behavior of 1,2,4-triazole was investigated using DFT method, and the most stable dimer and trimer structures were obtained. The influence of solvents (water and DMSO) on the geometric parameters, atomic charge distribution, molecular electrostatic potential surface, and frontier molecular orbitals of the complexes (dimer and trimer) was analyzed using IEFPCM model. Intermolecular interactions in cyclic and linear complexes were studied using various topological analyses. The simulated IR spectra of monomer, dimer, and trimer were compared with experimental results, and the solvent effect on their vibrational bands was analyzed.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Maja Karnas, Vesna Rastija, Domagoj Subaric, Maja Molnar
Summary: The synthesis of twenty-one new coumarin-1,2,4-triazole hybrids using a green approach was successfully achieved in this study. These compounds showed drug-like properties and exhibited weak to moderate inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase.
CURRENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Yan-En Wang, Dongchen Yang, Jingqian Huo, Lai Chen, Zhanhai Kang, Jianyou Mao, Jinlin Zhang
Summary: Compounds 5av and 5aw showed excellent herbicidal activity in vitro, with over 90% inhibition against tested weeds at concentrations as low as 100 mg/L. Furthermore, they exhibited higher postemergence herbicidal activity than positive controls in a greenhouse setting, while being safe for crops of maize and wheat. Fluorescent binding experiments and molecular docking analyses indicated strong TK inhibitory activity of 5av and 5aw, making them promising herbicide candidates for weed control in wheat and maize fields.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shengmei Guo, Yuyang Zhang, Jianyan Huang, Lin Kong, Jiaxiang Yang
Summary: This study developed a dual-state blue emission material with high emission efficiency in both solution and solid states, successfully synthesizing and investigating its fluorescence behavior mechanism. The material can be utilized for picric acid detection in solution and exhibits high emission performance in the solid state.
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Gurleen Singh, Nancy George, Riddima Singh, Gurjaspreet Singh, Sushma, Gurpreet Kaur, Harminder Singh, Jandeep Singh
Summary: This review focuses on the 1,2,3-triazole-based sensor probes synthesized selectively by CuAAC, which have the ability to detect single or multiple ions under specific conditions. The review also discusses the techniques and sensing mechanisms involved in ion detection using chemosensor probes.
APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Yuanqin Zheng, Yuqiao Zhou, Shichao Jiang, Xinyu Xie, Guangxi Du, Xin Shen, Xiaohu Zhao, Zhipeng Yu
Summary: A metal-free strategy for constructing deep-blue emissive bicyclic triazolines with high photoluminescent quantum yields has been developed. The resulting triazoline frameworks exhibit strong blue emissions in both solution and solid state, and have great potential for the development of new blue luminescent materials. Time-dependent density-functional theory calculations and crystallographic analysis reveal the factors affecting the fluorescence quantum yields of the triazolines. Additionally, the triazolines show excellent stability and low cytotoxicity, making them suitable for live-cell imaging.
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pirudhan Karak, P. A. Sreelakshmi, Barsha Chakraborty, Manisha Pal, Bitasik Khatua, Apurba Lal Koner, Joyanta Choudhury
Summary: An unusual hidden reactivity of the 1,2,4-triazole backbone involving the N-N bond-cleaving ring-opening reaction was unveiled. This reaction allowed the synthesis of unsymmetrically substituted 2,2-dipyridylamines and consequently the preparation of unsymmetrical boron aza-dipyridylmethene fluorescent dyes suitable for intracellular selective lipid droplet imaging studies.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yongxing Tang, Ziwei An, Ajay Kumar Chinnam, Richard J. Staples, Jean'ne M. Shreeve
Summary: 3,6-Diamino-1H-[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-b][1,2,4]triazole and its energetic salts were designed and synthesized based on a fused-triazole backbone with superior thermostability. The compounds exhibit high thermal stability and promising potential as building blocks for very thermally stable energetic materials.
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
David Sambade, Cameron Collins, Gerard Parkin
Summary: The molecular structures of two 1,2,4-triazole thiones derived from Nitron have been determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, showing changes in bond lengths related to the formation of thiones. Analysis based on natural bond orbital methods predicted bond order differences and resonance structures for the thione groups.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
(2021)
Article
Entomology
Monika Kedzierska-Matysek, Anna Teter, Mariusz Florek, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Agnieszka Niemczynowicz, Alicja Matwijczuk, Grzegorz Czernel, Piotr Skalecki, Bozena Gladyszewska
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess and characterize a selection of honey varieties using physicochemical, FTIR, and chemometric analysis. The research measured multiple parameters and used FTIR spectra to identify the origin and differences in sugar fractions of the honey varieties. The results demonstrated the high applicability of multi-dimensional statistical analysis for determining discrepancies, similarities, and structural characteristics of honey.
JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Magdalena Kachel, Malgorzata Stryjecka, Lidia Slusarczyk, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Iwona Budziak-Wieczorek, Grzegorz Gladyszewski
Summary: The use of fertilizers containing metal nanoparticles (AgNPs and CuNPs) during the plant growth stage of winter rape cultivation resulted in decreased seed quality and improved antioxidative properties of the oil.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jakub W. Strawa, Katarzyna Jakimiuk, Bozena Pawlikowska-Pawlega, Wieslaw Gruszecki, Justyna Kapral-Piotrowska, Adrian Wiater, Michal Tomczyk
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction, location, and influence of flavonoids isolated from two plant species on model lipid membranes. The results showed that these compounds incorporated into the polar head region or water/membrane interface of the lipid membranes. They affected the ester carbonyl groups and caused reorganization of the polar zone of the liposomes. The NMR technique confirmed the locations of the compounds and revealed their modifying effect towards lipid membranes.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ewa Grela, Sylwia Staczek, Monika Nowak, Bozena Pawlikowska-Pawlega, Agnieszka Zdybicka-Barabas, Sebastian Janik, Malgorzata Cytrynska, Wojciech Grudzinski, Wieslaw I. Gruszecki, Rafal Luchowski
Summary: We report a new method using albumin (BSA) to formulate Amphotericin B (AmB), which is highly effective against Candida albicans at low concentrations, reducing toxicity to patients. Molecular spectroscopy and imaging techniques reveal that the AmB-BSA complex readily binds to fungal cell membranes and does not form potentially toxic drug aggregates.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sebastian Janik, Ewa Grela, Sylwia Staczek, Agnieszka Zdybicka-Barabas, Rafal Luchowski, Wieslaw I. Gruszecki, Wojciech Grudzinski
Summary: Amphotericin B-silver hybrid nanoparticles (AmB-Ag) are highly effective in combating fungi by disrupting the cell membrane.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Renata Rozylo, Ryszard Amarowicz, Michal Adam Janiak, Marek Domin, Slawomir Gawlowski, Ryszard Kulig, Grzegorz Lysiak, Klaudia Rzad, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk
Summary: Red raspberries, rich in nutrients and phytochemicals, can be used to create supplements. This study investigated the production of micronized raspberry powders and analyzed their molecular characteristics, sugar content, and biological potential. The results showed that micronization broke the intramolecular hydrogen bonds, increasing the content of simple sugars and phenolic compounds. Micronized powders had higher concentrations of ellagic acid derivatives and rutin, and exhibited increased antioxidant activity.
Article
Plant Sciences
Monika Zubik-Duda, Rafal Luchowski, Magdalena Maksim, Artur Nosalewicz, Piotr Zglobicki, Agnieszka Katarzyna Banas, Wojciech Grudzinski, Wieslaw I. Gruszecki
Summary: The safe and smooth functioning of photosynthesis in plants is ensured by various regulatory mechanisms, including chloroplast movements and quenching of electronic excitations. A study using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy of Arabidopsis thaliana leaves found that these mechanisms operate over a wide range of light intensities. Impaired chloroplast movements do not affect photoprotection at the molecular level, indicating the one-way information flow from the photosynthetic apparatus to the cellular level. The presence of zeaxanthin is necessary and sufficient for the full development of photoprotective quenching in plants.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Sybilla Nazarewicz, Katarzyna Kozlowicz, Bozena Gladyszewska, Klaudia Rzad, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Zbigniew Kobus, Eva Ivanisova, Lubos Harangozo, Tomasz Skrzypek
Summary: This study investigates the impact of ultrasonic treatment as an alternative to traditional pasteurization on ice cream properties. A strawberry seed oil oleogel was added to the ice cream recipe as the fat component. Chemical composition and physical properties of the ice cream were analyzed, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used for molecular-level analysis. The ice cream treated with ultrasound showed higher dry matter and carbohydrate contents, lower fat content, higher freezing point temperature, and more frozen water compared to traditionally pasteurized ice cream. This study demonstrates that ultrasonic treatment can be a beneficial alternative in ice cream production.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wojciech Grudzinski, Rafal Luchowski, Jan Ostrowski, Alicja Sek, Maria Manuela Mendes Pinto, Renata Welc-Stanowska, Monika Zubik-Duda, Grzegorz Teresinski, Robert Rejdak, Wieslaw I. Gruszecki
Summary: Resonance Raman spectroscopy and confocal imaging were used to investigate the high efficiency of zeaxanthin in filtering excessive light intensity in the central part of the retina, which can protect the photoreceptors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katarzyna Pastuszak, Bozena Kowalczyk, Jacek Tarasiuk, Rafal Luchowski, Wieslaw I. I. Gruszecki, Malgorzata Jurak, Marta Palusinska-Szysz
Summary: The study shows that the human cathelicidin LL-37 can bind to the cell membrane of Legionella gormanii, causing membrane disruption and cell death.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Renata Welc-Stanowska, Rafal Pietras, Bohun Mielecki, Marcin Sarewicz, Rafal Luchowski, Justyna Widomska, Wojciech Grudzinski, Artur Osyczka, Wieslaw I. Gruszecki
Summary: In this study, the antioxidant activity of carotenoids in biomembranes was investigated. The quenching activity of lutein and zeaxanthin in singlet oxygen generation was measured in lipid vesicles using a fluorescent probe and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. The results showed that xanthophylls act as a barrier to the penetration of molecular oxygen into lipid membranes, especially in the 13-cis configuration. This photoisomerization of xanthophylls is a regulatory mechanism important for light filtration and photoprotection.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iwona Budziak-Wieczorek, Vladimir Masan, Klaudia Rzad, Bozena Gladyszewska, Dariusz Karcz, Patrik Burg, Alice Cizkova, Mariusz Gagos, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk
Summary: The FTIR-ATR method coupled with multivariate analysis was used to characterize different varieties of wine grown in the Moravia region of Czech Republic. The results showed clear separation between the wine samples and high classification rates. FTIR spectroscopy studies combined with chemometrics can provide rapid analysis of multiple wine components with minimal sample preparation, contributing to the improvement of wine quality.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Magdalena Kachel, Anna Krawczuk, Marta Krajewska, Stanislaw Parafiniuk, Tomasz Guz, Klaudia Rzad, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk
Summary: The study compared the effects of vegetable oil-based and mineral oil-based preservatives on different types of wood, finding that the vegetable oil-based preservative was more susceptible to biodegradation and had less penetration into the wood structure compared to the mineral oil-based preservative. Both types of preservatives decreased the wettability of pine and oak wood while increasing the wettability of aspen wood. The vegetable oil-based preservative also exhibited better water absorption reduction in all types of wood, reducing the mass of soaked wood by 19.73-66.90%.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Monika Wojcik, Dariusz Dziki, Arkadiusz Matwijczuk, Urszula Gawlik-Dziki
Summary: This study assessed the physical, chemical, and sensory changes in low-carbohydrate bread when supplemented with walnut flour (WF). The addition of WF increased loaf volume and decreased baking loss. Enriched bread samples showed higher protein content, while fat and available carbohydrate content decreased. Moreover, bread with a 15% WF content was highly accepted by consumers.
Article
Optics
R. B. Adamov, G. A. Melentev, I. V. Sedova, S. V. Sorokin, G. V. Klimko, I. S. Makhov, D. A. Firsov, V. A. Shalygin
Summary: This study investigates the THz luminescence in doped nanostructures with GaAs/AlGaAs quantum wells under interband optical pumping. The results show that the spatial separation of donors and acceptors can greatly enhance the integrated intensity of THz emission.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
Yanru Li, Lei Zhong, Sha Jiang, Yutong Wang, Binyao Huang, Guotao Xiang, Li Li, Yongjie Wang, Chuan Jing, Xianju Zhou
Summary: In this study, a ratiometric luminescent thermometry based on dual-emission centers was developed using co-doped CaNb2O6 phosphors with Bi3+ and Pr3+. The obtained samples exhibited good thermosensitive and thermochromic characteristics, with a maximum absolute sensitivity of 0.09 K-1 @ 528 K and a maximum relative sensitivity of 2.17 % K-1 @ 453 K.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
Yujing Gong, Yeqing Wang, Zhiyuan Wang, Yijian Sun, Yi Yu
Summary: Single crystals of Dy3+ single-doped and Dy3+/Tb3+ co-doped CaYAlO4 were grown and analyzed. The incorporation of Tb3+ resulted in increased absorption and emission cross sections. The fluorescence lifetimes and branching ratios of the yellow emission were affected by the presence of Tb3+. The deactivation effect of Tb3+ ions and energy transfer mechanism were also discussed.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
Lu Chen, Zhuangzhuang Ma, Jian Chen, Wang Guo
Summary: This study focuses on enhancing the thermal robustness of phosphor converter materials by preparing composite ceramics of YAG:Ce combined with high-thermal-conductivity MgO. The composite ceramics showed high density and thermal conductivity at the optimum temperature of 1400℃. Stable laser-driven white light was obtained under blue laser excitation.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
Yuwei Wu, Chunhui Niu, Lei Wang, Mingqing Yang, Shiyu Zhang
Summary: Er3+-doped germanate-tellurite glasses were prepared and their structure, luminescent, and temperature-sensing properties were studied. The glass exhibited large values of O2 and O6 and its luminescence intensity varied with temperature.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
Kensei Ichiba, Takumi Kato, Kenichi Watanabe, Yuma Takebuchi, Daisuke Nakauchi, Noriaki Kawaguchi, Takayuki Yanagida
Summary: In this study, Eu-doped YVO4 single crystals with different concentrations were fabricated to evaluate their photoluminescence and scintillation properties. The results showed that the samples doped with Eu exhibited emission peaks due to 4f-4f transitions in PL and scintillation spectra. Based on the pulse height spectra, the light yield of the Eu-doped samples increased with increasing Eu concentration, while the afterglow level decreased.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
Daiwen Xiao, Hei-Yui Kai, Anjun Huang, Menglin Song, Ka-Leung Wong, Peter A. Tanner
Summary: The emission spectra of Cs2NaEuCl6 nanoparticles synthesized by the hot injection method are explained. The dispersion of the nanoparticles in alkane solvents in the experiment allows the determination of the magnetic dipole radiative rate for the D-5(0) -F-7(1) channel in vacuum, which is in agreement with the calculated value.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
Italia V. Barbosa, Geraldine Dantelle, Alain Ibanez, Lauro J. Q. Maia
Summary: The thermal response and luminescence properties of different oxide matrices were evaluated to design more accurate thermal probes. It was found that thermal probes emitting in BW-II provide better thermal sensing with higher signal-to-noise ratio. Additionally, doping Nd3+ in Y2O3 matrix maximizes luminescence intensity, making it a promising matrix for thermal sensing.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
Xin Li, Yu Zhang, Hongrui Ren, Lunlong Xie, Yinsheng Di, Mengqing Han, Zhaohui Bai, Quansheng Liu, Liangliang Zhang, Jiahua Zhang
Summary: This study successfully prepared phosphor samples based on Ca3-xLuxSc2-xMgxSi3O12:Ce3+ and investigated their luminescence properties. With the increase in Lu-Mg concentration, the peak of the sample redshifted, but the thermal stability gradually decreased. The LD devices made from CLSMS:Ce3+ fluorescent materials showed a decrease in cyan-green light and an increase in red light as the Lu-Mg concentration increased.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
Tim Pier, Julia Hopster, Thomas Juestel
Summary: This study investigates and reports on several samples of cerium-activated gallium-based garnet phosphors. The optimal activator concentration was found to be 1 atom-%. The size of non-emitting lanthanide ions and the molar concentration of cerium strongly influenced the crystal field splitting, which in turn shaped the excitation and emission wavelengths.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
Guijie Zhao, Wei Shi, Xin Xin, Fengcai Ma, Yongqing Li
Summary: This study reveals for the first time the proton transfer pathways and changes in the photophysical properties of P-TNS with three intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The reaction mechanism and driving force for the proton transfer process are explained through analysis of potential energy surface, frontier molecular orbitals, and hydrogen bond parameters, among others.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
Li He, Jinshu Huang, Zhengce An, Haozhang Huang, Yu Zhao, Kexin Zhong, Bo Zhou
Summary: In this study, we designed a NaYF4:Yb3+/Tm3+@NaYF4 core-shell nanostructure to achieve thermochromic upconversion and high thermal sensitivity. We found that the blue upconversion emission of Tm3+ decreased while the deep-red emission increased with elevating temperature. The sample also showed a gradual emission color change from blue to purplish-red, and the optimal relative sensitivity reached 2.79% K-1.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
Rupesh A. Talewar
Summary: A series of Li2TiO3 phosphors doped with Mn4+ and codoped with Mn4+ and Er3+ were synthesized, which demonstrated the ability of Mn4+ ions to absorb UV-Vis photons and subsequently transfer energy to Er3+ ions, resulting in the emission of near-infrared light. These materials have the potential to enhance the absorption efficiency of Er3+-based luminescent materials.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
Xingyuan Ma, Jianfeng Li
Summary: Carbon quantum dots (CQDs) with tunable photoluminescence properties have been synthesized using suitable carbon and dopant sources in an aqueous system. The synthesized CQDs exhibited blue, green, yellow, and red emissions, and solid-state luminescence was achieved through the preparation of solid-state fluorescent films and phosphors. This study provides important technical support for the future development of CQDs synthesis.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
Article
Optics
De Bin Fu, Yang Bing Xu, Yu Teng Zhang, Shan Ting Liu, Xiao Fei Yang, Sheng Hua Liu
Summary: A pair of new chiral molecules, (S)-4 and (R)-4, have been designed and synthesized by introducing valine-containing groups at symmetrical positions on the periphery of an indolo[3,2-b]carbazole unit. These molecules exhibit aggregation-induced circular dichroism (AICD) properties in DMF/water mixtures, and in a mixture with 99% water fraction, they show strong, mirror-image, blue circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) signals.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2024)
