Review
Neurosciences
Kari R. Hoyt, Karl Obrietan
Summary: The circadian timing system modulates basic processes in mammals, including the central nervous system. Recent studies have shown that the clock timing system influences complex behavioral states such as learning, memory, and mood. The clock affects cellular signaling events, gene networks, and synaptic circuits, shaping cognitive capacity over the circadian cycle. Dysregulation of circadian timing, particularly in cortical and limbic circuits, is associated with cognitive impairments in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Disruption of timing could accelerate AD pathogenesis, leading to a further disruption of the circadian timing system. Potential therapeutic approaches to strengthen cellular timing networks may improve cognitive capacity in AD patients.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2022)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
M. I. Holubiec, M. Gellert, E. M. Hanschmann
Summary: Reduction and oxidation reactions play essential roles in biochemical processes and cellular signaling. In Alzheimer's disease, oxidative stress is associated with abnormal protein processing and phosphorylation, with cysteinyl residues playing important roles. The use of various models and new technologies can provide a deeper understanding of the importance of redox signaling in Alzheimer's disease and help identify new therapeutic targets.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Kai Zhang, Qi-Wen Guan, Xin-Yu Zhou, Qin-Xuan Xia, Xi-Xi Yin, Hong-Hao Zhou, Xiao-Yuan Mao
Summary: Connexins are transmembrane proteins with both channel and non-channel properties, regulated by factors including intracellular and extracellular cues. The interaction between redox signaling and Connexins plays a crucial role in channel function and metabolite transfer, serving as a potential target for disease pathology and therapeutic interventions.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Vujic, Amy N. M. Koo, Hiran A. Prag, Thomas Krieg
Summary: Mitochondria play a crucial role in cellular processes and heart function, with communication between mitochondria and the nucleus maintaining cardiomyocyte homeostasis. Excessive generation of ROS can lead to irreversible cell damage, contributing to various pathologies. Additionally, myocardial impairments are associated with specific metabolic changes and dysregulated inflammatory responses.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Jose-Ramon Blanco, Eva M. Verdugo-Sivianes, Ana Amiama, Sandra Munoz-Galvan
Summary: Circadian genes have an impact on hormonal, metabolic, and immunological pathways and are implicated in some infectious diseases. Understanding the mechanisms linking circadian rhythms and viral infections is important for personalized precision medicine.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ana Cristina Simoes e Silva, Eduardo A. A. Oliveira, Wai W. W. Cheung, Robert R. H. Mak
Summary: Redox signaling alterations contribute to CKD-associated cachexia. This review summarizes studies on the redox pathophysiology in CKD-associated cachexia and muscle wasting, and discusses potential therapeutic approaches using antioxidant and anti-inflammatory molecules to restore redox homeostasis. Antioxidant molecules have been studied in experimental models and patients with CKD, and oxidative stress is increased in CKD due to factors such as uremic toxins, inflammation, and metabolic and hormone alterations. Rehabilitation and anti-inflammatory molecules have shown beneficial effects for CKD-associated cachexia, and experimental studies have shown the importance of oxidative stress through the use of antioxidant therapies. Further studies are needed for potential therapies involving antioxidant therapy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paul A. Hyslop, Michael O. Chaney
Summary: The oxidation of GAPDH is associated with pathophysiological cell fate decisions. The study reveals the mechanism by which H2O2-oxidized GAPDH undergoes subunit conformational rearrangement, providing insights for understanding the gain-of-function activities of oxidized GAPDH.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fernando Martin Baidanoff, Laura Lucia Trebucq, Santiago Andres Plano, Phillip Eaton, Diego Andres Golombek, Juan Jose Chiesa
Summary: This study investigated the oxidation of cysteine thiols in the circadian protein period 2 (PER2) in HEK-293T cells. The results showed that cysteine oxidation can alter the stability and form of PER2. These findings reveal the importance of cysteine oxidation in the redox regulation of the molecular circadian clock.
Review
Cell Biology
Barbora Botanska, Ima Dovinova, Miroslav Barancik
Summary: Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, produced at low levels during normal cellular metabolism, play important roles as signaling molecules. However, when their production increases, they can cause oxidative stress-associated damage, leading to the development of various diseases. The defense systems that maintain redox homeostasis in cells are essential in responding to oxidative stress. Nrf2-regulated redox signaling and autophagy are key players in this process, and their interaction under stress conditions is crucial for the progression of oxidative stress-induced diseases. This review focuses on the role of Nrf2 in redox regulation during cellular response to oxidative stress, as well as the regulation of autophagy and the role of redox signaling in this process. Specifically, the review provides detailed information on the interplay between Nrf2 and autophagy pathways in the myocardium and their involvement in cardiovascular disease development.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mahan Ghafari, Louis du Plessis, Jayna Raghwani, Samir Bhatt, Bo Xu, Oliver G. Pybus, Aris Katzourakis
Summary: High-throughput sequencing allows rapid genome sequencing during outbreaks, providing insight into pathogen evolution dynamics. Evolutionary analyses over short timescales are challenging due to the time-dependent nature of evolutionary rate estimates. The study on SARS-CoV-2 and pH1N1 influenza found that inferred evolutionary parameters decline over time, with growth rates and emergence dates stable after 4 months. Terminal branches exhibit elevated substitution rates, correlated with purifying selection generating time dependency in evolutionary parameters.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Petr Jezek
Summary: This article theoretically derives the mutual influence between mitochondria and the cytosol, predicting possible conditions for mitochondrial signals to the cytosol and plasma membrane. The involvement of peroxiredoxin 3 in mitochondrial-to-cytosol redox signaling is discussed, as well as the activation of matrix MnSOD in a specific case. The use of redox-sensitive probes and their impact on quantifying H2O2 fluxes is also considered.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vivaswath S. Ayyar, Siddharth Sukumaran
Summary: Circadian rhythms are important biological clock mechanisms that regulate physiological, biochemical, and behavioral processes. They are controlled by central and peripheral clocks, with external cues influencing their function. Disruption of these rhythms has direct consequences for health and drug efficacy.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACOKINETICS AND PHARMACODYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Christopher M. Dustin, Aida Habibovic, Milena Hristova, Caspar Schiffers, Carolyn R. Morris, Miao-Chong Joy Lin, Robert A. Bauer, David E. Heppner, Nirav Daphtary, Minara Aliyeva, Albert van der Vliet
Summary: The respiratory epithelium acts as the first line of defense against inhaled pathogens, with IL-33 being crucial in inducing type 2 immune responses. Studies have shown the importance of DUOX1 in acute airway epithelial IL-33 secretion in response to allergens like house dust mite. Additionally, a positive feed-forward mechanism has been identified, involving ST2-dependent IL-33 signaling.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomas Flouri, Jun Huang, Xiyun Jiao, Paschalia Kapli, Bruce Rannala, Ziheng Yang
Summary: The multispecies coalescent model provides a natural framework for phylogenetic analysis of genomic data, allowing estimation of species divergence times and ancestral population sizes. Clock violation should be considered, and the relaxed-clock models can extract valuable phylogenetic information from gene-tree branch lengths.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ming Zhang, Lei Fang, Liang Zhou, Antonio Molino, Maria Rosaria Valentino, Shuanying Yang, Jie Zhang, Yali Li, Michael Roth
Summary: In COPD patients, airway epithelial cells show increased phosphorylation of MAPK15 and ULK1, as well as enhanced expression of Beclin1 and the ratio of LC3II to LC3I. Cigarette smoke extract activates the MAPK15-ULK1 signaling pathway, leading to mitophagy and mitochondrial oxidative stress in airway epithelial cells. Targeting this pathway may be a potential therapeutic strategy for COPD.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Dongmei Li, Isaac K. Sundar, Scott McIntosh, Deborah J. Ossip, Maciej Lukasz Goniewicz, Richard J. O'Connor, Irfan Rahman
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marko Manevski, Thivanka Muthumalage, Dinesh Devadoss, Isaac K. Sundar, Qixin Wang, Kameshwar P. Singh, Hoshang J. Unwalla, Hitendra S. Chand, Irfan Rahman
Review
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Mehak Passi, Sadia Shahid, Sankarakuttalam Chockalingam, Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar, Gopinath Packirisamy
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2020)
Review
Physiology
Samantha R. McDonough, Irfan Rahman, Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar
Summary: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), or e-cigarettes, have become increasingly popular in recent years as smoking cessation devices and among younger generations. While consumers widely believe that e-cigs are less harmful to health than traditional cigarettes, important questions remain unanswered regarding their potential toxicity. Ongoing research into biomarkers of e-cig exposure and toxicity is essential for informing clinical and regulatory decision-making.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gagandeep Kaur, Isaac K. Sundar, Irfan Rahman
Summary: Cellular senescence and lung aging play a role in the pathogenesis of COPD, with chronic smoking being a key factor. Lack of suitable in vivo models has hindered research in this area, but evidence suggests that the p16-3MR mouse model is appropriate for studying cellular senescence in lung pathologies related to cigarette smoke exposure and aging.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Allan Giri, Ashokkumar Srinivasan, Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar
Summary: Sleep, circadian rhythms, and immune response play critical roles in SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially in elderly patients. Understanding the impact of these factors on disease progression can provide insights into potential therapies.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Krishna Prahlad Maremanda, Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar, Irfan Rahman
Summary: The study found that short OPA1 isoforms are increased in COPD patients, and acute cigarette smoke exposure leads to conversion of long to short OPA1 isoforms in various cell lines. Mitochondrial stress-related protein SLP2 was significantly increased in all cells following cigarette smoke exposure. Treatment with certain compounds like BGP-15 and leflunomide could preserve the long OPA1 isoform in cells exposed to cigarette smoke. These findings suggest that long OPA1 isoform, along with SLP2 and prohibitins, may play a crucial role in cigarette smoke-induced lung damage in COPD.
Letter
Allergy
Isaac Kirubakaran Sundar, Ashokkumar Srinivasan
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL ALLERGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qixin Wang, Isaac K. Sundar, Joseph H. Lucas, Thivanka Muthumalage, Irfan Rahman
Summary: This study investigated the role of REV-ERBα in circadian dysfunction and EMT alteration induced by cigarette smoke. The results showed that REV-ERBα agonist could alleviate CS-induced inflammation and abnormal EMT in the lungs, suggesting activation of REV-ERBα as a potential novel therapeutic approach for smoking-induced chronic inflammatory lung diseases.
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
Q. Wang, I. Sundar, I. Rahman
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
S. Sharma, I. Sundar, K. Maremanda, Q. Wang, G. Kaur, L. Chakrapani, T. Muthumalage, I. Rahman
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
A. Srinivasan, M. Castro, I Sundar
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Critical Care Medicine
G. Kaur, I. Sundar, I. Rahman
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Qixin Wang, Isaac K. Sundar, Dongmei Li, Joseph H. Lucas, Thivanka Muthumalage, Samantha R. McDonough, Irfan Rahman
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2020)
Letter
Physiology
Isaac K. Sundar
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2020)
Correction
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Siew Chin Chan, Chih-Wei Tung, Chia-Wei Lin, Yun-Shiuan Tung, Po-Min Wu, Pei-Hsun Cheng, Chuan-Mu Chen, Shang-Hsun Yang
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Suyuan Liu, Meiling Tan, Jiangxue Cai, Chenxuan Li, Miaoxin Yang, Xiaoxiao Sun, Bin He
Summary: This study reveals that the antibiotic doxycycline effectively inhibits NLRP3 inflammasome activation by targeting mitochondrial translation and mtDNA synthesis, offering potential for the treatment of NLRP3-related diseases.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hao Liu, Nana Li, Ge Kuang, Xia Gong, Ting Wang, Jun Hu, Hui Du, Minxuan Zhong, Jiashi Guo, Yao Xie, Yang Xiang, Shengwang Wu, Yiling Yuan, Xinru Yin, Jingyuan Wan, Ke Li
Summary: Protectin D1 (PTD1) improves hepatic steatosis, inflammation and fibrosis in a NASH mouse model by inhibiting the activation of TLR4 downstream signaling pathway, possibly through upregulation of IRAK-M expression, suggesting a potential new treatment for NASH.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2024)